docs(infra): aligne le README du proxy sur nginx 1.31-alpine

Le tag de l'image y est cité deux fois (présentation, commande nginx -t) ;
il suit celui de docker-compose.prod.yml. Le runner du Dockerfile frontend
est une image durcie dhi.io, suivie séparément, et n'est pas concerné.

.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Dépendances (réinstallées dans l'image)
+node_modules/
+vendor/
+__pycache__/
+*.pyc
+
+# Git et IDE
+.git/
+.gitignore
+.vscode/
+.idea/
+*.swp
+
+# Fichiers de build locaux
+dist/
+build/
+*.log
+
+# Secrets et config locale (CRITIQUE : risque d'exfiltration)
+.env
+.env.local
+*.pem
+*.key
+secrets/
+.npmrc
+.pypirc
+kubeconfig

.env.example

@@ -17,3 +17,39 @@ APP_LOG_LEVEL=INFO
 APP_SECRET_KEY=change_me
 APP_CORS_ORIGINS=http://localhost:4200
 BACKEND_PORT=8000
+FRONTEND_PORT=3000
+
+# Mailpit capture les courriels du backend, rien ne sort vers l'extérieur.
+MAILPIT_SMTP_PORT=1025
+MAILPIT_UI_PORT=8025
+
+# API Mock EnerVision
+APP_MOCK_API_BASE_URL=https://api-mock.charlieandre.fr
+APP_MOCK_API_USERNAME=change_me
+APP_MOCK_API_PASSWORD=change_me
+APP_MOCK_API_TIMEOUT_SECONDS=10
+
+# Airflow (webserver + scheduler, LocalExecutor). Base de métadonnées dédiée `airflow` dans le
+# même conteneur `db` (cf. db/init/120-airflow-database.sql), pas un conteneur de plus.
+AIRFLOW_PORT=8080
+# Chiffre les connexions/variables stockées par Airflow. Générer la vôtre :
+# python -c "from cryptography.fernet import Fernet; print(Fernet.generate_key().decode())"
+AIRFLOW_FERNET_KEY=change_me
+# Clé Flask du webserver Airflow (signature de session), distincte de la précédente. Générer la
+# vôtre : python -c "import secrets; print(secrets.token_urlsafe(48))"
+AIRFLOW_WEBSERVER_SECRET_KEY=change_me
+AIRFLOW_ADMIN_USERNAME=admin
+# Compte Airflow créé au premier démarrage (service `airflow-init`), sans rapport avec les
+# comptes `app_user` d'EnerVision.
+AIRFLOW_ADMIN_PASSWORD=change_me
+AIRFLOW_ADMIN_EMAIL=admin@enervision.fr
+# `APP_SECRET_KEY` du backend, que le DAG `alertes` lance en sous-processus. Distincte de
+# celle de l'API : la détection ne signe aucun jeton, et Airflow exécute du code depuis son
+# interface (cf. ADR 0008). Générer la vôtre :
+# python -c "import secrets; print(secrets.token_urlsafe(48))"
+AIRFLOW_APP_SECRET_KEY=change_me
+
+# Stack complète derrière le reverse proxy (docker-compose.prod.yml).
+# PUBLIC_HOST alimente l'origine CORS, le lien de réinitialisation et le certificat.
+PUBLIC_HOST=enervision.local
+ACME_EMAIL=

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+  # Frontend — npm
+  - package-ecosystem: "npm"
+    directory: "/apps/frontend"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"
+    open-pull-requests-limit: 5
+    groups:
+      frontend-dependencies:
+        patterns:
+          - "*"
+
+  # Backend — uv (lit pyproject.toml / uv.lock)
+  - package-ecosystem: "uv"
+    directory: "/apps/backend"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"
+    open-pull-requests-limit: 5
+    groups:
+      backend-dependencies:
+        patterns:
+          - "*"
+
+  # Les workflows GitHub Actions eux-mêmes ont aussi des dépendances à jour
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"
+
+  # Si un Dockerfile existe pour le backend
+  - package-ecosystem: "docker"
+    directory: "/apps/backend"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"
+
+  - package-ecosystem: "docker"
+    directory: "/apps/frontend"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"
+
+  # Images du reverse proxy et du compagnon ACME, épinglées dans les fichiers Compose
+  - package-ecosystem: "docker-compose"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"

.github/workflows/airflow.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+name: Airflow
+
+# Piège : la version de Python vient de etl/airflow/.python-version. C'est 3.12 et non 3.14
+# (contrairement à backend.yml et ml.yml) : apache-airflow 2.10 ne supporte pas 3.14. Le 3.14 de
+# ml/ ne vit que dans l'image Docker, dans son propre environnement (cf. etl/airflow/Dockerfile).
+#
+# Piège : l'image COPY les fichiers de dépendances et le code de ml/ et de apps/backend/. Une
+# modification de l'un ou de l'autre peut donc casser sa construction, d'où ces chemins dans
+# les déclencheurs, alors même que ce workflow ne teste ni le modèle ni l'API.
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - "etl/airflow/**"
+      - "ml/pyproject.toml"
+      - "ml/uv.lock"
+      - "ml/enervision_ml/**"
+      - "apps/backend/pyproject.toml"
+      - "apps/backend/uv.lock"
+      - "apps/backend/app/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/airflow.yml"
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "etl/airflow/**"
+      - "ml/pyproject.toml"
+      - "ml/uv.lock"
+      - "ml/enervision_ml/**"
+      - "apps/backend/pyproject.toml"
+      - "apps/backend/uv.lock"
+      - "apps/backend/app/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/airflow.yml"
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: airflow-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  verification:
+    name: Lint et intégrité des DAGs
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: etl/airflow
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Récupère le dépôt
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-dependency-glob: etl/airflow/uv.lock
+
+      - name: Installe l'interpréteur déclaré par .python-version
+        run: uv python install
+
+      - name: Synchronise les dépendances sans dévier du verrou
+        run: uv sync --all-groups --frozen
+
+      - name: Vérifie le formatage
+        run: uv run ruff format --check .
+
+      - name: Analyse statique
+        run: uv run ruff check --output-format=github .
+
+      # Aucun test ne lance de tâche ni de scheduler : DagBag charge les fichiers de dags/ et
+      # vérifie import, planification, plafonds d'exécution et commande de chaque tâche.
+      - name: Tests d'intégrité des DAGs
+        run: uv run pytest
+
+  image:
+    name: Construction de l'image
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Récupère le dépôt
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Construit l'image (contexte à la racine, elle COPY ml/ et apps/backend/)
+        run: docker build -f etl/airflow/Dockerfile -t enervision-airflow:ci .
+
+      # Vérifie ce qui ne casse qu'à l'exécution, pas à la construction : libgomp1 absent
+      # (`OSError: libgomp.so.1` au premier import) ou environnement ml/ non figé.
+      - name: Vérifie que le pipeline ML s'importe sans réseau
+        run: >
+          docker run --rm --network none enervision-airflow:ci
+          bash -c "cd /opt/ml && env -u VIRTUAL_ENV uv run --no-sync python -m enervision_ml.train --help"
+
+      # `--help` sort par argparse avant `get_settings()` : ni base ni secret requis, et
+      # l'import du module prouve que l'environnement /opt/backend est complet. Les deux
+      # commandes du DAG `alertes` sont couvertes, `app.cli` tirant tout FastAPI derrière lui.
+      - name: Vérifie que les deux commandes du DAG alertes s'importent sans réseau
+        run: >
+          docker run --rm --network none enervision-airflow:ci
+          bash -c "cd /opt/backend
+          && env -u VIRTUAL_ENV uv run --no-sync python -m app.detection.internal_alerts --help
+          && env -u VIRTUAL_ENV uv run --no-sync python -m app.cli generate-recommendations --help"

.github/workflows/backend.yml

@@ -56,3 +56,113 @@ jobs:
       # Le marqueur `integration` est exclu par défaut, donc aucune base n'est nécessaire ici.
       - name: Tests et couverture
         run: uv run pytest --cov-fail-under=85
+
+  # Piège : l'image est celle de docker-compose.yml, pas une image `postgres` nue. La première
+  # migration (`5353c0e4f094`) échoue volontairement si l'extension TimescaleDB manque, et un
+  # écart d'image entre la CI et le poste rendrait ce job vert sur une base qui n'est pas la nôtre.
+  integration:
+    name: Tests exigeant une base
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+    services:
+      db:
+        image: timescale/timescaledb-ha:pg17
+        env:
+          POSTGRES_USER: enervision
+          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: change_me
+          POSTGRES_DB: enervision_test
+        ports:
+          - "5433:5432"
+        options: >-
+          --health-cmd "pg_isready -U enervision -d enervision_test"
+          --health-interval 10s
+          --health-timeout 5s
+          --health-retries 12
+          --health-start-period 40s
+
+    env:
+      DATABASE_URL: postgresql+asyncpg://enervision:change_me@localhost:5433/enervision_test
+      APP_SECRET_KEY: secret-de-test-assez-long-pour-le-validateur
+      PGPASSWORD: change_me
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Récupère le dépôt
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-dependency-glob: apps/backend/uv.lock
+
+      - name: Installe l'interpréteur déclaré par .python-version
+        run: uv python install
+
+      - name: Synchronise les dépendances sans dévier du verrou
+        run: uv sync --all-groups --frozen
+
+      # Sur le poste, c'est db/init/110-test-database.sql qui pose l'extension. Ce fichier n'est
+      # pas monté ici, et sans lui `alembic upgrade head` s'arrête sur la garde de la révision 1.
+      - name: Active TimescaleDB sur la base de test
+        run: psql -h localhost -p 5433 -U enervision -d enervision_test -c "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb"
+
+      - name: Applique les migrations
+        run: uv run alembic upgrade head
+
+      # `-m` en ligne de commande écrase celui d'`addopts`. La couverture est désactivée : ce job
+      # ne joue qu'une partie de la suite, son taux n'aurait aucun sens face au seuil de 85 %.
+      - name: Tests d'intégration
+        run: uv run pytest -m integration --no-cov
+
+  security-audit:
+    name: Audit des dépendances
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Récupère le dépôt
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-dependency-glob: apps/backend/uv.lock
+
+      # L'audit porte sur le verrou, pas sur l'environnement : sinon pip-audit auditerait
+      # aussi les paquets que son propre `--with` injecte, hors dépendances du projet.
+      - name: Audite les dépendances livrées
+        # Piège : sans `shell: bash`, un échec de `uv export` serait masqué par le pipe.
+        shell: bash
+        run: uv export --frozen --no-dev --no-emit-project --no-hashes | uvx pip-audit --requirement /dev/stdin --no-deps
+
+  sast:
+    name: Analyse statique de sécurité
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Récupère le dépôt
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      # Pourquoi : pas de cache ici. uvx n'installe pas le projet, le verrou n'alimente donc
+      # aucune clé de cache ; la seule roue téléchargée est celle de Bandit.
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+
+      # Pourquoi : le périmètre est `app`, le code livré. Les tests emploient légitimement des
+      # secrets factices et des `assert` que Bandit signalerait sans qu'aucun n'atteigne la prod.
+      - name: Analyse le code livré (bloquant à partir de MEDIUM)
+        run: uvx bandit==1.9.4 --recursive app --severity-level medium --confidence-level medium
+
+      # Piège : sans cette seconde passe, un constat LOW disparaîtrait du journal sans trace.
+      - name: Rapport complet, tous niveaux
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: uvx bandit==1.9.4 --recursive app

.github/workflows/frontend.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+name: Frontend
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - "apps/frontend/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/frontend.yml"
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "apps/frontend/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/frontend.yml"
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: apps/frontend/package-lock.json
+
+      - run: npm ci
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+      - run: npm run build
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+
+  security-audit:
+    name: Audit des dépendances
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
+      # Seuil high : une vulnérabilité moderate de devDependency ne doit pas bloquer une livraison.
+      - run: npm audit --audit-level=high --package-lock-only
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+
+  test:
+    needs: build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: apps/frontend/package-lock.json
+      - name : Installation des dépendances (Front)
+        run: npm ci 
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+      - name : Lancement des tests et génénration du rapport de couverture (Front)
+        run: npm test --watch=false --code-coverage --coverageReporters=lcov
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+      - name: Upload coverage
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: frontend-coverage
+          path: apps/frontend/coverage/frontend/lcov.info

.github/workflows/ml.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+name: ML
+
+# Piège : la version de Python vient de ml/.python-version, et doit rester en 3.14 (cf.
+# .github/workflows/backend.yml, même contrainte).
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - "ml/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/ml.yml"
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "ml/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/ml.yml"
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ml-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  verification:
+    name: Lint, typage et tests
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ml
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Récupère le dépôt
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-dependency-glob: ml/uv.lock
+
+      - name: Installe l'interpréteur déclaré par .python-version
+        run: uv python install
+
+      - name: Synchronise les dépendances sans dévier du verrou
+        run: uv sync --all-groups --frozen
+
+      - name: Vérifie le formatage
+        run: uv run ruff format --check .
+
+      - name: Analyse statique
+        run: uv run ruff check --output-format=github .
+
+      - name: Typage
+        run: uv run mypy enervision_ml tests
+
+      # Aucun test ne touche PostgreSQL ni MLflow distant : tout tourne sur donnees
+      # synthetiques ou un magasin SQLite local jetable (cf. ml/tests/test_train.py).
+      - name: Tests
+        run: uv run pytest
+
+  sast:
+    name: Analyse statique de sécurité
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ml
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Récupère le dépôt
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      # Pourquoi : pas de cache ici. uvx n'installe pas le projet, le verrou n'alimente donc
+      # aucune clé de cache ; la seule roue téléchargée est celle de Bandit.
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+
+      - name: Analyse le code livré (bloquant à partir de MEDIUM)
+        run: uvx bandit==1.9.4 --recursive enervision_ml --severity-level medium --confidence-level medium
+
+      - name: Rapport complet, tous niveaux
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: uvx bandit==1.9.4 --recursive enervision_ml

.github/workflows/sonarqube.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+name: SonarQube
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - "apps/frontend/**"
+      - "apps/backend/**"
+      - "ml/**"
+      - "etl/airflow/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/sonarqube.yml"
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "apps/frontend/**"
+      - "apps/backend/**"
+      - "ml/**"
+      - "etl/airflow/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/sonarqube.yml"
+
+
+# Build l'ensemble du projet, puis lance les tests
+# Génère les rapports de couverture, puis lance l'analyse SonarQube
+
+jobs:
+  build-front:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: apps/frontend/package-lock.json
+      
+      - run: npm ci 
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+      - run: npm run build
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+
+  test-front:  
+    needs: build-front
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: apps/frontend/package-lock.json
+
+      - name : Installation des dépendances (Front)
+        run: npm ci 
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+
+      - name : Lancement des tests et génénration du rapport de couverture (Front)
+        run: npm test --watch=false --code-coverage --coverageReporters=lcov
+        working-directory: apps/frontend
+
+      - name: Upload coverage
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: frontend-coverage
+          path: apps/frontend/coverage/frontend/lcov.info
+
+  build-back:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-dependency-glob: apps/backend/uv.lock
+      - name: Installe l'interpréteur déclaré par .python-version
+        run: uv python install
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+      - name: Synchronise les dépendances sans dévier du verrou
+        run: uv sync --all-groups --frozen
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+      - name: Vérifie le formatage
+        run: uv run ruff format --check .
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+      - name: Analyse statique
+        run: uv run ruff check --output-format=github .
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+      - name: Typage
+        run: uv run mypy app
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+
+  test-back:
+    needs: build-back
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-dependency-glob: apps/backend/uv.lock
+
+      - name : Lancement des tests et génénration du rapport de couverture (Back)
+        run: uv run pytest --cov-fail-under=85 --cov-report=xml
+        working-directory: apps/backend
+
+      - name: Upload coverage
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: backend-coverage
+          path: apps/backend/coverage.xml
+
+  test-ml:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Installe uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+          cache-dependency-glob: ml/uv.lock
+
+      - name: Installe l'interpréteur déclaré par .python-version
+        run: uv python install
+        working-directory: ml
+
+      - name: Synchronise les dépendances sans dévier du verrou
+        run: uv sync --all-groups --frozen
+        working-directory: ml
+
+      - name: Lancement des tests et génération du rapport de couverture (ML)
+        run: uv run pytest --cov-report=xml
+        working-directory: ml
+
+      - name: Upload coverage
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ml-coverage
+          path: ml/coverage.xml
+
+  sonarqube:
+    needs: [build-front, build-back, test-front, test-back, test-ml]
+    name: SonarQube
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Téléchargement du rapport de couverture (Front)
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: frontend-coverage
+          path: apps/frontend/coverage/frontend
+      - name: Téléchargement du rapport de couverture (Back)
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: backend-coverage
+          path: apps/backend
+      - name: Téléchargement du rapport de couverture (ML)
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ml-coverage
+          path: ml
+      - name: SonarQube Scan
+        uses: SonarSource/sonarqube-scan-action@v8
+        env:
+          SONAR_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SONAR_TOKEN }}

.gitignore

@@ -52,11 +52,26 @@ standalone_admin_password.txt
 secrets/
 
 # Donnees locales
-data/
+data/raw/*
+!data/raw/.gitkeep
 *.sqlite3
 monitoring/grafana/data/
 monitoring/prometheus/data/
 
+# ML : jeu de donnees, modeles entraines et suivi MLflow local, tous generes/volumineux
+ml/data/
+ml/models/*
+!ml/models/.gitkeep
+ml/mlruns/
+ml/mlartifacts/
+ml/mlflow.db
+
+# Airflow : base sqlite locale generee par les tests d'integrite des DAGs (etl/airflow/tests)
+etl/airflow/tests/.airflow_home/
+
+# TLS : certificats du reverse proxy, générés par script ou par certbot
+infra/proxy/tls/*.pem
+
 # IDE et OS
 .idea/
 .vscode/

Makefile

@@ -1,18 +1,58 @@
 BACKEND := apps/backend
+FRONTEND := apps/frontend
+ML := ml
+AIRFLOW := etl/airflow
+COMPOSE_PROD := docker compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.prod.yml
+
+# Piège : sans `export`, une valeur passée en ligne de commande n'atteindrait pas docker compose.
+# PUBLIC_HOST retombe sur le `.env`, que make ne lit pas, puis sur la valeur de `.env.example`.
+PUBLIC_HOST ?= $(shell sed -n 's/^PUBLIC_HOST=//p' .env 2>/dev/null | tail -1)
+PUBLIC_HOST := $(or $(strip $(PUBLIC_HOST)),enervision.local)
+export PUBLIC_HOST
+ifdef ACME_EMAIL
+export ACME_EMAIL
+endif
 
 .DEFAULT_GOAL := help
-.PHONY: help install dev lint format typecheck test test-cov test-integration check \
+.PHONY: help install install-backend install-frontend install-ml install-airflow \
-        docker-build db-up db-down db-reset db-logs db-psql migrate bootstrap-admin
+        dev dev-backend dev-frontend \
+        lint format typecheck test test-cov test-integration check \
+        openapi docker-build db-up db-down db-reset db-logs db-psql migrate bootstrap-admin \
+        ml-lint ml-typecheck ml-test ml-check ml-train ml-score detect-alerts recommendations \
+        airflow-lint airflow-test airflow-check airflow-up airflow-down airflow-logs \
+        tls-selfsigned tls-acme tls-renew stack-up stack-down stack-logs
 
 help: ## Liste les cibles disponibles
 	@grep -E '^[a-zA-Z_-]+:.*?## .*$$' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*?## "}; {printf "  \033[36m%-16s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2}'
 
-install: ## Installe les dépendances du backend
+install: install-backend install-frontend install-ml install-airflow ## Installe les dépendances backend, frontend, ML et Airflow
+
+install-backend: ## Installe les dépendances du backend
 	cd $(BACKEND) && uv sync --all-groups
 
-dev: ## Lance l'API en rechargement à chaud
+install-frontend: ## Installe les dépendances du frontend
+	cd $(FRONTEND) && npm ci
+
+install-ml: ## Installe les dépendances du pipeline ML
+	cd $(ML) && uv sync --all-groups
+
+install-airflow: ## Installe les dépendances de lint/test des DAGs Airflow
+	cd $(AIRFLOW) && uv sync --all-groups
+
+dev: ## Lance toute la stack (backend + frontend) en rechargement à chaud
+	@trap 'kill 0' EXIT INT TERM; \
+	$(MAKE) --no-print-directory dev-backend & \
+	$(MAKE) --no-print-directory dev-frontend & \
+	wait
+
+dev-backend: ## Lance l'API seule en rechargement à chaud
+	@echo "backend  -> http://localhost:8000 (docs sur /docs)"
 	cd $(BACKEND) && uv run uvicorn app.main:create_app --factory --reload --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000
 
+dev-frontend: ## Lance le frontend seul en rechargement à chaud
+	@echo "frontend -> http://localhost:4200"
+	cd $(FRONTEND) && npm start
+
 lint: ## Analyse statique du backend
 	cd $(BACKEND) && uv run ruff check .
 
