feat(backend): ajoute les comptes applicatifs et l'amorçage du premier admin

Table `app_user`, son dépôt, et la commande `create-admin`. Le nom évite
`user`, mot réservé de PostgreSQL, et rappelle qu'il s'agit d'un compte
applicatif, par opposition au rôle PostgreSQL qui portera le
cantonnement des accès ETL et ML.

`credentials_changed_at` couvre à elle seule le changement de mot de
passe, le changement de rôle et la désactivation : tout jeton émis avant
cet instant sera refusé, sans attendre son expiration.

La configuration refuse désormais de démarrer sur cinq erreurs
silencieuses : secret trop court ou laissé à sa valeur d'exemple, `debug`
en production, joker CORS, origines vides hors local, et cookie
`SameSite=None` sans `Secure`. Les fixtures de test et les deux
`.env.example` suivent, sans quoi rien ne démarrerait.

Le mot de passe de l'admin ne transite jamais par `argv`, visible de tout
`ps` : il est saisi par `getpass` ou tiré au sort. Une révision Alembic
qui insérerait ce compte graverait son empreinte dans Git pour toujours.

apps/backend/tests/conftest.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def environment() -> Iterator[None]:
             "APP_DEBUG": "false",
             "APP_LOG_LEVEL": "WARNING",
             "APP_CORS_ORIGINS": "",
-            "APP_SECRET_KEY": "secret-de-test",
+            "APP_SECRET_KEY": "secret-de-test-assez-long-pour-le-validateur",
         }
     )
     os.environ.setdefault(

apps/backend/tests/core/test_config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import pytest
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+from tests.factories import make_settings
+
+SECRET_VALIDE = "un-secret-de-test-de-plus-de-trente-deux-caracteres"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "surcharges",
+    [
+        {"secret_key": "trop-court"},
+        {"secret_key": "change_me"},
+        {"env": "prod", "debug": True, "cors_origins": "https://enervision.fr"},
+        {"cors_origins": "*"},
+        {"env": "prod", "cors_origins": ""},
+        {"cookie_samesite": "none", "cookie_secure": False},
+    ],
+    ids=[
+        "secret_trop_court",
+        "secret_sentinelle",
+        "debug_en_production",
+        "joker_dans_les_origines",
+        "origines_vides_hors_local",
+        "samesite_none_sans_secure",
+    ],
+)
+def test_settings_refuses_to_build_when_the_configuration_is_unsafe(
+    surcharges: dict[str, object],
+) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        make_settings(**surcharges)
+
+
+def test_settings_accepts_debug_in_local_environment() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="local", debug=True)
+
+    assert settings.debug is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("env", "attendu"),
+    [("local", False), ("dev", True), ("staging", True), ("prod", True)],
+    ids=["local", "dev", "staging", "production"],
+)
+def test_cookies_are_secure_follows_the_environment(env: str, attendu: bool) -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env=env, cors_origins="https://enervision.fr")
+
+    assert settings.cookies_are_secure is attendu
+
+
+def test_cookies_are_secure_honours_an_explicit_override() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="prod", cors_origins="https://enervision.fr", cookie_secure=False)
+
+    assert settings.cookies_are_secure is False
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("env", "attendu"),
+    [("local", True), ("dev", True), ("staging", False), ("prod", False)],
+    ids=["local", "dev", "staging", "production"],
+)
+def test_api_docs_are_exposed_closes_staging_and_production(env: str, attendu: bool) -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env=env, cors_origins="https://enervision.fr")
+
+    assert settings.api_docs_are_exposed is attendu
+
+
+def test_api_docs_are_exposed_honours_an_explicit_override() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="prod", cors_origins="https://enervision.fr", expose_api_docs=True)
+
+    assert settings.api_docs_are_exposed is True
+
+
+def test_allowed_origins_splits_and_trims_the_list() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(cors_origins=" http://localhost:4200 , https://enervision.fr ")
+
+    assert settings.allowed_origins == ["http://localhost:4200", "https://enervision.fr"]

apps/backend/tests/core/test_cookies.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+from app.core.cookies import RefreshCookie, cookie_name
+from tests.factories import make_settings
+
+
+def test_build_marks_the_cookie_http_only_and_scopes_it_to_the_auth_routes() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="local")
+
+    cookie = RefreshCookie.build(settings, "un-secret-opaque")
+
+    assert cookie.httponly is True
+    assert cookie.samesite == "strict"
+    assert cookie.path == "/api/v1/auth"
+    assert cookie.max_age == settings.refresh_token_ttl_seconds
+
+
+def test_build_prefixes_and_secures_the_cookie_outside_local() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="prod", cors_origins="https://enervision.fr")
+
+    cookie = RefreshCookie.build(settings, "un-secret-opaque")
+
+    assert cookie.secure is True
+    assert cookie.key.startswith("__Secure-")
+
+
+def test_build_leaves_the_cookie_unprefixed_in_local() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="local")
+
+    cookie = RefreshCookie.build(settings, "un-secret-opaque")
+
+    assert cookie.key == "ev_refresh"
+
+
+def test_expired_reuses_the_exact_name_and_path_of_the_posted_cookie() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="prod", cors_origins="https://enervision.fr")
+
+    pose = RefreshCookie.build(settings, "un-secret-opaque")
+    suppression = RefreshCookie.expired(settings)
+
+    assert suppression.key == pose.key
+    assert suppression.path == pose.path
+    assert suppression.secure == pose.secure
+    assert suppression.samesite == pose.samesite
+    assert suppression.max_age == 0
+    assert suppression.value == ""
+
+
+def test_as_kwargs_matches_the_starlette_set_cookie_signature() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="local")
+
+    arguments = RefreshCookie.build(settings, "un-secret-opaque").as_kwargs()
+
+    assert set(arguments) == {"key", "value", "max_age", "path", "secure", "httponly", "samesite"}
+
+
+def test_cookie_name_follows_the_configured_name() -> None:
+    settings = make_settings(env="local", refresh_cookie_name="autre_nom")
+
+    assert cookie_name(settings) == "autre_nom"

apps/backend/tests/factories.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ SETTINGS_DE_TEST: dict[str, Any] = {
     "debug": False,
     "log_level": "WARNING",
     "cors_origins": "",
-    "secret_key": "secret-de-test",
+    "secret_key": "secret-de-test-assez-long-pour-le-validateur",
     "database_url": "postgresql+asyncpg://enervision:change_me@localhost:5433/enervision_test",
 }