@@ -34,9 +74,82 @@ test-integration: ## Exécute les tests exigeant une base joignable
 
 check: lint typecheck test ## Chaîne de vérification complète
 
+openapi: ## Régénère apps/backend/openapi.json depuis les routes déclarées
+	cd $(BACKEND) && uv run python -m app.cli export-openapi
+
+ml-lint: ## Analyse statique du pipeline ML
+	cd $(ML) && uv run ruff check .
+
+ml-typecheck: ## Vérifie le typage du pipeline ML
+	cd $(ML) && uv run mypy enervision_ml tests
+
+ml-test: ## Exécute les tests du pipeline ML (donnees synthetiques, sans base ni serveur MLflow)
+	cd $(ML) && uv run pytest
+
+ml-check: ml-lint ml-typecheck ml-test ## Chaîne de vérification complète du pipeline ML
+
+ml-train: ## Entraine le modele LightGBM. CSV=chemin optionnel, sinon lit ML_DATABASE_URL
+	cd $(ML) && uv run python -m enervision_ml.train $(if $(CSV),--csv $(CSV),)
+
+ml-score: ## Score le prochain pas horaire et l'ecrit dans `prediction`. CSV=chemin optionnel
+	cd $(ML) && uv run python -m enervision_ml.score $(if $(CSV),--csv $(CSV),)
+
+detect-alerts: ## Détecte les alertes internes depuis les lectures en base. SITE= et NOW= optionnels
+	cd $(BACKEND) && uv run python -m app.detection.internal_alerts $(if $(SITE),--site-id $(SITE),) $(if $(NOW),--now $(NOW),)
+
+recommendations: ## Genere les recommandations depuis les alertes en base. SITE=identifiant optionnel
+	cd $(BACKEND) && uv run python -m app.cli generate-recommendations $(if $(SITE),--site-id $(SITE),)
+
+airflow-lint: ## Analyse statique des DAGs Airflow
+	cd $(AIRFLOW) && uv run ruff check .
+
+airflow-test: ## Verifie que les DAGs s'importent sans erreur et ont la structure attendue
+	cd $(AIRFLOW) && uv run pytest
+
+airflow-check: airflow-lint airflow-test ## Chaîne de vérification complète des DAGs Airflow
+
+airflow-up: ## Démarre Airflow (webserver + scheduler, LocalExecutor). db-up requis avant.
+	docker compose up -d airflow-init airflow-webserver airflow-scheduler
+	@echo "airflow  -> http://localhost:$${AIRFLOW_PORT:-8080}"
+
+airflow-down: ## Arrête le webserver et le scheduler Airflow
+	docker compose stop airflow-webserver airflow-scheduler
+
+airflow-logs: ## Suit les journaux du scheduler Airflow (où tournent les tâches, LocalExecutor)
+	docker compose logs -f airflow-scheduler
+
 docker-build: ## Construit l'image du backend
 	docker build -t enervision-backend:local $(BACKEND)
 
+tls-selfsigned: ## Génère le certificat de démonstration. PUBLIC_HOST=..., FORCE=1 pour écraser
+	./scripts/tls-selfsigned.sh $(if $(FORCE),--force,)
+
+stack-up: ## Démarre la stack complète derrière le reverse proxy (80/443). PUBLIC_HOST=... au besoin
+	@test -f infra/proxy/tls/fullchain.pem \
+		|| { echo "Aucun certificat dans infra/proxy/tls. Lancer d'abord make tls-selfsigned"; exit 1; }
+	@openssl x509 -in infra/proxy/tls/fullchain.pem -noout -checkhost "$(PUBLIC_HOST)" >/dev/null \
+		|| { echo "Le certificat ne couvre pas $(PUBLIC_HOST). Relancer make tls-selfsigned PUBLIC_HOST=$(PUBLIC_HOST) FORCE=1"; exit 1; }
+	$(COMPOSE_PROD) up -d --build
+
+stack-down: ## Arrête la stack complète en conservant les données
+	$(COMPOSE_PROD) stop
+
+stack-logs: ## Suit les journaux du reverse proxy
+	$(COMPOSE_PROD) logs -f proxy
+
+tls-acme: ## Demande un certificat Let's Encrypt. PUBLIC_HOST public et ACME_EMAIL requis
+	@test "$(PUBLIC_HOST)" != enervision.local \
+		|| { echo "PUBLIC_HOST doit être un domaine public résolvable, pas le nom de démonstration"; exit 1; }
+	$(COMPOSE_PROD) --profile acme run --rm certbot certonly --webroot -w /var/www/certbot \
+		-d $(PUBLIC_HOST) \
+		--email $${ACME_EMAIL:?ACME_EMAIL=... requis} \
+		--agree-tos --no-eff-email --deploy-hook /deploy-hook.sh
+	$(COMPOSE_PROD) exec proxy nginx -s reload
+
+tls-renew: ## Renouvelle les certificats Let's Encrypt et recharge le proxy
+	$(COMPOSE_PROD) --profile acme run --rm certbot renew --deploy-hook /deploy-hook.sh
+	$(COMPOSE_PROD) exec proxy nginx -s reload
+
 db-up: ## Démarre la base PostgreSQL TimescaleDB
 	docker compose up -d db
 

README.md

@@ -19,16 +19,19 @@ Ce que la documentation apporte à chacun : [docs/architecture/00-vue-ensemble.m
 | Domaine    | Technologie                         | Emplacement         | Etat          |
 |------------|-------------------------------------|---------------------|---------------|
 | Backend    | FastAPI, Python 3.14                | `apps/backend`      | Initialise    |
-| Frontend   | Angular 22, Node 24 LTS             | `apps/frontend`     | Squelette     |
+| Frontend   | Angular 22, Node 24 LTS             | `apps/frontend`     | Tableau de bord |
 | Base       | PostgreSQL 17 + TimescaleDB         | `db`                | Initialise    |
-| ETL        | Apache Airflow                      | `etl/airflow`       | A initialiser |
+| ETL        | Apache Airflow                      | `etl/airflow`       | Trois DAGs    |
 | Infra      | Terraform (k3s single-node)         | `infra/terraform`   | Initialise    |
+| Reverse proxy | Nginx, TLS                       | `infra/proxy`       | En place      |
 | CI/CD      | GitHub Actions                      | `.github/workflows` | Backend en place |
 | Monitoring | Prometheus, Grafana, Alertmanager   | `monitoring`        | A initialiser |
+| ML         | LightGBM, MLflow                    | `ml`                | Entrainement initialise |
 
 Le backend, la base et l'infrastructure (Terraform/k3s) sont initialises a ce stade. Le frontend
-porte le squelette Angular, sans code metier : aucune route, aucun appel d'API. Les autres dossiers
+sert un tableau de bord sur `/dashboard`, dont les données proviennent de fixtures : les endpoints
-portent l'arborescence et un README de cadrage, leur contenu fait l'objet d'un ticket dedie.
+correspondants restent à écrire côté API. Les autres dossiers portent l'arborescence et un README
+de cadrage, leur contenu fait l'objet d'un ticket dedie.
 
 L'etat detaille de chaque brique et les vues d'architecture sont dans
 [docs/architecture](docs/architecture/README.md).
@@ -45,13 +48,16 @@ L'etat detaille de chaque brique et les vues d'architecture sont dans
 │   ├── migrations/     Migrations SQL versionnees
 │   └── seeds/          Jeux de donnees de reference
 ├── etl/airflow/
-│   ├── dags/           DAGs d'ingestion et d'agregation
+│   ├── dags/           DAGs d'orchestration (pipeline ML, alertes)
 │   ├── plugins/        Operateurs et hooks maison
 │   ├── include/        Requetes SQL et ressources des DAGs
 │   └── tests/          Tests d'integrite des DAGs
-├── infra/terraform/
+├── infra/
-│   ├── modules/        Modules reutilisables
+│   ├── proxy/          Reverse proxy Nginx : terminaison TLS et routage
-│   └── environments/   Racines Terraform, une par environnement
+│   └── terraform/
+│       ├── modules/        Modules reutilisables
+│       └── environments/   Racines Terraform, une par environnement
+├── ml/                 Pipeline d'entrainement LightGBM, suivi MLflow
 ├── monitoring/
 │   ├── prometheus/     Collecte et regles d'alerte
 │   ├── grafana/        Provisioning et dashboards
@@ -62,16 +68,17 @@ L'etat detaille de chaque brique et les vues d'architecture sont dans
 
 ## Demarrage
 
-Prerequis : uv, Docker. Le poste doit disposer de Python 3.14, que `uv` installe seul.
+Prerequis : uv, Docker, Node 24 LTS (npm fourni). Le poste doit disposer de Python 3.14, que
+`uv` installe seul.
 
 ```bash
 cp .env.example .env                               # variables de docker-compose
 cp apps/backend/.env.example apps/backend/.env     # variables du backend hors conteneur
 
 make db-up     # PostgreSQL + TimescaleDB, publie sur le port 5433
-make install   # dependances du backend
+make install   # dependances du backend et du frontend
 make migrate   # applique les migrations Alembic
-make dev       # API sur http://localhost:8000, docs sur /docs
+make dev       # backend sur http://localhost:8000 (docs sur /docs), frontend sur http://localhost:4200
 make check     # lint + typage + tests
 ```
 
@@ -82,9 +89,11 @@ Deux fichiers d'environnement, deux usages : `.env` a la racine alimente `docker
 5432, souvent deja pris par une autre base.
 
 La boucle de developpement est `make db-up` puis `make dev` : seule la base tourne en
-conteneur. Le service `backend` du `docker-compose.yml` sert la stack complete et la recette,
+conteneur, le backend et le frontend tournent tous les deux sur le poste, lances ensemble par
-et n'embarque pas le source, donc toute modification y demande un
+`make dev` (logs entrelaces dans le meme terminal, Ctrl+C arrete les deux). `make dev-backend`
-`docker compose up -d --build backend`.
+et `make dev-frontend` restent disponibles pour lancer un seul des deux. Le service `backend`
+du `docker-compose.yml` sert la stack complete et la recette, et n'embarque pas le source, donc
+toute modification y demande un `docker compose up -d --build backend`.
 
 Verifier que la base repond et que l'extension est chargee :
 
@@ -92,6 +101,21 @@ Verifier que la base repond et que l'extension est chargee :
 curl -s localhost:8000/api/v1/health/ready
 ```
 
+## Stack complète derrière le reverse proxy
+
+Pour servir l'application comme sur la machine cible, en HTTPS et sous une seule origine.
+L'overlay emploie `!override` et `!reset`, donc **Docker Compose 2.24.4 ou plus récent** :
+
+```bash
+make tls-selfsigned PUBLIC_HOST=enervision.local   # certificat de démonstration
+make stack-up PUBLIC_HOST=enervision.local         # nginx en 80/443, rien d'autre n'est publié
+```
+
+Le navigateur avertit d'un émetteur inconnu : Let's Encrypt reste hors d'atteinte tant qu'aucun
+nom de domaine public ne résout vers la machine. Routage, mode ACME et renouvellement dans
+[`infra/proxy/README.md`](infra/proxy/README.md) ; la décision et ses motifs dans
+[l'ADR 0007](docs/adr/0007-terminaison-tls-et-reverse-proxy-nginx.md).
+
 ## Conventions
 
 - Branches : `feat/`, `fix/`, `chore/`, `docs/`, `test/` suivi d'un libelle court.

apps/backend/.env.example

@@ -8,3 +8,17 @@ APP_SECRET_KEY=change_me
 
 APP_CORS_ORIGINS=http://localhost:4200
 DATABASE_URL=postgresql+asyncpg://enervision:change_me@localhost:5433/enervision
+
+# Mot de passe oublié : lien à usage unique valable 15 minutes par défaut.
+APP_FRONTEND_RESET_PASSWORD_URL=http://localhost:4200/reset-password
+
+# SMTP local de dev (Mailpit, cf. docker-compose.yml) : aucune authentification, aucun TLS.
+# À remplacer par un vrai relais en staging/prod.
+APP_SMTP_HOST=localhost
+APP_SMTP_PORT=1025
+APP_SMTP_USE_TLS=false
+APP_SMTP_FROM_ADDRESS=no-reply@enervision.fr
+APP_MOCK_API_BASE_URL=https://api-mock.charlieandre.fr
+APP_MOCK_API_USERNAME=change_me
+APP_MOCK_API_PASSWORD=change_me
+APP_MOCK_API_TIMEOUT_SECONDS=10

apps/backend/Dockerfile

@@ -11,13 +11,14 @@ WORKDIR /app
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/uv \
     --mount=type=bind,source=uv.lock,target=uv.lock \
     --mount=type=bind,source=pyproject.toml,target=pyproject.toml \
-    uv sync --locked --no-install-project --no-dev
+    uv sync --locked --no-install-project --no-dev --no-build
 
+# Le projet lui-meme n'est pas installe (pas de second `uv sync`) : il tourne depuis /app, le
+# repertoire de travail, et rien ne lit ses metadonnees. L'installer imposerait de le construire
+# (backend hatchling), donc de retirer `--no-build` de l'etape ci-dessus, qui garantit que
+# l'installation des dependances n'execute aucun script de build (regle Sonar docker:S8541).
 COPY . /app
 
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/uv \
-    uv sync --locked --no-dev
-
 
 FROM python:3.14-slim AS runtime
 

apps/backend/README.md

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ de demarrer sans elles.
 ## Commandes
 
 Depuis la racine du monorepo, via le `Makefile` : `make install`, `make dev`, `make lint`,
-`make format`, `make typecheck`, `make test`, `make check`, `make docker-build`.
+`make format`, `make typecheck`, `make test`, `make check`, `make openapi`, `make docker-build`.
 
 Directement depuis ce dossier :
 
@@ -39,8 +39,12 @@ uv run ruff format .         # format
 uv run mypy app              # typage strict
 uv run pytest                # tests + couverture
 uv run pytest -m integration # tests exigeant une base joignable
+uv run python -m app.cli export-openapi   # régénère openapi.json
 ```
 
+`openapi.json` est versionné : `tests/api/test_openapi.py` échoue si le fichier ne correspond
+plus aux routes déclarées. Toute PR qui change une route le régénère dans le même commit.
+
 Les conventions de tests, les gabarits et le detail des marqueurs sont dans
 [`TESTING.md`](TESTING.md).
 
@@ -99,10 +103,17 @@ Le sens de dependance est unique : `endpoints` vers `services` vers `repositorie
 | `/api/v1/auth/logout` | Ferme la session courante | cookie, idempotente |
 | `/api/v1/auth/logout-all` | Ferme toutes les sessions du compte | jeton |
 | `/api/v1/auth/password` | Change son propre mot de passe | jeton |
+| `/api/v1/auth/forgot-password` | Demande un lien de réinitialisation par email | public |
+| `/api/v1/auth/reset-password` | Choisit un nouveau mot de passe depuis ce lien | public |
 | `/api/v1/auth/me` | Décrit le compte connecté | jeton |
 | `/api/v1/users` | Liste et crée des comptes | `admin` |
 | `/api/v1/users/{id}` | Change le rôle ou l'activation | `admin` |
 | `/api/v1/users/{id}/password-reset` | Réinitialise et ferme les sessions | `admin` |
+| `/api/v1/sites` | Liste les sites | `lecteur` |
+| `/api/v1/sites/{site_id}` | Décrit un site | `lecteur` |
+| `/api/v1/recommendations` | Liste les recommandations | `lecteur` |
+| `/api/v1/recommendations/{recommendation_id}` | Décrit une recommandation | `lecteur` |
+| `/api/v1/recommendations/generate` | Génère les recommandations depuis les alertes (POST) | `admin` |
 | `/metrics` | Métriques au format Prometheus | jeton si `APP_METRICS_TOKEN` |
 | `/docs`, `/openapi.json` | Documentation, fermée en `staging` et `prod` | public sinon |
 

apps/backend/TESTING.md

@@ -123,6 +123,11 @@ async def test_repository_reads_back_what_it_wrote(session: AsyncSession) -> Non
 defaut, ce qui garde `make check` jouable sans Docker. Tout autre marqueur doit etre
 declare dans `pyproject.toml` : `--strict-markers` refuse les marqueurs inconnus.
 
+Ces tests ne sont pas pour autant facultatifs : le job `integration` de
+`.github/workflows/backend.yml` monte un service TimescaleDB, applique les migrations et
+les joue a chaque poussee. Un test `integration` casse donc la CI comme un autre. En local,
+`make db-up` puis `make test-integration`.
+
 ## Couverture
 
 Les branches sont mesurees, pas seulement les lignes. Le seuil de 85 % ne s'applique
@@ -142,14 +147,27 @@ uv run pytest tests/api/test_health.py           # un seul fichier
 uv run pytest -k readiness                       # par motif de nom
 ```
 
-## Trois fichiers à connaître avant de toucher à l'authentification
+## Quatre fichiers à connaître avant de toucher à l'authentification
+
+`tests/api/acces.py` porte la classification des routes du contrat, en quatre ensembles :
+`ROUTES_PUBLIQUES`, `ROUTE_COOKIE`, `ROUTES_SANS_ROLE` et la table `ROLE_MINIMUM`. Ce n'est pas
+un fichier de test, c'est la référence que les trois autres confrontent au comportement observé.
+**Toute route ajoutée doit y être classée** : `test_every_declared_route_is_classified` échoue
+sinon, et échoue aussi sur une entrée qui ne correspond plus à aucune route.
 
 `tests/api/test_route_protection.py` interroge réellement chaque route sans identifiant et
 échoue si l'une d'elles répond autre chose qu'un 401 ou un 403. Il n'inspecte pas l'arbre de
 dépendances : celui-ci n'est accessible que par l'API privée de FastAPI, et surtout une route
 peut porter la bonne dépendance tout en répondant quand même. **Rendre une route publique impose
-donc de modifier la liste `ROUTES_PUBLIQUES` de ce fichier**, ce qui apparaît en clair dans la
+donc de modifier `ROUTES_PUBLIQUES` dans `acces.py`**, ce qui apparaît en clair dans la diff
-diff d'une pull request.
+d'une pull request.
+
+`tests/api/test_matrice_acces.py` croise chaque route gardée avec chacun des trois rôles, dans
+les deux sens : un rôle insuffisant reçoit un 403 `Droits insuffisants`, un rôle suffisant ne le
+reçoit jamais. Le second sens est ce qui rend visible une garde posée trop haut, par exemple
+`AdminDep` sur une route de lecture. La même matrice est rejouée sous `integration` avec de vrais
+jetons, donc en traversant le décodage du JWT et la relecture du compte en base, que
+`dependency_overrides` court-circuite.
 
 `tests/services/test_auth.py` donne au faux hacheur un **compteur d'appels**. C'est ce qui rend
 possibles les deux assertions qui prouvent la conception, et qu'aucune autre forme de test

apps/backend/alembic/versions/c0adab96238c_jetons_de_reinitialisation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+"""jetons et tentatives de reinitialisation de mot de passe
+
+Revision ID: c0adab96238c
+Revises: e6d2026091501
+Create Date: 2026-09-17 10:37:12.571314
+
+Meme schema que `refresh_token` pour `password_reset_token` : seule l'empreinte SHA-256 du
+jeton est stockee, jamais le jeton lui-meme, pour la meme raison (revocation en cascade,
+aucune session utilisable dans un pg_dump qui fuiterait).
+
+`password_reset_attempt` vit hors de `audit_log`, comme `login_attempt`, car son volume est
+pilote par l'attaquant : une campagne de demandes y ecrirait des lignes que l'audit, en ajout
+seul, ne devrait jamais purger.
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
+
+revision: str = "c0adab96238c"
+down_revision: str | Sequence[str] | None = "e6d2026091501"
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+
+JETONS_VIVANTS = "consumed_at is null"
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    op.create_table(
+        "password_reset_attempt",
+        sa.Column("id", sa.BigInteger(), sa.Identity(always=True), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column(
+            "occurred_at",
+            sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
+            server_default=sa.text("now()"),
+            nullable=False,
+        ),
+        sa.Column("email_tried", sa.String(length=320), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("client_ip", postgresql.INET(), nullable=True),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name="pk_password_reset_attempt"),
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "ix_password_reset_attempt_email_date",
+        "password_reset_attempt",
+        ["email_tried", "occurred_at"],
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "ix_password_reset_attempt_ip_date", "password_reset_attempt", ["client_ip", "occurred_at"]
+    )
+
+    op.create_table(
+        "password_reset_token",
+        sa.Column("id", sa.UUID(), server_default=sa.text("gen_random_uuid()"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("user_id", sa.UUID(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("token_hash", sa.LargeBinary(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column(
+            "issued_at",
+            sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
+            server_default=sa.text("now()"),
+            nullable=False,
+        ),
+        sa.Column("expires_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("consumed_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("client_ip", postgresql.INET(), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("user_agent", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["user_id"],
+            ["app_user.id"],
+            name="fk_password_reset_token_user",
+            ondelete="CASCADE",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name="pk_password_reset_token"),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("token_hash", name="uq_password_reset_token_hash"),
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_password_reset_token_user", "password_reset_token", ["user_id"])
+    op.create_index(
+        "ix_password_reset_token_vivants",
+        "password_reset_token",
+        ["user_id"],
+        postgresql_where=JETONS_VIVANTS,
+    )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_index(
+        "ix_password_reset_token_vivants",
+        table_name="password_reset_token",
+        postgresql_where=JETONS_VIVANTS,
+    )
+    op.drop_index("ix_password_reset_token_user", table_name="password_reset_token")
+    op.drop_table("password_reset_token")
+    op.drop_index("ix_password_reset_attempt_ip_date", table_name="password_reset_attempt")
+    op.drop_index("ix_password_reset_attempt_email_date", table_name="password_reset_attempt")
+    op.drop_table("password_reset_attempt")

apps/backend/app/api/deps.py

@@ -16,16 +16,31 @@ from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from app.core.config import Settings, get_settings
 from app.core.hashing import Argon2Hasher, build_hasher
+from app.core.mailer import Mailer, SmtpConfig
 from app.core.principal import Principal
 from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role, has_at_least
 from app.core.security import TokenExpiredError, TokenInvalidError, TokenPolicy
 from app.core.security import decode_access_token as decode_token
 from app.db.session import get_session
+from app.repositories.alert import AlertRepository
 from app.repositories.audit_log import AuditLogRepository
 from app.repositories.login_attempt import LoginAttemptRepository
+from app.repositories.password_reset_attempt import PasswordResetAttemptRepository
+from app.repositories.password_reset_token import PasswordResetTokenRepository
+from app.repositories.prediction import PredictionRepository
+from app.repositories.reading import ReadingRepository
+from app.repositories.recommendation import RecommendationRepository
 from app.repositories.refresh_token import RefreshTokenRepository
+from app.repositories.site import SiteRepository
 from app.repositories.user import UserRepository
-from app.services.auth import AuthService, LoginPolicy
+from app.services.alert import AlertService
+from app.services.auth import AuthService, LoginPolicy, PasswordResetPolicy
+from app.services.prediction import PredictionService
+from app.services.reading import ReadingService
+from app.services.recommendation import RecommendationService
+from app.services.sensor import SensorService
+from app.services.site import SiteService
+from app.services.stats import StatsService
 from app.services.user import UserService
 
 SessionDep = Annotated[AsyncSession, Depends(get_session)]
@@ -88,11 +103,27 @@ def get_client_ip(request: Request, settings: SettingsDep) -> str | None:
     return request.client.host if request.client else None
 
 
+def get_mailer(settings: SettingsDep) -> Mailer:
+    return Mailer(
+        SmtpConfig(
+            host=settings.smtp_host,
+            port=settings.smtp_port,
+            username=settings.smtp_username,
+            password=(
+                settings.smtp_password.get_secret_value() if settings.smtp_password else None
+            ),
+            use_tls=settings.smtp_use_tls,
+            from_address=settings.smtp_from_address,
+        )
+    )
+
+
 def get_auth_service(
     session: SessionDep,
     settings: SettingsDep,
     hasher: Annotated[Argon2Hasher, Depends(get_hasher)],
     token_policy: Annotated[TokenPolicy, Depends(get_token_policy)],
+    mailer: Annotated[Mailer, Depends(get_mailer)],
 ) -> AuthService:
     return AuthService(
         users=UserRepository(session),
@@ -109,6 +140,16 @@ def get_auth_service(
             max_failures_per_identifier=settings.login_max_failures_per_identifier,
         ),
         refresh_ttl=timedelta(seconds=settings.refresh_token_ttl_seconds),
+        reset_tokens=PasswordResetTokenRepository(session),
+        reset_attempts=PasswordResetAttemptRepository(session),
+        reset_policy=PasswordResetPolicy(
+            window_seconds=settings.password_reset_window_seconds,
+            max_requests_per_identifier=settings.password_reset_max_requests_per_identifier,
+            max_requests_per_ip=settings.password_reset_max_requests_per_ip,
+            token_ttl=timedelta(seconds=settings.password_reset_ttl_seconds),
+            frontend_reset_url=settings.frontend_reset_password_url,
+        ),
+        mailer=mailer,
     )
 
 
@@ -131,6 +172,66 @@ def get_user_service(
 UserServiceDep = Annotated[UserService, Depends(get_user_service)]
 
 
+def get_site_service(session: SessionDep) -> SiteService:
+    return SiteService(sites=SiteRepository(session), readings=ReadingRepository(session))
+
+
+SiteServiceDep = Annotated[SiteService, Depends(get_site_service)]
+
+
+def get_alert_service(session: SessionDep) -> AlertService:
+    return AlertService(
+        alerts=AlertRepository(session),
+        readings=ReadingRepository(session),
+        predictions=PredictionRepository(session),
+        sites=SiteRepository(session),
+    )
+
+
+AlertServiceDep = Annotated[AlertService, Depends(get_alert_service)]
+
+
+def get_recommendation_service(session: SessionDep) -> RecommendationService:
+    return RecommendationService(
+        recommendations=RecommendationRepository(session),
+        alerts=AlertRepository(session),
+        transaction=session,
+    )
+
+
+RecommendationServiceDep = Annotated[RecommendationService, Depends(get_recommendation_service)]
+
+
+def get_stats_service(session: SessionDep) -> StatsService:
+    return StatsService(sites=SiteRepository(session), readings=ReadingRepository(session))
+
+
+StatsServiceDep = Annotated[StatsService, Depends(get_stats_service)]
+
+
+def get_reading_service(session: SessionDep) -> ReadingService:
+    return ReadingService(readings=ReadingRepository(session))
+
+
+ReadingServiceDep = Annotated[ReadingService, Depends(get_reading_service)]
+
+
+def get_sensor_service(session: SessionDep) -> SensorService:
+    return SensorService(sites=SiteRepository(session), readings=ReadingRepository(session))
+
+
+SensorServiceDep = Annotated[SensorService, Depends(get_sensor_service)]
+
+
+def get_prediction_service(session: SessionDep) -> PredictionService:
+    return PredictionService(
+        sites=SiteRepository(session), predictions=PredictionRepository(session)
+    )
+
+
+PredictionServiceDep = Annotated[PredictionService, Depends(get_prediction_service)]
+
+
 async def get_current_principal(
     credentials: CredentialsDep,
     session: SessionDep,

apps/backend/app/api/openapi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# Piège : `cookie_de_rafraichissement` est purement documentaire, d'où son `auto_error=False`.
+# Avec la valeur par défaut, FastAPI répondrait 403 avant d'atteindre `lit_le_cookie()`, et
+# `/auth/refresh` cesserait de rendre le 401 que le frontend attend.
+
+from typing import Any, Final
+
+from fastapi.security import APIKeyCookie
+
+from app.core.config import REFRESH_COOKIE_DEFAUT
+from app.schemas.errors import ErrorResponse, InternalErrorResponse, ValidationErrorResponse
+
+Reponses = dict[int | str, dict[str, Any]]
+
+SUMMARY: Final = "Collecte, analyse et restitution de séries temporelles énergétiques."
+
+DESCRIPTION: Final = """
+Toutes les routes sont préfixées par `/api/v1`.
+
+**Authentification.** Le jeton d'accès se présente dans l'en-tête `Authorization: Bearer ...`.
+Le jeton de rafraîchissement est un cookie `HttpOnly` que le code client ne voit jamais : il
+suffit d'émettre les requêtes avec les identifiants de session. `POST /auth/refresh` rend un
+nouveau jeton d'accès et fait tourner le cookie.
+
+**Rôles.** `lecteur`, puis `operateur`, puis `admin`. Chaque rôle couvre les droits du
+précédent.
+
+**Erreurs.** Le corps porte toujours une clé `detail`. Un `403` dont le `detail` vaut
+`password_change_required` n'est pas un refus de droits : il exige le changement du mot de passe
+provisoire avant toute autre action.
+
+Le parcours de session complet est décrit dans
+`docs/architecture/31-contrat-authentification.md`.
+"""
+
+TAGS: Final[list[dict[str, Any]]] = [
+    {
+        "name": "health",
+        "description": (
+            "Sondes d'infrastructure, publiques. `live` prouve que le processus répond, `ready` "
+            "que la base répond et que l'extension TimescaleDB est chargée."
+        ),
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "auth",
+        "description": (
+            "Ouverture, rotation et fermeture de session, et changement de son propre mot de passe."
+        ),
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "users",
+        "description": "Administration des comptes. Réservé au rôle `admin`.",
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "sites",
+        "description": "Consultation du parc de sites. Accessible à partir du rôle `lecteur`.",
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "alerts",
+        "description": "Consultation des alertes de consommation. Accessible à partir du rôle "
+        "`lecteur`.",
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "recommendations",
+        "description": (
+            "Consultation des recommandations issues des alertes. Accessible à partir du rôle "
+            "`lecteur`. Leur génération par le moteur de règles est réservée au rôle `admin`."
+        ),
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "stats",
+        "description": "Statistiques agrégées de consommation. Accessible à partir du rôle "
+        "`lecteur`.",
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "readings",
+        "description": (
+            "Historique des lectures de consommation. Fenêtre temporelle plafonnée à 90 jours, "
+            "24 dernières heures par défaut si `start`/`end` sont omis. Accessible à partir du "
+            "rôle `lecteur`."
+        ),
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "sensors",
+        "description": "État de santé des capteurs par site. Réservé au rôle `admin`.",
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "predictions",
+        "description": (
+            "Dernière prévision de consommation par site, calculée hors ligne par le pipeline "
+            "de scoring (`ml/`) et simplement lue ici. Accessible à partir du rôle `lecteur`."
+        ),
+    },
+]
+
+cookie_de_rafraichissement = APIKeyCookie(
+    name=REFRESH_COOKIE_DEFAUT,
+    scheme_name="Cookie de rafraîchissement",
+    description=(
+        "Cookie `HttpOnly` posé par `/auth/login` et tourné par `/auth/refresh`. Il prend le "
+        "préfixe `__Secure-` dès que l'API tourne derrière TLS, et n'est émis que vers "
+        "`/api/v1/auth`."
+    ),
+    auto_error=False,
+)
+
+# Le 422 n'est déclaré que sur les routes qui acceptent un corps ou un paramètre : ailleurs,
+# aucune validation ne peut échouer et l'annoncer serait faux.
+REPONSE_VALIDATION: Final[Reponses] = {
+    422: {
+        "model": ValidationErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "Corps invalide. Le détail nomme le champ fautif et le type d'erreur, jamais la "
+            "valeur envoyée."
+        ),
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSE_SERVEUR: Final[Reponses] = {
+    500: {
+        "model": InternalErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "Erreur interne. `correlation` identifie la trace côté serveur, qui n'est pas "
+            "renvoyée au client."
+        ),
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSE_INDISPONIBLE: Final[Reponses] = {
+    503: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": "Base injoignable, ou extension TimescaleDB absente de la base.",
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSES_AUTHENTIFIEES: Final[Reponses] = {
+    401: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "Jeton absent, illisible, périmé, ou rendu caduc par un changement de rôle ou une "
+            "désactivation. L'en-tête `WWW-Authenticate` porte la cause dans `error=`."
+        ),
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSES_ADMIN: Final[Reponses] = {
+    **REPONSES_AUTHENTIFIEES,
+    403: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "Droits insuffisants, ou mot de passe provisoire à changer quand `detail` vaut "
+            "`password_change_required`."
+        ),
+    },
+}
+
+# `lecteur` est le rôle minimum : `require_role` n'y refuse jamais un 403 pour droits
+# insuffisants, seulement pour le mot de passe provisoire.
+REPONSES_LECTEUR: Final[Reponses] = {
+    **REPONSES_AUTHENTIFIEES,
+    403: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "Mot de passe provisoire à changer (`detail` vaut `password_change_required`)."
+        ),
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSE_ORIGINE_REFUSEE: Final[Reponses] = {
+    403: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": "Origine non autorisée (protection CSRF de `require_trusted_origin`).",
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSE_LIMITE: Final[Reponses] = {
+    429: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": "Trop de demandes sur cette fenêtre glissante.",
+        "headers": {
+            "Retry-After": {
+                "description": "Secondes à attendre avant une nouvelle tentative.",
+                "schema": {"type": "integer"},
+            }
+        },
+    },
+}

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/alerts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+from app.api.deps import AlertServiceDep, LecteurDep
+from app.api.openapi import REPONSE_VALIDATION
+from app.schemas.alert import AlertResponse, AlertSeverity
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "",
+    response_model=list[AlertResponse],
+    summary="Liste les alertes",
+    responses=REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+)
+async def list_alerts(
+    _: LecteurDep,
+    service: AlertServiceDep,
+    site_id: str | None = None,
+    severity: AlertSeverity | None = None,
+) -> list[AlertResponse]:
+    alertes = await service.list_all(site_id=site_id, severity=severity)
+    return [AlertResponse.model_validate(alerte) for alerte in alertes]

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/auth.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # d'accès ne va jamais dans un cookie. C'est ce qui réduit la surface CSRF aux trois routes de
 # ce module : partout ailleurs, le navigateur n'attache rien de lui-même.
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, Response, status
+from fastapi import APIRouter, BackgroundTasks, Depends, HTTPException, Request, Response, status
 
 from app.api.deps import (
     AuthServiceDep,
@@ -11,17 +11,30 @@ from app.api.deps import (
     get_client_ip,
     require_trusted_origin,
 )
+from app.api.openapi import (
+    REPONSE_LIMITE,
+    REPONSE_ORIGINE_REFUSEE,
+    REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    REPONSES_AUTHENTIFIEES,
+    Reponses,
+    cookie_de_rafraichissement,
+)
 from app.core.cookies import RefreshCookie, cookie_name
 from app.core.logging import get_logger
 from app.schemas.auth import (
+    ForgotPasswordRequest,
     LoginRequest,
     PasswordChangeRequest,
     PrincipalResponse,
+    ResetPasswordRequest,
+    ResetTokenValidationResponse,
     TokenResponse,
 )
+from app.schemas.errors import ErrorResponse
 from app.services.auth import (
     AuthenticatedSession,
     InvalidCredentialsError,
+    InvalidOrExpiredResetTokenError,
     RateLimitedError,
     SessionRejectedError,
 )
@@ -31,6 +44,66 @@ logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 DETAIL_IDENTIFIANTS = "Identifiants invalides"
 DETAIL_SESSION = "Session invalide"
+DETAIL_LIEN_RESET = "Lien invalide ou expiré"
+
+REPONSES_LOGIN: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    401: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "Identifiants faux, compte inconnu ou compte désactivé. Le message est le même dans "
+            "les trois cas, et n'apprend donc rien sur l'existence du compte."
+        ),
+    },
+    429: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": "Trop de tentatives sur cette fenêtre glissante.",
+        "headers": {
+            "Retry-After": {
+                "description": "Secondes à attendre avant une nouvelle tentative.",
+                "schema": {"type": "integer"},
+            }
+        },
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSES_REFRESH: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_ORIGINE_REFUSEE,
+    401: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "Cookie absent, session expirée, révoquée, ou jeton déjà tourné. Dans ce dernier cas "
+            "toute la famille de sessions est révoquée et le cookie est effacé avec la réponse."
+        ),
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSES_LOGOUT: Reponses = {**REPONSE_ORIGINE_REFUSEE}
+
+REPONSES_LOGOUT_ALL: Reponses = {**REPONSES_AUTHENTIFIEES, **REPONSE_ORIGINE_REFUSEE}
+
+REPONSES_MOT_DE_PASSE: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    **REPONSE_ORIGINE_REFUSEE,
+    401: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": "Jeton d'accès invalide, ou mot de passe courant faux.",
+    },
+}
+
+REPONSES_FORGOT_PASSWORD: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    **REPONSE_LIMITE,
+}
+
+REPONSES_RESET_PASSWORD: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    **REPONSE_ORIGINE_REFUSEE,
+    400: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": "Lien invalide, déjà utilisé, ou expiré (durée de vie : 15 minutes).",
+    },
+}
 
 
 def repond(
@@ -61,7 +134,12 @@ def lit_le_cookie(request: Request, settings: SettingsDep) -> str:
     return secret
 
 
-@router.post("/login", response_model=TokenResponse, summary="Ouvre une session")
+@router.post(
+    "/login",
+    response_model=TokenResponse,
+    summary="Ouvre une session",
+    responses=REPONSES_LOGIN,
+)
 async def login(
     payload: LoginRequest,
     request: Request,
@@ -98,7 +176,8 @@ async def login(
     "/refresh",
     response_model=TokenResponse,
     summary="Fait tourner la session",
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_trusted_origin)],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_trusted_origin), Depends(cookie_de_rafraichissement)],
+    responses=REPONSES_REFRESH,
 )
 async def refresh(
     request: Request,
@@ -133,7 +212,8 @@ async def refresh(
     "/logout",
     status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT,
     summary="Ferme la session courante",
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_trusted_origin)],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_trusted_origin), Depends(cookie_de_rafraichissement)],
+    responses=REPONSES_LOGOUT,
 )
 async def logout(
     request: Request, response: Response, settings: SettingsDep, service: AuthServiceDep
@@ -150,6 +230,7 @@ async def logout(
     status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT,
     summary="Ferme toutes les sessions du compte",
     dependencies=[Depends(require_trusted_origin)],
+    responses=REPONSES_LOGOUT_ALL,
 )
 async def logout_all(
     principal: CurrentPrincipalDep,
@@ -163,7 +244,12 @@ async def logout_all(
     response.delete_cookie(**RefreshCookie.expired(settings).as_deletion_kwargs())
 
 
-@router.get("/me", response_model=PrincipalResponse, summary="Décrit le compte connecté")
+@router.get(
+    "/me",
+    response_model=PrincipalResponse,
+    summary="Décrit le compte connecté",
+    responses=REPONSES_AUTHENTIFIEES,
+)
 async def me(principal: CurrentPrincipalDep) -> PrincipalResponse:
     return PrincipalResponse.from_principal(principal)
 
@@ -173,6 +259,7 @@ async def me(principal: CurrentPrincipalDep) -> PrincipalResponse:
     response_model=TokenResponse,
     summary="Change son propre mot de passe",
     dependencies=[Depends(require_trusted_origin)],
+    responses=REPONSES_MOT_DE_PASSE,
 )
 async def change_password(
     payload: PasswordChangeRequest,
@@ -200,3 +287,79 @@ async def change_password(
 
     logger.info("auth.password_changed user_id=%s", principal.id)
     return repond(response, settings, session)
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "/forgot-password",
+    status_code=status.HTTP_202_ACCEPTED,
+    summary="Demande un lien de réinitialisation par email",
+    responses=REPONSES_FORGOT_PASSWORD,
+)
+async def forgot_password(
+    payload: ForgotPasswordRequest,
+    request: Request,
+    response: Response,
+    service: AuthServiceDep,
+    background_tasks: BackgroundTasks,
+    client_ip: str | None = Depends(get_client_ip),
+) -> None:
+    response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "no-store"
+
+    try:
+        await service.request_password_reset(
+            email=payload.email,
+            client_ip=client_ip,
+            user_agent=request.headers.get("user-agent"),
+            background_tasks=background_tasks,
+        )
+    except RateLimitedError as erreur:
+        logger.warning("auth.password_reset.rate_limited ip=%s", client_ip)
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
+            detail="Trop de demandes, réessayez plus tard",
+            headers={"Retry-After": str(erreur.retry_after)},
+        ) from erreur
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/reset-password/validate",
+    response_model=ResetTokenValidationResponse,
+    summary="Vérifie sans le consommer si un lien de réinitialisation est encore valide",
+    responses=REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+)
+async def validate_reset_token(token: str, service: AuthServiceDep) -> ResetTokenValidationResponse:
+    return ResetTokenValidationResponse(valid=await service.is_reset_token_valid(token=token))
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "/reset-password",
+    response_model=TokenResponse,
+    summary="Choisit un nouveau mot de passe depuis un lien reçu par email",
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_trusted_origin)],
+    responses=REPONSES_RESET_PASSWORD,
+)
+async def reset_password(
+    payload: ResetPasswordRequest,
+    request: Request,
+    response: Response,
+    settings: SettingsDep,
+    service: AuthServiceDep,
+    client_ip: str | None = Depends(get_client_ip),
+) -> TokenResponse:
+    response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "no-store"
+
+    try:
+        session = await service.confirm_password_reset(
+            token=payload.token,
+            new_password=payload.new_password,
+            client_ip=client_ip,
+            user_agent=request.headers.get("user-agent"),
+        )
+    except InvalidOrExpiredResetTokenError as erreur:
+        logger.warning("auth.password_reset.invalid_token ip=%s", client_ip)
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST, detail=DETAIL_LIEN_RESET
+        ) from erreur
+
+    logger.info("auth.password_reset.success user_id=%s", session.principal.id)
+    return repond(response, settings, session)

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/health.py

@@ -3,16 +3,17 @@ from sqlalchemy import text
 from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
 
 from app.api.deps import SessionDep, SettingsDep
+from app.api.openapi import REPONSE_INDISPONIBLE
 from app.core.logging import get_logger
 from app.schemas.health import LivenessStatus, ReadinessStatus
 
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
-router = APIRouter(tags=["health"])
+router = APIRouter()
 
 TIMESCALEDB_VERSION = text("SELECT extversion FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'timescaledb'")
 
 
-@router.get("/live", summary="Sonde de vivacite")
+@router.get("/live", summary="Sonde de vivacité")
 async def liveness(settings: SettingsDep) -> LivenessStatus:
     return LivenessStatus(
         status="ok",
@@ -22,11 +23,13 @@ async def liveness(settings: SettingsDep) -> LivenessStatus:
     )
 
 
-@router.get("/ready", summary="Sonde de disponibilite")
+@router.get("/ready", summary="Sonde de disponibilité", responses=REPONSE_INDISPONIBLE)
 async def readiness(session: SessionDep) -> ReadinessStatus:
     try:
         version: str | None = await session.scalar(TIMESCALEDB_VERSION)
-    except SQLAlchemyError, OSError:
+    # `# fmt: skip` contourne un bug de ruff format 0.16.7 : il retire les parenthèses de ce
+    # `except` à deux types, ce qui produit une syntaxe invalide (`except A, B:`).
+    except (SQLAlchemyError, OSError):  # fmt: skip
         logger.exception("Base de données injoignable")
         raise HTTPException(
             status_code=status.HTTP_503_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/predictions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+from app.api.deps import LecteurDep, PredictionServiceDep
+from app.schemas.prediction import PredictionSummaryResponse
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "",
+    response_model=PredictionSummaryResponse,
+    summary="Dernière prédiction de consommation par site",
+)
+async def get_predictions(
+    _: LecteurDep, service: PredictionServiceDep
+) -> PredictionSummaryResponse:
+    resume = await service.summary()
+    return PredictionSummaryResponse.model_validate(resume)

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/readings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Query, status
+
+from app.api.deps import LecteurDep, ReadingServiceDep
+from app.api.openapi import REPONSE_VALIDATION, Reponses
+from app.schemas.errors import ErrorResponse
+from app.schemas.reading import ReadingResponse
+from app.services.reading import FenetreInverseeError, FenetreTropLargeError
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+REPONSES_FENETRE: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    400: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "Fenêtre temporelle invalide : `start` postérieur ou égal à `end`, ou écart entre "
+            "les deux supérieur à 90 jours."
+        ),
+    },
+}
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "",
+    response_model=list[ReadingResponse],
+    summary="Liste l'historique des lectures",
+    responses=REPONSES_FENETRE,
+)
+async def list_readings(
+    _: LecteurDep,
+    service: ReadingServiceDep,
+    site_id: str | None = None,
+    start: datetime | None = None,
+    end: datetime | None = None,
+    limit: int = Query(500, ge=1, le=2000),
+    offset: int = Query(0, ge=0),
+) -> list[ReadingResponse]:
+    try:
+        lectures = await service.list_history(
+            site_id=site_id, start=start, end=end, limit=limit, offset=offset
+        )
+    except FenetreInverseeError as erreur:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="`start` doit être strictement antérieur à `end`",
+        ) from erreur
+    except FenetreTropLargeError as erreur:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="L'écart entre `start` et `end` ne peut pas dépasser 90 jours",
+        ) from erreur
+    return [ReadingResponse.model_validate(lecture) for lecture in lectures]

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/recommendations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, status
+
+from app.api.deps import AdminDep, LecteurDep, RecommendationServiceDep
+from app.api.openapi import REPONSE_VALIDATION, REPONSES_ADMIN, Reponses
+from app.schemas.errors import ErrorResponse
+from app.schemas.recommendation import (
+    RecommendationGenerationResponse,
+    RecommendationResponse,
+)
+from app.services.recommendation import RecommendationNotFoundError
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+REPONSES_GENERATION: Reponses = {**REPONSES_ADMIN, **REPONSE_VALIDATION}
+
+REPONSES_INTROUVABLE: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    404: {"model": ErrorResponse, "description": "Aucune recommandation ne porte cet identifiant."},
+}
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=list[RecommendationResponse], summary="Liste les recommandations")
+async def list_recommendations(
+    _: LecteurDep, service: RecommendationServiceDep
+) -> list[RecommendationResponse]:
+    recommendations = await service.list_all()
+    return [RecommendationResponse.model_validate(r) for r in recommendations]
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{recommendation_id}",
+    response_model=RecommendationResponse,
+    summary="Décrit une recommandation",
+    responses=REPONSES_INTROUVABLE,
+)
+async def get_recommendation(
+    recommendation_id: int, _: LecteurDep, service: RecommendationServiceDep
+) -> RecommendationResponse:
+    try:
+        recommendation = await service.get_by_id(recommendation_id)
+    except RecommendationNotFoundError as erreur:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Recommandation introuvable"
+        ) from erreur
+    return RecommendationResponse.model_validate(recommendation)
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "/generate",
+    response_model=RecommendationGenerationResponse,
+    summary="Génère les recommandations à partir des alertes",
+    responses=REPONSES_GENERATION,
+)
+async def generate_recommendations(
+    _: AdminDep,
+    service: RecommendationServiceDep,
+    site_id: str | None = None,
+) -> RecommendationGenerationResponse:
+    rapport = await service.generate(site_id=site_id)
+    return RecommendationGenerationResponse(
+        alerts_examined=rapport.alertes_examinees,
+        recommendations_created=rapport.recommandations_creees,
+        already_present=rapport.deja_presentes,
+    )

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/sensors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+from app.api.deps import AdminDep, SensorServiceDep
+from app.schemas.sensor import SensorStatusResponse
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/status",
+    response_model=SensorStatusResponse,
+    summary="État de santé des capteurs par site",
+)
+async def get_status(_: AdminDep, service: SensorServiceDep) -> SensorStatusResponse:
+    etat = await service.status()
+    return SensorStatusResponse.model_validate(etat)

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/sites.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, status
+
+from app.api.deps import LecteurDep, SiteServiceDep
+from app.api.openapi import REPONSE_VALIDATION, Reponses
+from app.schemas.errors import ErrorResponse
+from app.schemas.site import SiteCurrentResponse, SiteResponse
+from app.services.site import SiteNotFoundError
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+REPONSES_INTROUVABLE: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    404: {"model": ErrorResponse, "description": "Aucun site ne porte cet identifiant."},
+}
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=list[SiteResponse], summary="Liste les sites")
+async def list_sites(_: LecteurDep, service: SiteServiceDep) -> list[SiteResponse]:
+    sites = await service.list_all()
+    return [SiteResponse.model_validate(site) for site in sites]
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{site_id}",
+    response_model=SiteResponse,
+    summary="Décrit un site",
+    responses=REPONSES_INTROUVABLE,
+)
+async def get_site(site_id: str, _: LecteurDep, service: SiteServiceDep) -> SiteResponse:
+    try:
+        site = await service.get_by_id(site_id)
+    except SiteNotFoundError as erreur:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Site introuvable"
+        ) from erreur
+    return SiteResponse.model_validate(site)
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{site_id}/current",
+    response_model=SiteCurrentResponse,
+    summary="Dernière mesure d'un site",
+    responses=REPONSES_INTROUVABLE,
+)
+async def get_current(site_id: str, _: LecteurDep, service: SiteServiceDep) -> SiteCurrentResponse:
+    try:
+        actuel = await service.current(site_id)
+    except SiteNotFoundError as erreur:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Site introuvable"
+        ) from erreur
+    return SiteCurrentResponse.model_validate(actuel)

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/stats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+from app.api.deps import LecteurDep, StatsServiceDep
+from app.schemas.stats import StatsSummaryResponse
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/summary",
+    response_model=StatsSummaryResponse,
+    summary="Résume la consommation instantanée du parc",
+)
+async def get_summary(_: LecteurDep, service: StatsServiceDep) -> StatsSummaryResponse:
+    resume = await service.summary()
+    return StatsSummaryResponse.model_validate(resume)

apps/backend/app/api/v1/endpoints/users.py

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ from uuid import UUID
 from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Response, status
 
 from app.api.deps import AdminDep, UserServiceDep
+from app.api.openapi import REPONSE_VALIDATION, Reponses
 from app.core.logging import get_logger
+from app.schemas.errors import ErrorResponse
 from app.schemas.user import (
     TemporaryPasswordResponse,
     UserCreateRequest,
@@ -15,6 +17,28 @@ from app.services.user import EmailAlreadyUsedError, LastAdminError, UserNotFoun
 router = APIRouter()
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
+REPONSES_CREATION: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    409: {"model": ErrorResponse, "description": "Adresse déjà portée par un autre compte."},
+}
+
+REPONSES_INTROUVABLE: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSE_VALIDATION,
+    404: {"model": ErrorResponse, "description": "Aucun compte ne porte cet identifiant."},
+}
+
+REPONSES_MODIFICATION: Reponses = {
+    **REPONSES_INTROUVABLE,
+    400: {"model": ErrorResponse, "description": "Corps vide, aucune modification demandée."},
+    409: {
+        "model": ErrorResponse,
+        "description": (
+            "L'opération laisserait la plateforme sans administrateur actif, qu'il s'agisse de "
+            "rétrograder le dernier ou de le désactiver."
+        ),
+    },
+}
+
 
 @router.get("", response_model=list[UserResponse], summary="Liste les comptes")
 async def list_users(_: AdminDep, service: UserServiceDep) -> list[UserResponse]:
@@ -27,6 +51,7 @@ async def list_users(_: AdminDep, service: UserServiceDep) -> list[UserResponse]
     response_model=TemporaryPasswordResponse,
     status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
     summary="Crée un compte avec un mot de passe provisoire",
+    responses=REPONSES_CREATION,
 )
 async def create_user(
     payload: UserCreateRequest,
@@ -55,7 +80,12 @@ async def create_user(
     )
 
 
-@router.patch("/{user_id}", response_model=UserResponse, summary="Change le rôle ou l'activation")
+@router.patch(
+    "/{user_id}",
+    response_model=UserResponse,
+    summary="Change le rôle ou l'activation",
+    responses=REPONSES_MODIFICATION,
+)
 async def update_user(
     user_id: UUID,
     payload: UserUpdateRequest,
@@ -92,6 +122,7 @@ async def update_user(
     "/{user_id}/password-reset",
     response_model=TemporaryPasswordResponse,
     summary="Réinitialise le mot de passe et ferme les sessions",
+    responses=REPONSES_INTROUVABLE,
 )
 async def reset_password(
     user_id: UUID, acteur: AdminDep, service: UserServiceDep, response: Response

apps/backend/app/api/v1/router.py

@@ -1,8 +1,40 @@
 from fastapi import APIRouter
 
-from app.api.v1.endpoints import auth, health, users
+from app.api.openapi import REPONSE_SERVEUR, REPONSES_ADMIN, REPONSES_LECTEUR
+from app.api.v1.endpoints import (
+    alerts,
+    auth,
+    health,
+    predictions,
+    readings,
+    recommendations,
+    sensors,
+    sites,
+    stats,
+    users,
+)
 
-api_router = APIRouter()
+api_router = APIRouter(responses=REPONSE_SERVEUR)
 api_router.include_router(health.router, prefix="/health", tags=["health"])
 api_router.include_router(auth.router, prefix="/auth", tags=["auth"])
-api_router.include_router(users.router, prefix="/users", tags=["users"])
+api_router.include_router(users.router, prefix="/users", tags=["users"], responses=REPONSES_ADMIN)
+api_router.include_router(sites.router, prefix="/sites", tags=["sites"], responses=REPONSES_LECTEUR)
+api_router.include_router(
+    alerts.router, prefix="/alerts", tags=["alerts"], responses=REPONSES_LECTEUR
+)
+api_router.include_router(
+    recommendations.router,
+    prefix="/recommendations",
+    tags=["recommendations"],
+    responses=REPONSES_LECTEUR,
+)
+api_router.include_router(stats.router, prefix="/stats", tags=["stats"], responses=REPONSES_LECTEUR)
+api_router.include_router(
+    readings.router, prefix="/readings", tags=["readings"], responses=REPONSES_LECTEUR
+)
+api_router.include_router(
+    sensors.router, prefix="/sensors", tags=["sensors"], responses=REPONSES_ADMIN
+)
+api_router.include_router(
+    predictions.router, prefix="/predictions", tags=["predictions"], responses=REPONSES_LECTEUR
+)

apps/backend/app/cli.py

@@ -7,18 +7,29 @@
 
 import argparse
 import asyncio
+import json
 import secrets
+import string
 import sys
 from getpass import getpass
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+from pydantic import SecretStr
 
 from app.core.config import Settings, get_settings
 from app.core.hashing import build_hasher
 from app.core.roles import Role
 from app.db.session import get_session_factory
+from app.main import create_app
+from app.repositories.alert import AlertRepository
+from app.repositories.recommendation import RecommendationRepository
 from app.repositories.user import UserRepository
+from app.schemas.auth import PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH, SPECIAL_CHARACTERS, valide_complexite
+from app.services.recommendation import RecommendationService
 
 LONGUEUR_MOT_DE_PASSE_GENERE = 24
-LONGUEUR_MINIMALE = 12
+CHEMIN_CONTRAT = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent / "openapi.json"
 
 
 async def create_admin(
@@ -55,6 +66,51 @@ async def create_admin(
     )
 
 
+async def generate_recommendations(*, site_id: str | None) -> str:
+    async with get_session_factory()() as session:
+        service = RecommendationService(
+            recommendations=RecommendationRepository(session),
+            alerts=AlertRepository(session),
+            transaction=session,
+        )
+        rapport = await service.generate(site_id=site_id)
+
+    return (
+        f"{rapport.alertes_examinees} alerte(s) examinée(s), "
+        f"{rapport.recommandations_creees} recommandation(s) créée(s), "
+        f"{rapport.deja_presentes} déjà présente(s)"
+    )
+
+
+# Piège : le schéma ne doit dépendre ni du `.env` du poste ni des variables `APP_*`, sinon le
+# fichier versionné changerait de machine en machine et le test de dérive deviendrait un oracle
+# de configuration locale. Tout ce qui atteint le schéma est donc posé ici, `_env_file` compris.
+def settings_du_contrat() -> Settings:
+    return Settings(
+        _env_file=None,
+        name="EnerVision API",
+        version="0.1.0",
+        env="local",
+        api_prefix="/api/v1",
+        secret_key=SecretStr("contrat-openapi-sans-effet-sur-le-schema"),
+        database_url="postgresql+asyncpg://openapi:contrat@localhost:5432/enervision",
+    )
+
+
+def schema_du_contrat() -> dict[str, Any]:
+    schema: dict[str, Any] = create_app(settings_du_contrat()).openapi()
+    return schema
+
+
+def rend_le_contrat() -> str:
+    return json.dumps(schema_du_contrat(), indent=2, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n"
+
+
+def export_openapi(destination: Path) -> str:
+    destination.write_text(rend_le_contrat(), encoding="utf-8")
+    return f"Contrat OpenAPI écrit dans {destination}"
+
+
 def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog="python -m app.cli", description="Outils EnerVision")
     sous_commandes = parser.add_subparsers(dest="commande", required=True)
@@ -67,18 +123,50 @@ def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
     admin.add_argument(
         "--force", action="store_true", help="Crée le compte même si un administrateur existe"
     )
+
+    contrat = sous_commandes.add_parser(
+        "export-openapi", help="Écrit le contrat OpenAPI sur disque"
+    )
+    contrat.add_argument("--output", default=str(CHEMIN_CONTRAT))
+
+    recommandations = sous_commandes.add_parser(
+        "generate-recommendations",
+        help="Applique le moteur de règles aux alertes en base",
+    )
+    recommandations.add_argument(
+        "--site-id", default=None, help="Limite le traitement aux alertes d'un site"
+    )
     return parser
 
 
+def genere_mot_de_passe() -> str:
+    tirage = secrets.SystemRandom()
+    classes = [
+        string.ascii_uppercase,
+        string.ascii_lowercase,
+        string.digits,
+        SPECIAL_CHARACTERS,
+    ]
+    reste = LONGUEUR_MOT_DE_PASSE_GENERE - len(classes)
+    caracteres = [tirage.choice(classe) for classe in classes]
+    caracteres += [tirage.choice("".join(classes)) for _ in range(reste)]
+    tirage.shuffle(caracteres)
+    return "".join(caracteres)
+
+
 def read_password(*, generate: bool) -> str:
     if generate:
-        mot_de_passe = secrets.token_urlsafe(LONGUEUR_MOT_DE_PASSE_GENERE)
+        mot_de_passe = genere_mot_de_passe()
         print(f"Mot de passe généré, il ne sera plus affiché : {mot_de_passe}")
         return mot_de_passe
 
     mot_de_passe = getpass("Mot de passe : ")
-    if len(mot_de_passe) < LONGUEUR_MINIMALE:
+    if len(mot_de_passe) < PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH:
-        raise SystemExit(f"Le mot de passe doit faire au moins {LONGUEUR_MINIMALE} caractères")
+        raise SystemExit(f"Le mot de passe doit faire au moins {PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH} caractères")
+    try:
+        valide_complexite(mot_de_passe)
+    except ValueError as erreur:
+        raise SystemExit(str(erreur)) from erreur
     if mot_de_passe != getpass("Confirmation : "):
         raise SystemExit("Les deux saisies diffèrent")
     return mot_de_passe
@@ -86,6 +174,15 @@ def read_password(*, generate: bool) -> str:
 
 def main(argv: list[str] | None = None) -> int:
     arguments = build_parser().parse_args(argv)
+
+    if arguments.commande == "export-openapi":
+        print(export_openapi(Path(arguments.output)))
+        return 0
+
+    if arguments.commande == "generate-recommendations":
+        print(asyncio.run(generate_recommendations(site_id=arguments.site_id)))
+        return 0
+
     mot_de_passe = read_password(generate=arguments.generate)
 
     succes, message = asyncio.run(

apps/backend/app/core/config.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ Environment = Literal["local", "dev", "staging", "prod"]
 SameSite = Literal["lax", "strict", "none"]
 
 SECRET_KEY_MIN_LENGTH = 32
+REFRESH_COOKIE_DEFAUT = "ev_refresh"
 SENTINELLES_INTERDITES = frozenset(
     {"change_me", "changeme", "secret", "secret-de-test", "changez-moi", "todo"}
 )
@@ -33,12 +34,17 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     database_pool_size: int = 5
     database_max_overflow: int = 10
 
+    mock_api_base_url: str = "https://api-mock.charlieandre.fr"
+    mock_api_username: str | None = None
+    mock_api_password: SecretStr | None = None
+    mock_api_timeout_seconds: float = Field(default=10.0, gt=0)
+
     jwt_issuer: str = "enervision-api"
     jwt_audience: str = "enervision-web"
     access_token_ttl_seconds: int = Field(default=900, ge=60, le=3600)
     refresh_token_ttl_seconds: int = Field(default=604800, ge=3600, le=2592000)
 
-    refresh_cookie_name: str = "ev_refresh"
+    refresh_cookie_name: str = REFRESH_COOKIE_DEFAUT
     cookie_path: str = "/api/v1/auth"
     cookie_samesite: SameSite = "strict"
     cookie_secure: bool | None = None
@@ -53,6 +59,19 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     login_max_failures_per_ip: int = Field(default=20, ge=1)
     login_max_failures_per_identifier: int = Field(default=50, ge=1)
 
+    password_reset_ttl_seconds: int = Field(default=900, ge=60, le=3600)
+    password_reset_window_seconds: int = Field(default=900, ge=60)
+    password_reset_max_requests_per_identifier: int = Field(default=3, ge=1)
+    password_reset_max_requests_per_ip: int = Field(default=10, ge=1)
+
+    smtp_host: str = "localhost"
+    smtp_port: int = Field(default=587, ge=1, le=65535)
+    smtp_username: str | None = None
+    smtp_password: SecretStr | None = None
+    smtp_use_tls: bool = False
+    smtp_from_address: str = "no-reply@enervision.fr"
+    frontend_reset_password_url: str = "http://localhost:4200/reset-password"  # noqa: S105
+
     trust_proxy_headers: bool = False
     expose_api_docs: bool | None = None
     metrics_token: SecretStr | None = None

apps/backend/app/core/mailer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Piège : l'URL de réinitialisation porte le jeton en clair. Ne jamais la journaliser :
+# `send_password_reset_email()` ne logue que le destinataire, jamais `reset_url`.
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from email.message import EmailMessage
+
+import aiosmtplib
+
+from app.core.logging import get_logger
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class SmtpConfig:
+    host: str
+    port: int
+    username: str | None
+    password: str | None
+    use_tls: bool
+    from_address: str
+
+
+class Mailer:
+    def __init__(self, config: SmtpConfig) -> None:
+        self._config = config
+
+    async def send_password_reset_email(self, *, to: str, reset_url: str) -> None:
+        message = EmailMessage()
+        message["From"] = self._config.from_address
+        message["To"] = to
+        message["Subject"] = "Réinitialisation de votre mot de passe EnerVision"
+        message.set_content(
+            "Une réinitialisation de mot de passe a été demandée pour ce compte.\n\n"
+            f"Ouvrez ce lien dans les 15 minutes pour choisir un nouveau mot de passe : "
+            f"{reset_url}\n\n"
+            "Si vous n'êtes pas à l'origine de cette demande, ignorez cet email."
+        )
+
+        _, message_recu = await aiosmtplib.send(
+            message,
+            hostname=self._config.host,
+            port=self._config.port,
+            username=self._config.username,
+            password=self._config.password,
+            use_tls=self._config.use_tls,
+        )
+        logger.info("mailer.password_reset_sent to=%s smtp_response=%s", to, message_recu)

apps/backend/app/detection/internal_alerts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Détection d'alertes internes EnerVision (issue #104) : script lancé à la main pour l'instant,
+# comme `enervision_ml.score` côté ML, sans automatisation Airflow pour l'ordonnancer.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import sys
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+from app.core.config import get_settings
+from app.db.session import get_session_factory
+from app.repositories.alert import AlertRepository
+from app.repositories.prediction import PredictionRepository
+from app.repositories.reading import ReadingRepository
+from app.repositories.site import SiteRepository
+from app.services.alert import AlertService
+
+
+async def run_detection(*, now: datetime | None = None, site_id: str | None = None) -> int:
+    """Exécute les cinq règles de détection et enregistre les nouvelles alertes. Rend le nombre de
+    lignes effectivement insérées (les doublons de `source_alert_id` sont silencieusement
+    ignorés)."""
+    async with get_session_factory()() as session:
+        service = AlertService(
+            alerts=AlertRepository(session),
+            readings=ReadingRepository(session),
+            predictions=PredictionRepository(session),
+            sites=SiteRepository(session),
+        )
+        nouvelles = await service.detect(now=now, site_id=site_id)
+        await session.commit()
+    return len(nouvelles)
+
+
+def _parse_instant(valeur: str) -> datetime:
+    instant = datetime.fromisoformat(valeur)
+    return instant if instant.tzinfo is not None else instant.replace(tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+def parse_args(argv: list[str] | None = None) -> argparse.Namespace:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        prog="python -m app.detection.internal_alerts",
+        description="Détection d'alertes internes EnerVision",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--site-id", default=None, help="Limite la détection à un seul site.")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--now",
+        type=_parse_instant,
+        default=None,
+        help=(
+            "Instant de référence (ISO 8601, UTC si le fuseau est omis). Défaut : l'heure courante."
+        ),
+    )
+    return parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+
+def main(argv: list[str] | None = None) -> int:
+    args = parse_args(argv)
+    # Échoue tôt si `APP_SECRET_KEY`/`DATABASE_URL` manquent, avant toute requête à la base.
+    get_settings()
+    nombre = asyncio.run(run_detection(now=args.now, site_id=args.site_id))
+    print(f"{nombre} nouvelle(s) alerte(s) enregistrée(s).")
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    sys.exit(main())

apps/backend/app/etl/historical_import.py

@@ -0,0 +1,621 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import hashlib
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, cast
+
+import pandas as pd
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncConnection, create_async_engine
+
+from app.core.config import get_settings
+
+REQUIRED_COLUMNS = {
+    "timestamp",
+    "site_id",
+    "site_type",
+    "site_name",
+    "consumption_kwh",
+    "consumption_euros",
+    "temperature_celsius",
+    "humidity_percent",
+    "solar_irradiance_wm2",
+    "hour",
+    "day_of_week",
+    "day_name",
+    "month",
+    "is_weekend",
+    "is_working_hours",
+}
+
+MEASURE_COLUMNS = [
+    "consumption_kwh",
+    "consumption_euros",
+    "temperature_celsius",
+    "humidity_percent",
+    "solar_irradiance_wm2",
+]
+
+SOURCE_NAME = "csv"
+
+
+def compute_sha256(path: Path) -> str:
+    """Calcule l'empreinte SHA-256 du fichier source."""
+    sha256 = hashlib.sha256()
+
+    with path.open("rb") as source:
+        for block in iter(lambda: source.read(1024 * 1024), b""):
+            sha256.update(block)
+
+    return sha256.hexdigest()
+
+
+def load_metadata(path: Path) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Charge les métadonnées fournies avec le dataset."""
+    with path.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as source:
+        metadata = json.load(source)
+
+    if not isinstance(metadata, dict):
+        raise ValueError("Le fichier de métadonnées doit contenir un objet JSON.")
+
+    return cast(dict[str, Any], metadata)
+
+
+def classify_quality(
+    row: dict[str, Any],
+) -> tuple[str, list[str]]:
+    """
+    Déduit une qualité technique à partir des champs manquants.
+
+    Les valeurs NULL sont conservées. On ne cherche pas ici à
+    déterminer la cause physique exacte de leur absence.
+    """
+    missing = [column for column in MEASURE_COLUMNS if pd.isna(row.get(column))]
+
+    if not missing:
+        quality = "good"
+    elif len(missing) == len(MEASURE_COLUMNS):
+        quality = "critical"
+    elif "consumption_kwh" in missing:
+        quality = "degraded"
+    else:
+        quality = "partial"
+
+    reasons = [f"missing:{column}" for column in missing]
+
+    return quality, reasons
+
+
+def validate_source(
+    frame: pd.DataFrame,
+    metadata: dict[str, Any],
+) -> None:
+    """Valide le dataset avant tout chargement en base."""
+    missing_columns = REQUIRED_COLUMNS.difference(frame.columns)
+
+    if missing_columns:
+        raise ValueError(f"Colonnes obligatoires absentes : {sorted(missing_columns)}")
+
+    expected_records = int(metadata["total_records"])
+
+    if len(frame) != expected_records:
+        raise ValueError(f"Nombre de lignes inattendu : {len(frame)} au lieu de {expected_records}")
+
+    expected_sites = set(metadata["sites"].keys())
+    actual_sites = set(frame["site_id"].unique())
+
+    if actual_sites != expected_sites:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Sites incohérents. Attendus={sorted(expected_sites)}, trouvés={sorted(actual_sites)}"
+        )
+
+    duplicated = frame.duplicated(subset=["site_id", "timestamp"]).sum()
+
+    if duplicated:
+        raise ValueError(f"{duplicated} doublons (site_id, timestamp) détectés")
+
+    static_variants = frame.groupby("site_id")[["site_type", "site_name"]].nunique()
+
+    if (static_variants > 1).any().any():
+        raise ValueError("Un site possède plusieurs valeurs de site_type ou site_name.")
+
+    # Vérifie également que tous les timestamps
+    # peuvent être interprétés correctement.
+    pd.to_datetime(
+        frame["timestamp"],
+        errors="raise",
+    )
+
+
+def normalize_timestamps(
+    frame: pd.DataFrame,
+    source_timezone: str,
+) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    """
+    Normalise les timestamps et leur associe une timezone.
+
+    Les timestamps originaux sont conservés dans une colonne
+    temporaire afin de pouvoir les stocker dans raw_data.
+    """
+    normalized = frame.copy()
+
+    normalized["_source_timestamp"] = normalized["timestamp"]
+
+    timestamps = pd.to_datetime(
+        normalized["timestamp"],
+        errors="raise",
+    )
+
+    if timestamps.dt.tz is None:
+        timestamps = timestamps.dt.tz_localize(source_timezone)
+    else:
+        timestamps = timestamps.dt.tz_convert(source_timezone)
+
+    normalized["timestamp"] = timestamps
+
+    return normalized
+
+
+def to_json_value(value: Any) -> Any:
+    """
+    Convertit une valeur Pandas/Numpy en valeur
+    compatible JSON.
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        if pd.isna(value):
+            return None
+    except TypeError, ValueError:
+        pass
+
+    if isinstance(value, pd.Timestamp):
+        return value.isoformat()
+
+    if hasattr(value, "item"):
+        return value.item()
+
+    return value
+
+
+async def ensure_dataset(
+    connection: AsyncConnection,
+    metadata: dict[str, Any],
+    sha256: str,
+    source_timezone: str,
+    storage_uri: str,
+) -> int:
+    """
+    Crée l'entrée dataset si elle n'existe pas.
+
+    Le SHA-256 permet de reconnaître un fichier déjà importé
+    et participe à l'idempotence et à la traçabilité.
+    """
+    result = await connection.execute(
+        text(
+            """
+            SELECT dataset_id
+            FROM dataset
+            WHERE archive_sha256 = :sha256
+            LIMIT 1
+            """
+        ),
+        {
+            "sha256": sha256,
+        },
+    )
+
+    existing = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+
+    if existing is not None:
+        return int(existing)
+
+    metadata_summary = {
+        "generator_version": metadata.get("generator_version"),
+        "total_sites": metadata.get("total_sites"),
+        "total_records": metadata.get("total_records"),
+        "date_range": metadata.get("date_range"),
+        "frequency": metadata.get("frequency"),
+        "null_injection_enabled": metadata.get("null_injection_enabled"),
+        "null_strategies": metadata.get("null_strategies"),
+        "importer": "historical_import_v1",
+    }
+
+    result = await connection.execute(
+        text(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO dataset (
+                dataset_name,
+                archive_sha256,
+                storage_uri,
+                source_timezone,
+                "metadata"
+            )
+            VALUES (
+                :dataset_name,
+                :archive_sha256,
+                :storage_uri,
+                :source_timezone,
+                CAST(:metadata AS jsonb)
+            )
+            RETURNING dataset_id
+            """
+        ),
+        {
+            "dataset_name": ("EnerVision historical dataset 2023-2024"),
+            "archive_sha256": sha256,
+            "storage_uri": storage_uri,
+            "source_timezone": source_timezone,
+            "metadata": json.dumps(
+                metadata_summary,
+                ensure_ascii=False,
+            ),
+        },
+    )
+
+    return int(result.scalar_one())
+
+
+async def upsert_sites(
+    connection: AsyncConnection,
+    frame: pd.DataFrame,
+) -> None:
+    """Insère ou met à jour les sites du dataset."""
+    sites = cast(
+        list[dict[str, Any]],
+        frame[
+            [
+                "site_id",
+                "site_type",
+                "site_name",
+            ]
+        ]
+        .drop_duplicates(subset=["site_id"])
+        .to_dict(orient="records"),
+    )
+
+    await connection.execute(
+        text(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO site (
+                site_id,
+                site_type,
+                site_name
+            )
+            VALUES (
+                :site_id,
+                :site_type,
+                :site_name
+            )
+            ON CONFLICT (site_id)
+            DO UPDATE SET
+                site_type = EXCLUDED.site_type,
+                site_name = EXCLUDED.site_name
+            """
+        ),
+        sites,
+    )
+
+
+def build_reading_batch(
+    chunk: pd.DataFrame,
+    dataset_id: int,
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    """
+    Transforme un chunk Pandas en lignes prêtes
+    à être chargées dans la table reading.
+    """
+    rows: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+
+    records = cast(
+        list[dict[str, Any]],
+        chunk.to_dict(orient="records"),
+    )
+
+    for record in records:
+        quality, reasons = classify_quality(record)
+
+        raw_data = {
+            column: to_json_value(value)
+            for column, value in record.items()
+            if column != "_source_timestamp"
+        }
+
+        # Dans raw_data, on conserve le timestamp
+        # exactement tel qu'il était dans le CSV.
+        raw_data["timestamp"] = to_json_value(record["_source_timestamp"])
+
+        rows.append(
+            {
+                "site_id": record["site_id"],
+                "timestamp": record["timestamp"],
+                "source": SOURCE_NAME,
+                "dataset_id": dataset_id,
+                # Non fourni par le dataset historique.
+                "consumption_kw": None,
+                "consumption_kwh": to_json_value(record["consumption_kwh"]),
+                "consumption_euros": to_json_value(record["consumption_euros"]),
+                # Non fournis par le CSV historique.
+                "voltage_v": None,
+                "current_a": None,
+                "power_factor": None,
+                "temperature_celsius": (to_json_value(record["temperature_celsius"])),
+                "humidity_percent": (to_json_value(record["humidity_percent"])),
+                "solar_irradiance_wm2": (to_json_value(record["solar_irradiance_wm2"])),
+                "is_working_hours": bool(record["is_working_hours"]),
+                "data_quality": quality,
+                "null_reasons": reasons,
+                # Aucune imputation pendant l'ingestion RAW.
+                # Les valeurs manquantes sont conservées telles quelles
+                # afin de préserver la donnée source.
+                "imputed_values": None,
+                "imputation_method": None,
+                # Conservation de la donnée source
+                # pour la traçabilité.
+                "raw_data": json.dumps(
+                    raw_data,
+                    ensure_ascii=False,
+                ),
+            }
+        )
+
+    return rows
+
+
+READING_INSERT = text(
+    """
+    INSERT INTO reading (
+        site_id,
+        timestamp,
+        source,
+        dataset_id,
+        consumption_kw,
+        consumption_kwh,
+        consumption_euros,
+        voltage_v,
+        current_a,
+        power_factor,
+        temperature_celsius,
+        humidity_percent,
+        solar_irradiance_wm2,
+        is_working_hours,
+        data_quality,
+        null_reasons,
+        imputed_values,
+        imputation_method,
+        raw_data
+    )
+    VALUES (
+        :site_id,
+        :timestamp,
+        :source,
+        :dataset_id,
+        :consumption_kw,
+        :consumption_kwh,
+        :consumption_euros,
+        :voltage_v,
+        :current_a,
+        :power_factor,
+        :temperature_celsius,
+        :humidity_percent,
+        :solar_irradiance_wm2,
+        :is_working_hours,
+        :data_quality,
+        :null_reasons,
+        CAST(:imputed_values AS jsonb),
+        :imputation_method,
+        CAST(:raw_data AS jsonb)
+    )
+    ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING
+    """
+)
+
+
+async def import_historical(
+    csv_path: Path,
+    metadata_path: Path,
+    source_timezone: str,
+    batch_size: int,
+    dry_run: bool,
+    storage_uri: str,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Exécute le pipeline ETL historique EnerVision.
+
+    Étapes :
+    1. Extract
+    2. Validate
+    3. Transform
+    4. Load
+    """
+    metadata = load_metadata(metadata_path)
+
+    frame = pd.read_csv(csv_path)
+
+    validate_source(
+        frame,
+        metadata,
+    )
+
+    print(f"Lignes             : {len(frame)}")
+    print(f"Sites              : {frame['site_id'].nunique()}")
+    print(f"Période            : {frame['timestamp'].min()} -> {frame['timestamp'].max()}")
+    print(f"Doublons           : {frame.duplicated(['site_id', 'timestamp']).sum()}")
+
+    print("\nValeurs NULL :")
+    print(frame[MEASURE_COLUMNS].isna().sum())
+
+    sha256 = compute_sha256(csv_path)
+
+    print(f"\nSHA-256            : {sha256}")
+
+    if dry_run:
+        print("\nDry-run terminé : aucune donnée écrite.")
+        return
+
+    normalized = normalize_timestamps(
+        frame,
+        source_timezone,
+    )
+
+    settings = get_settings()
+
+    engine = create_async_engine(
+        str(settings.database_url),
+        pool_pre_ping=True,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        async with engine.begin() as connection:
+            dataset_id = await ensure_dataset(
+                connection=connection,
+                metadata=metadata,
+                sha256=sha256,
+                source_timezone=source_timezone,
+                storage_uri=storage_uri,
+            )
+
+            await upsert_sites(
+                connection,
+                normalized,
+            )
+
+            result = await connection.execute(
+                text(
+                    """
+                    SELECT COUNT(*)
+                    FROM reading
+                    WHERE dataset_id = :dataset_id
+                      AND source = :source
+                    """
+                ),
+                {
+                    "dataset_id": dataset_id,
+                    "source": SOURCE_NAME,
+                },
+            )
+
+            before = int(result.scalar_one())
+
+            for start in range(
+                0,
+                len(normalized),
+                batch_size,
+            ):
+                chunk = normalized.iloc[start : start + batch_size]
+
+                rows = build_reading_batch(
+                    chunk,
+                    dataset_id,
+                )
+
+                await connection.execute(
+                    READING_INSERT,
+                    rows,
+                )
+
+                loaded = min(
+                    start + batch_size,
+                    len(normalized),
+                )
+
+                print(f"Chargement : {loaded}/{len(normalized)}")
+
+            result = await connection.execute(
+                text(
+                    """
+                    SELECT COUNT(*)
+                    FROM reading
+                    WHERE dataset_id = :dataset_id
+                      AND source = :source
+                    """
+                ),
+                {
+                    "dataset_id": dataset_id,
+                    "source": SOURCE_NAME,
+                },
+            )
+
+            after = int(result.scalar_one())
+
+            print("\nImport terminé.")
+            print(f"dataset_id         : {dataset_id}")
+            print(f"lectures avant     : {before}")
+            print(f"lectures après     : {after}")
+            print(f"nouvelles lectures : {after - before}")
+
+    finally:
+        await engine.dispose()
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    """Définit les arguments CLI de l'import."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=("Import historique EnerVision"))
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--csv",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help="Chemin vers le CSV historique.",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--metadata",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help=("Chemin vers le fichier dataset_metadata.json."),
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--source-timezone",
+        default="UTC",
+        help=("Timezone associée aux timestamps du dataset. Défaut : UTC."),
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--batch-size",
+        type=int,
+        default=1000,
+        help=("Nombre de lignes insérées par batch. Défaut : 1000."),
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--dry-run",
+        action="store_true",
+        help=("Valide les données sans écrire en base."),
+    )
+
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """Point d'entrée CLI du pipeline."""
+    args = parse_args()
+
+    if args.batch_size <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("--batch-size doit être strictement supérieur à 0.")
+
+    # resolve() est volontairement exécuté ici,
+    # dans la partie synchrone du programme.
+    # Cela évite une opération filesystem bloquante
+    # à l'intérieur d'une fonction async.
+    storage_uri = args.csv.resolve().as_uri()
+
+    asyncio.run(
+        import_historical(
+            csv_path=args.csv,
+            metadata_path=args.metadata,
+            source_timezone=(args.source_timezone),
+            batch_size=args.batch_size,
+            dry_run=args.dry_run,
+            storage_uri=storage_uri,
+        )
+    )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

apps/backend/app/etl/mock_api_import.py

@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+# Contrainte : la réponse de l'API Mock est une entrée hostile, pas une source de confiance.
+# Voir OWASP API10 dans docs/architecture/owasp-traceabilite.md. Rien de ce qu'elle renvoie
+# n'atteint la base sans passer par build_site_row() ou build_reading_row() : seuls les champs
+# attendus sont recopiés, les grandeurs physiques sont bornées par PHYSICAL_BOUNDS et la taille
+# des tableaux est plafonnée par MAX_SITES et par --limit. Une valeur hors bornes devient NULL
+# et laisse sa trace dans null_reasons plutôt que de lever : le mock émet des anomalies par
+# construction, et raw_data conserve de toute façon la réponse d'origine intacte.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import json
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any
+
+import httpx
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncConnection, create_async_engine
+
+from app.core.config import get_settings
+
+SOURCE_HISTORY = "api_history"
+
+MAX_SITES = 100
+
+MAX_LIMIT = 1000
+
+# Les quatre seules valeurs que la contrainte ck_reading_quality accepte.
+ACCEPTED_QUALITIES = frozenset({"good", "partial", "degraded", "critical"})
+
+PHYSICAL_BOUNDS: dict[str, tuple[float, float]] = {
+    "consumption_kw": (0.0, 100_000.0),
+    "consumption_kwh": (0.0, 100_000.0),
+    "voltage_v": (0.0, 1_000.0),
+    "current_a": (0.0, 10_000.0),
+    "power_factor": (0.0, 1.0),
+    "temperature_celsius": (-90.0, 60.0),
+    "humidity_percent": (0.0, 100.0),
+}
+
+CAPACITY_BOUNDS = (0.0, 100_000.0)
+
+
+def create_mock_api_client() -> httpx.AsyncClient:
+    settings = get_settings()
+
+    if settings.mock_api_username is None or settings.mock_api_password is None:
+        raise ValueError("Les identifiants de l'API Mock ne sont pas configurés.")
+
+    return httpx.AsyncClient(
+        base_url=settings.mock_api_base_url.rstrip("/"),
+        auth=(
+            settings.mock_api_username,
+            settings.mock_api_password.get_secret_value(),
+        ),
+        timeout=settings.mock_api_timeout_seconds,
+    )
+
+
+def read_text(payload: dict[str, Any], key: str) -> str:
+    value = payload.get(key)
+
+    if not isinstance(value, str) or not value:
+        raise ValueError(f"Champ {key} absent ou invalide dans la réponse de l'API Mock.")
+
+    return value
+
+
+def optional_text(value: Any) -> str | None:
+    return value if isinstance(value, str) else None
+
+
+def coerce_measure(
+    value: Any,
+    bounds: tuple[float, float],
+) -> float | None:
+    if isinstance(value, bool) or not isinstance(value, int | float):
+        return None
+
+    lower, upper = bounds
+
+    # Écarte aussi NaN et les infinis, qu'aucune comparaison de bornes ne retient.
+    return float(value) if lower <= value <= upper else None
+
+
+def resolve_quality(
+    value: Any,
+    rejected: list[str],
+) -> str | None:
+    quality = value if isinstance(value, str) and value in ACCEPTED_QUALITIES else None
+
+    if rejected:
+        return "critical" if quality == "critical" else "degraded"
+
+    return quality
+
+
+def resolve_null_reasons(
+    value: Any,
+    rejected: list[str],
+) -> list[str]:
+    reported = [str(reason) for reason in value] if isinstance(value, list) else []
+
+    return reported + rejected
+
+
+async def fetch_sites(
+    client: httpx.AsyncClient,
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites")
+
+    response.raise_for_status()
+
+    payload = response.json()
+
+    if not isinstance(payload, list):
+        raise ValueError("La réponse /api/v1/sites doit être une liste.")
+
+    if len(payload) > MAX_SITES:
+        raise ValueError(f"La réponse /api/v1/sites dépasse le plafond de {MAX_SITES} sites.")
+
+    return payload
+
+
+def build_site_row(
+    site: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "site_id": read_text(site, "site_id"),
+        "site_type": read_text(site, "site_type"),
+        "site_name": read_text(site, "site_name"),
+        "location": optional_text(site.get("location")),
+        "capacity_kw": coerce_measure(site.get("capacity_kw"), CAPACITY_BOUNDS),
+        "status": optional_text(site.get("status")),
+    }
+
+
+async def upsert_sites(
+    connection: AsyncConnection,
+    sites: list[dict[str, Any]],
+) -> None:
+    rows = [build_site_row(site) for site in sites]
+
+    if not rows:
+        return
+
+    await connection.execute(
+        text(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO site (
+                site_id,
+                site_type,
+                site_name,
+                location,
+                capacity_kw,
+                status
+            )
+            VALUES (
+                :site_id,
+                :site_type,
+                :site_name,
+                :location,
+                :capacity_kw,
+                :status
+            )
+            ON CONFLICT (site_id)
+            DO UPDATE SET
+                site_type = EXCLUDED.site_type,
+                site_name = EXCLUDED.site_name,
+                location = EXCLUDED.location,
+                capacity_kw = EXCLUDED.capacity_kw,
+                status = EXCLUDED.status
+            """
+        ),
+        rows,
+    )
+
+
+async def fetch_readings(
+    client: httpx.AsyncClient,
+    site_id: str,
+    start_time: datetime,
+    end_time: datetime,
+    limit: int = MAX_LIMIT,
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    response = await client.get(
+        "/api/v1/readings",
+        params={
+            "site_id": site_id,
+            "start_time": start_time.isoformat(),
+            "end_time": end_time.isoformat(),
+            "limit": limit,
+        },
+    )
+
+    response.raise_for_status()
+
+    payload = response.json()
+
+    if not isinstance(payload, list):
+        raise ValueError("La réponse /api/v1/readings doit être une liste.")
+
+    if len(payload) > limit:
+        raise ValueError(f"La réponse /api/v1/readings dépasse la limite demandée de {limit}.")
+
+    return payload
+
+
+def build_reading_row(
+    reading: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    measures: dict[str, float | None] = {}
+    rejected: list[str] = []
+
+    for name, bounds in PHYSICAL_BOUNDS.items():
+        received = reading.get(name)
+        measures[name] = coerce_measure(received, bounds)
+
+        if received is not None and measures[name] is None:
+            rejected.append(f"out_of_physical_bounds:{name}")
+
+    return {
+        "site_id": read_text(reading, "site_id"),
+        "timestamp": parse_datetime(read_text(reading, "timestamp")),
+        "source": SOURCE_HISTORY,
+        "dataset_id": None,
+        **measures,
+        "consumption_euros": None,
+        "solar_irradiance_wm2": None,
+        "is_working_hours": None,
+        "data_quality": resolve_quality(reading.get("data_quality"), rejected),
+        "null_reasons": resolve_null_reasons(reading.get("null_reasons"), rejected),
+        "imputed_values": None,
+        "imputation_method": None,
+        "raw_data": json.dumps(
+            reading,
+            ensure_ascii=False,
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+# Le conflit vise l'index unique uq_reading_source plutôt que la table entière : sans cible
+# nommée, DO NOTHING avalerait aussi une violation de clé primaire.
+READING_INSERT = text(
+    """
+    INSERT INTO reading (
+        site_id,
+        timestamp,
+        source,
+        dataset_id,
+        consumption_kw,
+        consumption_kwh,
+        consumption_euros,
+        voltage_v,
+        current_a,
+        power_factor,
+        temperature_celsius,
+        humidity_percent,
+        solar_irradiance_wm2,
+        is_working_hours,
+        data_quality,
+        null_reasons,
+        imputed_values,
+        imputation_method,
+        raw_data
+    )
+    VALUES (
+        :site_id,
+        :timestamp,
+        :source,
+        :dataset_id,
+        :consumption_kw,
+        :consumption_kwh,
+        :consumption_euros,
+        :voltage_v,
+        :current_a,
+        :power_factor,
+        :temperature_celsius,
+        :humidity_percent,
+        :solar_irradiance_wm2,
+        :is_working_hours,
+        :data_quality,
+        :null_reasons,
+        CAST(:imputed_values AS jsonb),
+        :imputation_method,
+        CAST(:raw_data AS jsonb)
+    )
+    ON CONFLICT (site_id, timestamp, source, (coalesce(dataset_id, 0)))
+    DO NOTHING
+    """
+)
+
+
+def build_reading_batch(
+    readings: list[dict[str, Any]],
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    return [build_reading_row(reading) for reading in readings]
+
+
+async def import_mock_api_history(
+    start_time: datetime,
+    end_time: datetime,
+    limit: int,
+    dry_run: bool,
+) -> None:
+    settings = get_settings()
+
+    async with create_mock_api_client() as client:
+        sites = await fetch_sites(client)
+
+        print(f"Sites récupérés : {len(sites)}")
+
+        all_readings: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+
+        for site in sites:
+            site_id = read_text(site, "site_id")
+
+            readings = await fetch_readings(
+                client=client,
+                site_id=site_id,
+                start_time=start_time,
+                end_time=end_time,
+                limit=limit,
+            )
+
+            print(f"{site_id}: {len(readings)} lectures")
+
+            all_readings.extend(readings)
+
+    print(f"Lectures récupérées : {len(all_readings)}")
+
+    if dry_run:
+        print("Dry-run terminé : aucune donnée écrite.")
+        return
+
+    engine = create_async_engine(
+        str(settings.database_url),
+        pool_pre_ping=True,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        async with engine.begin() as connection:
+            await upsert_sites(
+                connection,
+                sites,
+            )
+
+            rows = build_reading_batch(all_readings)
+
+            if rows:
+                await connection.execute(
+                    READING_INSERT,
+                    rows,
+                )
+
+    finally:
+        await engine.dispose()
+
+    print("Import API Mock terminé.")
+
+
+def parse_datetime(value: str) -> datetime:
+    return datetime.fromisoformat(value.replace("Z", "+00:00"))
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=("Import historique depuis l'API Mock EnerVision"))
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--start-time",
+        required=True,
+        type=parse_datetime,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--end-time",
+        required=True,
+        type=parse_datetime,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--limit",
+        type=int,
+        default=MAX_LIMIT,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--dry-run",
+        action="store_true",
+    )
+
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    args = parse_args()
+
+    if args.limit < 1 or args.limit > MAX_LIMIT:
+        raise ValueError(f"--limit doit être compris entre 1 et {MAX_LIMIT}.")
+
+    if args.start_time >= args.end_time:
+        raise ValueError("--start-time doit être antérieur à --end-time.")
+
+    asyncio.run(
+        import_mock_api_history(
+            start_time=args.start_time,
+            end_time=args.end_time,
+            limit=args.limit,
+            dry_run=args.dry_run,
+        )
+    )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

apps/backend/app/main.py

@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
 from collections.abc import AsyncIterator
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
 
 from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
 from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+from fastapi.openapi.docs import get_redoc_html, get_swagger_ui_html
+from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
 from prometheus_fastapi_instrumentator import Instrumentator
+from starlette.requests import Request
+from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse
 
 from app.api.errors import register_error_handlers
 from app.api.middleware import SecurityHeadersMiddleware
+from app.api.openapi import DESCRIPTION, SUMMARY, TAGS
 from app.api.security import require_metrics_token
 from app.api.v1.router import api_router
 from app.core.config import Settings, get_settings
@@ -17,6 +23,8 @@ logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 METHODES_AUTORISEES = ["GET", "POST", "PATCH", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS"]
 EN_TETES_AUTORISES = ["Authorization", "Content-Type"]
+STATIC_DIR = Path(__file__).parent / "static"
+LOGO_URL = "/static/logo-icon.png"
 
 
 @asynccontextmanager
@@ -37,13 +45,46 @@ def create_app(settings: Settings | None = None) -> FastAPI:
     application = FastAPI(
         title=resolved.name,
         version=resolved.version,
+        summary=SUMMARY,
+        description=DESCRIPTION,
+        openapi_tags=TAGS,
         debug=resolved.debug,
         lifespan=lifespan,
-        docs_url="/docs" if documentee else None,
+        docs_url=None,
-        redoc_url="/redoc" if documentee else None,
+        redoc_url=None,
         openapi_url="/openapi.json" if documentee else None,
     )
 
+    if documentee:
+        application.mount("/static", StaticFiles(directory=STATIC_DIR), name="static")
+
+        # ReDoc supporte nativement `info.x-logo` (extension Redocly) pour afficher un logo
+        # en en-tête ; Swagger UI n'a pas d'equivalent, il ne reprend que le favicon.
+        openapi_original = application.openapi
+
+        def openapi_avec_logo() -> dict[str, object]:
+            schema = openapi_original()
+            schema["info"]["x-logo"] = {"url": LOGO_URL, "altText": "EnerVision"}
+            return schema
+
+        application.openapi = openapi_avec_logo  # type: ignore[method-assign]
+
+        @application.get("/docs", include_in_schema=False)
+        async def docs_swagger(_: Request) -> HTMLResponse:
+            return get_swagger_ui_html(
+                openapi_url="/openapi.json",
+                title=f"{application.title} · Swagger UI",
+                swagger_favicon_url=LOGO_URL,
+            )
+
+        @application.get("/redoc", include_in_schema=False)
+        async def docs_redoc(_: Request) -> HTMLResponse:
+            return get_redoc_html(
+                openapi_url="/openapi.json",
+                title=f"{application.title} · ReDoc",
+                redoc_favicon_url=LOGO_URL,
+            )
+
     application.add_middleware(SecurityHeadersMiddleware)
 
     if resolved.allowed_origins:

apps/backend/app/models/__init__.py

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 from app.models.audit_log import AuditLog
 from app.models.energy import Alert, Dataset, Prediction, Reading, Recommendation, Site
 from app.models.login_attempt import LoginAttempt
+from app.models.password_reset_attempt import PasswordResetAttempt
+from app.models.password_reset_token import PasswordResetToken
 from app.models.refresh_token import RefreshToken
 from app.models.user import AppUser
 
@@ -13,6 +15,8 @@ __all__ = [
     "AuditLog",
     "Dataset",
     "LoginAttempt",
+    "PasswordResetAttempt",
+    "PasswordResetToken",
     "Prediction",
     "Reading",
     "Recommendation",

apps/backend/app/models/audit_log.py

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ class AuditAction(StrEnum):
     COMPTE_ACTIVE = "user.enabled"
     COMPTE_MOT_DE_PASSE_REINITIALISE = "user.password_reset_by_admin"
     COMPTE_MOT_DE_PASSE_CHANGE = "user.password_changed"
+    MOT_DE_PASSE_OUBLIE_DEMANDE = "auth.password_reset_requested"
+    MOT_DE_PASSE_REINITIALISE_PAR_SOI = "auth.password_reset_self_service"
     REFRESH_REUTILISE = "auth.refresh_reuse_detected"
     SESSIONS_REVOQUEES = "auth.all_sessions_revoked"
     LIMITE_PAR_IDENTIFIANT = "auth.identifier_throttled"

apps/backend/app/models/password_reset_attempt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Pourquoi : même séparation que `login_attempt` par rapport à `audit_log` : ce compteur est
+# piloté par l'attaquant (une campagne de demandes) et se purge, l'audit log est en ajout seul.
+# Piège : la tentative est enregistrée même quand l'email est inconnu, sinon le 429 apprendrait
+# qu'un compte existe.
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, DateTime, Identity, Index, String, func
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import INET
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+
+
+class PasswordResetAttempt(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "password_reset_attempt"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_password_reset_attempt_email_date", "email_tried", "occurred_at"),
+        Index("ix_password_reset_attempt_ip_date", "client_ip", "occurred_at"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(BigInteger, Identity(always=True), primary_key=True)
+    occurred_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=func.now()
+    )
+    email_tried: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(320), nullable=False)
+    client_ip: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(INET, nullable=True)

apps/backend/app/models/password_reset_token.py

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Pourquoi : même schéma que `refresh_token` (chaîne opaque, jamais un JWT) pour la même
+# raison : un jeton de réinitialisation doit être révocable d'un coup, et un JWT ne figure
+# dans aucune ligne à invalider.
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, Index, LargeBinary, Text, func
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import INET
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID as PG_UUID
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+
+
+class PasswordResetToken(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "password_reset_token"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_password_reset_token_user", "user_id"),
+        Index(
+            "ix_password_reset_token_vivants",
+            "user_id",
+            postgresql_where="consumed_at is null",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PG_UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, server_default=func.gen_random_uuid()
+    )
+    user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PG_UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("app_user.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False
+    )
+    token_hash: Mapped[bytes] = mapped_column(LargeBinary, nullable=False, unique=True)
+    issued_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=func.now()
+    )
+    expires_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False)
+    consumed_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    client_ip: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(INET, nullable=True)
+    user_agent: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)

apps/backend/app/repositories/alert.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import insert
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Alert
+
+
+class AlertRepository:
+    def __init__(self, session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+
+    async def list_all(
+        self, *, site_id: str | None = None, severity: str | None = None
+    ) -> Sequence[Alert]:
+        requete = select(Alert).order_by(Alert.timestamp.desc(), Alert.alert_id.desc())
+        if site_id is not None:
+            requete = requete.where(Alert.site_id == site_id)
+        if severity is not None:
+            requete = requete.where(Alert.severity == severity)
+        return (await self._session.scalars(requete)).all()
+
+    async def create_many(self, alerts: Sequence[Alert]) -> Sequence[Alert]:
+        # `ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING` sur `uq_alert_source_reference` : rejouer la détection sur une
+        # fenêtre qui recouvre une exécution précédente ne doit pas dupliquer une alerte déjà
+        # enregistrée. `RETURNING` ne renvoie donc que les lignes effectivement insérées.
+        if not alerts:
+            return []
+        valeurs = [
+            {
+                "source_alert_id": alerte.source_alert_id,
+                "site_id": alerte.site_id,
+                "source": alerte.source,
+                "timestamp": alerte.timestamp,
+                "type": alerte.type,
+                "severity": alerte.severity,
+                "message": alerte.message,
+                "value": alerte.value,
+                "threshold": alerte.threshold,
+                "metric": alerte.metric,
+                "prediction_id": alerte.prediction_id,
+                "raw_data": alerte.raw_data,
+            }
+            for alerte in alerts
+        ]
+        requete = (
+            insert(Alert)
+            .values(valeurs)
+            .on_conflict_do_nothing(constraint="uq_alert_source_reference")
+            .returning(Alert)
+        )
+        resultat = await self._session.execute(requete)
+        await self._session.flush()
+        return resultat.scalars().all()

apps/backend/app/repositories/password_reset_attempt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+
+from sqlalchemy import func, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.password_reset_attempt import PasswordResetAttempt
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class ResetRequestCounts:
+    per_identifier: int
+    per_ip: int
+
+
+class PasswordResetAttemptRepository:
+    def __init__(self, session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+
+    async def record(self, *, email: str, client_ip: str | None) -> None:
+        self._session.add(
+            PasswordResetAttempt(email_tried=email.strip().lower(), client_ip=client_ip)
+        )
+
+    async def count_recent(
+        self, *, email: str, client_ip: str | None, window_seconds: int
+    ) -> ResetRequestCounts:
+        identifiant = email.strip().lower()
+        meme_email = PasswordResetAttempt.email_tried == identifiant
+        meme_ip = PasswordResetAttempt.client_ip == client_ip
+
+        requete = select(
+            func.count().filter(meme_email),
+            func.count().filter(meme_ip),
+        ).where(
+            PasswordResetAttempt.occurred_at
+            > datetime.now(UTC) - timedelta(seconds=window_seconds),
+            meme_email | meme_ip,
+        )
+
+        par_identifiant, par_ip = (await self._session.execute(requete)).one()
+        return ResetRequestCounts(per_identifier=par_identifiant, per_ip=par_ip)

apps/backend/app/repositories/password_reset_token.py

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Piège : `consume()` est une seule instruction, sur le modèle de `claim_for_rotation()` du
+# jeton de rafraîchissement. Un SELECT puis un UPDATE laisseraient une fenêtre où deux
+# soumissions concurrentes du même lien réussiraient toutes les deux.
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import datetime
+from uuid import UUID
+
+from sqlalchemy import func, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.password_reset_token import PasswordResetToken
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class ConsumedResetToken:
+    id: UUID
+    user_id: UUID
+
+
+class PasswordResetTokenRepository:
+    def __init__(self, session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+
+    async def create(
+        self,
+        *,
+        user_id: UUID,
+        token_hash: bytes,
+        expires_at: datetime,
+        client_ip: str | None,
+        user_agent: str | None,
+    ) -> PasswordResetToken:
+        jeton = PasswordResetToken(
+            user_id=user_id,
+            token_hash=token_hash,
+            expires_at=expires_at,
+            client_ip=client_ip,
+            user_agent=user_agent,
+        )
+        self._session.add(jeton)
+        await self._session.flush()
+        return jeton
+
+    async def consume(self, token_hash: bytes) -> ConsumedResetToken | None:
+        requete = (
+            update(PasswordResetToken)
+            .where(
+                PasswordResetToken.token_hash == token_hash,
+                PasswordResetToken.consumed_at.is_(None),
+                PasswordResetToken.expires_at > func.clock_timestamp(),
+            )
+            .values(consumed_at=func.clock_timestamp())
+            .returning(PasswordResetToken.id, PasswordResetToken.user_id)
+        )
+        ligne = (await self._session.execute(requete)).one_or_none()
+        if ligne is None:
+            return None
+        return ConsumedResetToken(id=ligne.id, user_id=ligne.user_id)
+
+    # Piège : simple SELECT, volontairement pas atomique avec la consommation. Sert seulement
+    # au feedback UX (jeton encore valide ?) ; `consume()` reste la seule source de vérité.
+    async def exists_valid(self, token_hash: bytes) -> bool:
+        requete = select(PasswordResetToken.id).where(
+            PasswordResetToken.token_hash == token_hash,
+            PasswordResetToken.consumed_at.is_(None),
+            PasswordResetToken.expires_at > func.clock_timestamp(),
+        )
+        return (await self._session.execute(requete)).first() is not None
+
+    async def invalidate_all_for_user(self, user_id: UUID) -> int:
+        resultat = await self._session.execute(
+            update(PasswordResetToken)
+            .where(PasswordResetToken.user_id == user_id, PasswordResetToken.consumed_at.is_(None))
+            .values(consumed_at=func.clock_timestamp())
+            .returning(PasswordResetToken.id)
+        )
+        return len(resultat.all())

apps/backend/app/repositories/prediction.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Prediction
+
+
+class PredictionRepository:
+    def __init__(self, session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+
+    async def list_since(
+        self, *, since: datetime, site_id: str | None = None
+    ) -> Sequence[Prediction]:
+        # Restreint à `available` : une prévision `insufficient_data`/`error` n'a pas de
+        # `predicted_value` à comparer à une lecture réelle (détection d'anomalie).
+        # Piège : `prediction` n'a pas d'unicité sur `(site_id, target_at)` (cf.
+        # `enervision_ml.score`, qui insère toujours une nouvelle ligne plutôt que d'écraser la
+        # précédente). `prediction_id` en dernier départage donc les égalités de `target_at` par
+        # ordre croissant : `_detect_anomaly` construit un dict qui garde le dernier rencontré,
+        # c'est-à-dire le run le plus récent plutôt qu'une ligne choisie au hasard par le plan
+        # d'exécution.
+        requete = (
+            select(Prediction)
+            .where(Prediction.target_at >= since, Prediction.status == "available")
+            .order_by(Prediction.site_id, Prediction.target_at, Prediction.prediction_id)
+        )
+        if site_id is not None:
+            requete = requete.where(Prediction.site_id == site_id)
+        return (await self._session.scalars(requete)).all()
+
+    async def latest_by_site(self) -> Sequence[Prediction]:
+        # `.distinct(site_id)` compile en `DISTINCT ON (site_id)` sous PostgreSQL : une seule
+        # ligne par site, la plus récente grâce à l'ordre composite qui suit. Même mécanisme que
+        # `ReadingRepository.latest_by_site`. Trié sur `target_at` (couvert par
+        # `ix_prediction_site_target`) plutôt que `created_at` : c'est la prévision la plus
+        # récente qui compte pour un tableau de bord, pas forcément le dernier run de scoring.
+        requete = (
+            select(Prediction)
+            .distinct(Prediction.site_id)
+            .order_by(
+                Prediction.site_id,
+                Prediction.target_at.desc(),
+                Prediction.prediction_id.desc(),
+            )
+        )
+        return (await self._session.scalars(requete)).all()

apps/backend/app/repositories/reading.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Reading
+
+
+class ReadingRepository:
+    def __init__(self, session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+
+    async def latest_by_site(self) -> Sequence[Reading]:
+        # `.distinct(site_id)` compile en `DISTINCT ON (site_id)` sous PostgreSQL : une seule
+        # ligne par site, la plus récente grâce à l'ordre composite qui suit. `reading_id` départage
+        # les égalités de timestamp, que `uq_reading_source` autorise à `source` différente.
+        requete = (
+            select(Reading)
+            .distinct(Reading.site_id)
+            .order_by(Reading.site_id, Reading.timestamp.desc(), Reading.reading_id.desc())
+        )
+        return (await self._session.execute(requete)).scalars().all()
+
+    async def latest_for_site(self, site_id: str) -> Reading | None:
+        # Piège : `uq_reading_source` autorise deux lignes au même `site_id`+`timestamp` quand la
+        # `source` diffère. Sans `reading_id` en départage, le `LIMIT 1` renverrait au hasard.
+        requete = (
+            select(Reading)
+            .where(Reading.site_id == site_id)
+            .order_by(Reading.timestamp.desc(), Reading.reading_id.desc())
+            .limit(1)
+        )
+        lecture: Reading | None = await self._session.scalar(requete)
+        return lecture
+
+    async def list_since(self, *, since: datetime, site_id: str | None = None) -> Sequence[Reading]:
+        # Trié par site puis par heure croissante : la détection d'alertes (spike) a besoin de
+        # comparer chaque lecture à celle qui la précède immédiatement pour le même site.
+        # `reading_id` en dernier départage : `uq_reading_source` autorise deux lignes au même
+        # `site_id`+`timestamp` quand la `source` diffère (même piège que `latest_for_site`), sans
+        # quoi l'ordre entre elles ne serait pas garanti d'un appel à l'autre.
+        requete = (
+            select(Reading)
+            .where(Reading.timestamp >= since)
+            .order_by(Reading.site_id, Reading.timestamp, Reading.reading_id)
+        )
+        if site_id is not None:
+            requete = requete.where(Reading.site_id == site_id)
+        return (await self._session.scalars(requete)).all()
+
+    async def list_history(
+        self,
+        *,
+        start: datetime,
+        end: datetime,
+        site_id: str | None = None,
+        limit: int,
+        offset: int,
+    ) -> Sequence[Reading]:
+        requete = (
+            select(Reading)
+            .where(Reading.timestamp >= start, Reading.timestamp < end)
+            .order_by(Reading.timestamp.desc(), Reading.reading_id.desc())
+            .limit(limit)
+            .offset(offset)
+        )
+        if site_id is not None:
+            requete = requete.where(Reading.site_id == site_id)
+        return (await self._session.scalars(requete)).all()

apps/backend/app/repositories/recommendation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import insert
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Recommendation
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class NouvelleRecommandation:
+    alert_id: int
+    action: str
+    explanation: str
+    rule_reference: str
+
+
+TAILLE_DE_LOT = 1000
+
+
+class RecommendationRepository:
+    def __init__(self, session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+
+    async def list_all(self) -> Sequence[Recommendation]:
+        requete = select(Recommendation).order_by(Recommendation.recommendation_id)
+        return (await self._session.scalars(requete)).all()
+
+    async def get_by_id(self, recommendation_id: int) -> Recommendation | None:
+        requete = select(Recommendation).where(
+            Recommendation.recommendation_id == recommendation_id
+        )
+        recommendation: Recommendation | None = await self._session.scalar(requete)
+        return recommendation
+
+    # Pourquoi : l'idempotence est déléguée à `uq_recommendation_alert_rule` plutôt qu'à une
+    # lecture préalable, qui laisserait une fenêtre entre le contrôle et l'insertion.
+    async def create_missing(self, nouvelles: Sequence[NouvelleRecommandation]) -> int:
+        creees = 0
+        # Piège : asyncpg plafonne une requête à 32 767 paramètres, soit 8 191 lignes de quatre
+        # colonnes. Au-delà de ce seuil un `INSERT` d'un seul tenant échouerait.
+        for debut in range(0, len(nouvelles), TAILLE_DE_LOT):
+            requete = (
+                insert(Recommendation)
+                .values([asdict(nouvelle) for nouvelle in nouvelles[debut : debut + TAILLE_DE_LOT]])
+                .on_conflict_do_nothing(constraint="uq_recommendation_alert_rule")
+                .returning(Recommendation.recommendation_id)
+            )
+            creees += len((await self._session.scalars(requete)).all())
+        return creees

apps/backend/app/repositories/site.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Site
+
+
+class SiteRepository:
+    def __init__(self, session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        self._session = session
+
+    async def list_all(self) -> Sequence[Site]:
+        requete = select(Site).order_by(Site.site_id)
+        return (await self._session.scalars(requete)).all()
+
+    async def get_by_id(self, site_id: str) -> Site | None:
+        requete = select(Site).where(Site.site_id == site_id)
+        site: Site | None = await self._session.scalar(requete)
+        return site

apps/backend/app/schemas/alert.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from enum import StrEnum
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+class AlertType(StrEnum):
+    SPIKE = "spike"
+    THRESHOLD = "threshold"
+    ANOMALY = "anomaly"
+    OUTAGE = "outage"
+    SENSOR = "sensor"
+
+
+class AlertSeverity(StrEnum):
+    LOW = "low"
+    MEDIUM = "medium"
+    HIGH = "high"
+    CRITICAL = "critical"
+
+
+class AlertResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    alert_id: int
+    site_id: str
+    timestamp: datetime
+    type: AlertType
+    severity: AlertSeverity
+    message: str
+    value: float | None
+    threshold: float | None
+    metric: str | None
+    prediction_id: int | None

apps/backend/app/schemas/auth.py

@@ -1,17 +1,45 @@
 # Contrainte : le mot de passe est borné à 128 caractères. Sans plafond, une chaîne de dix
 # mégaoctets ferait travailler Argon2 gratuitement, à la charge du serveur.
+# Contrainte : `SPECIAL_CHARACTERS` doit rester identique à `password.validator.ts` côté
+# frontend. `\w`/`\d` divergent entre Python (Unicode) et JavaScript (ASCII) : une classe
+# explicite, plutôt qu'une négation, évite qu'un mot de passe soit accepté d'un côté et
+# rejeté de l'autre (ex. "Sécurité1", où "é" comptait comme "spécial" pour Python seul).
 
+import re
 from typing import Literal, Self
 from uuid import UUID
 
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, EmailStr, Field
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, EmailStr, Field, field_validator
 
 from app.core.principal import Principal
 from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
 
-PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH = 12
+PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH = 8
 PASSWORD_MAX_LENGTH = 128
 
+SPECIAL_CHARACTERS = "!@#$%^&*()-_=+[]{};:,.?"
+
+_MAJUSCULE = re.compile(r"[A-ZÀ-ÖØ-Þ]")
+_MINUSCULE = re.compile(r"[a-zà-öø-þ]")
+_CHIFFRE = re.compile(r"[0-9]")
+_SPECIAL = re.compile(r"[" + re.escape(SPECIAL_CHARACTERS) + r"]")
+
+
+def valide_complexite(mot_de_passe: str) -> str:
+    manquants = [
+        nom
+        for nom, motif in (
+            ("une majuscule", _MAJUSCULE),
+            ("une minuscule", _MINUSCULE),
+            ("un chiffre", _CHIFFRE),
+            ("un caractère spécial", _SPECIAL),
+        )
+        if not motif.search(mot_de_passe)
+    ]
+    if manquants:
+        raise ValueError(f"Le mot de passe doit contenir au moins {', '.join(manquants)}")
+    return mot_de_passe
+
 
 class LoginRequest(BaseModel):
     email: EmailStr
@@ -22,6 +50,25 @@ class PasswordChangeRequest(BaseModel):
     current_password: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=PASSWORD_MAX_LENGTH)
     new_password: str = Field(min_length=PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH, max_length=PASSWORD_MAX_LENGTH)
 
+    @field_validator("new_password")
+    @classmethod
+    def _new_password_est_complexe(cls, valeur: str) -> str:
+        return valide_complexite(valeur)
+
+
+class ForgotPasswordRequest(BaseModel):
+    email: EmailStr
+
+
+class ResetPasswordRequest(BaseModel):
+    token: str = Field(min_length=1)
+    new_password: str = Field(min_length=PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH, max_length=PASSWORD_MAX_LENGTH)
+
+    @field_validator("new_password")
+    @classmethod
+    def _new_password_est_complexe(cls, valeur: str) -> str:
+        return valide_complexite(valeur)
+
 
 class PrincipalResponse(BaseModel):
     model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
@@ -37,6 +84,10 @@ class PrincipalResponse(BaseModel):
         return cls.model_validate(principal)
 
 
+class ResetTokenValidationResponse(BaseModel):
+    valid: bool
+
+
 class TokenResponse(BaseModel):
     access_token: str
     token_type: Literal["bearer"] = "bearer"  # noqa: S105

apps/backend/app/schemas/errors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Piège : ces modèles ne décrivent rien, ils publient. Ce sont eux que Swagger montre, donc ils
+# doivent suivre `validation_error_handler()` et `unhandled_error_handler()` d'`app/api/errors.py`
+# à la lettre. Un champ renommé là-bas sans l'être ici rend la documentation fausse en silence.
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class ErrorResponse(BaseModel):
+    detail: str
+
+
+class FieldError(BaseModel):
+    champ: str
+    type: str
+
+
+class ValidationErrorResponse(BaseModel):
+    detail: list[FieldError]
+
+
+class InternalErrorResponse(BaseModel):
+    detail: str
+    correlation: str

apps/backend/app/schemas/prediction.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from enum import StrEnum
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+class PredictionTargetMetric(StrEnum):
+    CONSUMPTION_KWH = "consumption_kwh"
+    CONSUMPTION_KW = "consumption_kw"
+
+
+class PredictionStatus(StrEnum):
+    AVAILABLE = "available"
+    INSUFFICIENT_DATA = "insufficient_data"
+    ERROR = "error"
+
+
+class SitePredictionResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    target_at: datetime
+    target_metric: PredictionTargetMetric
+    period_minutes: int | None
+    predicted_value: float | None
+    status: PredictionStatus
+    failure_reason: str | None
+    model_reference: str
+    created_at: datetime
+
+
+class SitePredictionSummaryResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    site_id: str
+    site_name: str
+    prediction: SitePredictionResponse | None
+
+
+class PredictionSummaryResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    timestamp: datetime
+    sites: list[SitePredictionSummaryResponse]

apps/backend/app/schemas/reading.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from decimal import Decimal
+from enum import StrEnum
+from typing import Any
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+class ReadingSource(StrEnum):
+    CSV = "csv"
+    API_CURRENT = "api_current"
+    API_HISTORY = "api_history"
+
+
+class ReadingDataQuality(StrEnum):
+    GOOD = "good"
+    PARTIAL = "partial"
+    DEGRADED = "degraded"
+    CRITICAL = "critical"
+
+
+class ReadingResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    reading_id: int
+    site_id: str
+    timestamp: datetime
+    source: ReadingSource
+    consumption_kw: float | None
+    consumption_kwh: float | None
+    # Piège : `Decimal` (miroir de `Numeric(14, 2)` en base, pour ne pas arrondir un montant)
+    # sérialise en chaîne dans le JSON, pas en nombre — un consommateur qui ferait un `parseFloat`
+    # naïf perdrait la précision que ce choix visait à garder.
+    consumption_euros: Decimal | None
+    voltage_v: float | None
+    current_a: float | None
+    power_factor: float | None
+    temperature_celsius: float | None
+    humidity_percent: float | None
+    solar_irradiance_wm2: float | None
+    is_working_hours: bool | None
+    data_quality: ReadingDataQuality | None
+    null_reasons: list[str] | None
+    imputed_values: dict[str, Any] | None
+    imputation_method: str | None

apps/backend/app/schemas/recommendation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+class RecommendationResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    recommendation_id: int
+    alert_id: int
+    action: str
+    explanation: str
+    rule_reference: str
+    created_at: datetime
+
+
+class RecommendationGenerationResponse(BaseModel):
+    alerts_examined: int
+    recommendations_created: int
+    already_present: int

apps/backend/app/schemas/sensor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Literal
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
+
+
+class SensorDiagnosticResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    status: Literal["ok", "failing"]
+    since: datetime | None = Field(
+        description=(
+            "Horodatage de la dernière lecture reçue pour ce site. Ce n'est pas le début de la "
+            "panne : l'historique ne permet pas de le dater sans requête supplémentaire."
+        )
+    )
+
+
+class SiteSensorsResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    consumption: SensorDiagnosticResponse
+    electrical: SensorDiagnosticResponse
+    temperature: SensorDiagnosticResponse
+    humidity: SensorDiagnosticResponse
+    network: SensorDiagnosticResponse
+
+
+class SiteSensorStatusResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    site_id: str
+    site_name: str
+    sensors: SiteSensorsResponse
+    overall: Literal["ok", "degraded", "critical"]
+
+
+class SensorStatusResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    timestamp: datetime
+    sites: list[SiteSensorStatusResponse]

apps/backend/app/schemas/site.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Literal
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+class SiteResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    site_id: str
+    site_name: str
+    site_type: str
+    location: str | None
+    capacity_kw: float | None
+    status: str | None
+
+
+class SiteCurrentResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    timestamp: datetime | None
+    site_id: str
+    site_type: str
+    consumption_kw: float | None
+    consumption_kwh: float | None
+    voltage_v: float | None
+    current_a: float | None
+    power_factor: float | None
+    temperature_celsius: float | None
+    humidity_percent: float | None
+    null_reasons: list[str]
+    data_quality: Literal["good", "partial", "degraded", "critical"]

apps/backend/app/schemas/stats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Literal
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+class SiteSummaryResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    site_id: str
+    site_name: str
+    current_consumption_kw: float | None
+    capacity_kw: float
+    load_percent: float | None
+    data_quality: Literal["good", "partial", "degraded", "critical"]
+
+
+class StatsSummaryResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    timestamp: datetime
+    total_sites: int
+    total_consumption_kw: float
+    total_capacity_kw: float
+    average_load_percent: float
+    sites: list[SiteSummaryResponse]

apps/backend/app/services/alert.py

@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+
+from app.models.energy import Alert, Prediction, Reading, Site
+from app.repositories.alert import AlertRepository
+from app.repositories.prediction import PredictionRepository
+from app.repositories.reading import ReadingRepository
+from app.repositories.site import SiteRepository
+
+# Fenêtre de lectures/prédictions analysée à chaque exécution : assez large pour couvrir une paire
+# de lectures consécutives (spike) et une coupure prolongée (outage), sans réanalyser tout
+# l'historique à chaque lancement manuel du script de détection.
+LOOKBACK = timedelta(hours=48)
+
+# Cadence nominale d'une lecture : le CSV historique comme l'API Mock livrent un pas horaire.
+EXPECTED_INTERVAL = timedelta(hours=1)
+# Au-delà de trois pas manqués, on parle de coupure plutôt que d'un simple retard d'ingestion.
+OUTAGE_THRESHOLD = EXPECTED_INTERVAL * 3
+
+# +/-50% entre deux lectures consécutives du même site.
+SPIKE_RELATIVE_THRESHOLD = 0.5
+# 30% d'écart entre la consommation réelle et la prévision du même site/instant.
+ANOMALY_RELATIVE_THRESHOLD = 0.3
+# Une prévision quasi nulle rend l'écart relatif ininterprétable ; on l'ignore plutôt.
+ANOMALY_MINIMUM_PREDICTED_VALUE = 1e-6
+
+THRESHOLD_METRIC = "consumption_kw"
+ANOMALY_METRIC = "consumption_kwh"
+# `data_quality` -> sévérité du capteur défaillant. `good` est volontairement absent : il ne
+# déclenche jamais d'alerte.
+QUALITE_VERS_SEVERITE: dict[str, str] = {
+    "partial": "low",
+    "degraded": "medium",
+    "critical": "critical",
+}
+
+
+class AlertService:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        alerts: AlertRepository,
+        readings: ReadingRepository,
+        predictions: PredictionRepository,
+        sites: SiteRepository,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._alerts = alerts
+        self._readings = readings
+        self._predictions = predictions
+        self._sites = sites
+
+    async def list_all(
+        self, *, site_id: str | None = None, severity: str | None = None
+    ) -> Sequence[Alert]:
+        return await self._alerts.list_all(site_id=site_id, severity=severity)
+
+    async def detect(
+        self, *, now: datetime | None = None, site_id: str | None = None
+    ) -> Sequence[Alert]:
+        """Compare les lectures/prévisions récentes aux cinq règles internes et enregistre les
+        alertes déclenchées (`source='enervision'`). Idempotent grâce à `source_alert_id` :
+        rejouer sur une fenêtre déjà analysée ne recrée pas les mêmes lignes."""
+        instant = now or datetime.now(UTC)
+        depuis = instant - LOOKBACK
+
+        sites = await self._sites.list_all()
+        if site_id is not None:
+            sites = [site for site in sites if site.site_id == site_id]
+        sites_par_id = {site.site_id: site for site in sites}
+        if not sites_par_id:
+            return []
+
+        lectures = [
+            lecture
+            for lecture in await self._readings.list_since(since=depuis, site_id=site_id)
+            if lecture.site_id in sites_par_id
+        ]
+        predictions = [
+            prediction
+            for prediction in await self._predictions.list_since(since=depuis, site_id=site_id)
+            if prediction.site_id in sites_par_id
+        ]
+        dernieres_lectures = {
+            lecture.site_id: lecture
+            for lecture in await self._readings.latest_by_site()
+            if lecture.site_id in sites_par_id
+        }
+
+        candidates = [
+            *_detect_threshold(lectures, sites_par_id),
+            *_detect_spike(lectures),
+            *_detect_anomaly(lectures, predictions),
+            *_detect_outage(sites, dernieres_lectures, instant),
+            *_detect_sensor(lectures),
+        ]
+        if not candidates:
+            return []
+        return await self._alerts.create_many(candidates)
+
+
+def _severity_from_ratio(ratio: float) -> str:
+    if ratio >= 2.0:
+        return "critical"
+    if ratio >= 1.5:
+        return "high"
+    if ratio >= 1.2:
+        return "medium"
+    return "low"
+
+
+def _detect_threshold(lectures: Sequence[Reading], sites_par_id: dict[str, Site]) -> list[Alert]:
+    # Seuil fixe = la capacité déclarée du site : dépasser `capacity_kw` est un dépassement
+    # matériel, pas une simple variation, et évite un seuil arbitraire non fourni par le domaine.
+    alertes = []
+    for lecture in lectures:
+        site = sites_par_id[lecture.site_id]
+        valeur = lecture.consumption_kw
+        if site.capacity_kw is None or site.capacity_kw <= 0 or valeur is None:
+            continue
+        if valeur <= site.capacity_kw:
+            continue
+        alertes.append(
+            Alert(
+                source_alert_id=f"threshold:{THRESHOLD_METRIC}:{lecture.timestamp.isoformat()}",
+                site_id=lecture.site_id,
+                source="enervision",
+                timestamp=lecture.timestamp,
+                type="threshold",
+                severity=_severity_from_ratio(valeur / site.capacity_kw),
+                message=(
+                    f"Puissance appelée {valeur:.1f} kW au-dessus de la capacité du site "
+                    f"({site.capacity_kw:.1f} kW)"
+                ),
+                value=valeur,
+                threshold=site.capacity_kw,
+                metric=THRESHOLD_METRIC,
+                prediction_id=None,
+                raw_data={},
+            )
+        )
+    return alertes
+
+
+def _detect_spike(lectures: Sequence[Reading]) -> list[Alert]:
+    # `lectures` est triée par site, heure puis `reading_id` (cf. `ReadingRepository.list_since`) :
+    # deux lignes consécutives du même site sont donc deux mesures consécutives dans le temps,
+    # sauf lorsqu'elles partagent le même horodatage (deux `source` différentes pour le même
+    # instant, permises par `uq_reading_source`) : ce n'est alors pas une variation réelle, on
+    # l'ignore plutôt que de générer une fausse alerte figée par son `source_alert_id`.
+    alertes = []
+    precedente: Reading | None = None
+    for lecture in lectures:
+        if (
+            precedente is None
+            or precedente.site_id != lecture.site_id
+            or precedente.timestamp == lecture.timestamp
+        ):
+            precedente = lecture
+            continue
+        avant, apres = precedente.consumption_kw, lecture.consumption_kw
+        precedente = lecture
+        if avant is None or apres is None:
+            continue
+        if avant == 0:
+            # Une variation relative n'a pas de sens depuis zéro, mais un redémarrage direct à
+            # une consommation positive reste le signal le plus alarmant du lot : `critical`
+            # plutôt qu'un ratio indéfini.
+            if apres > 0:
+                alertes.append(_spike_alert(lecture, avant, apres, severity="critical"))
+            continue
+        variation = abs(apres - avant) / abs(avant)
+        if variation < SPIKE_RELATIVE_THRESHOLD:
+            continue
+        alertes.append(
+            _spike_alert(
+                lecture,
+                avant,
+                apres,
+                severity=_severity_from_ratio(variation / SPIKE_RELATIVE_THRESHOLD),
+            )
+        )
+    return alertes
+
+
+def _spike_alert(lecture: Reading, avant: float, apres: float, *, severity: str) -> Alert:
+    return Alert(
+        source_alert_id=f"spike:{THRESHOLD_METRIC}:{lecture.timestamp.isoformat()}",
+        site_id=lecture.site_id,
+        source="enervision",
+        timestamp=lecture.timestamp,
+        type="spike",
+        severity=severity,
+        message=(
+            f"Variation brutale entre deux lectures consécutives ({avant:.1f} kW -> {apres:.1f} kW)"
+        ),
+        value=apres,
+        threshold=avant,
+        metric=THRESHOLD_METRIC,
+        prediction_id=None,
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+
+
+def _detect_anomaly(lectures: Sequence[Reading], predictions: Sequence[Prediction]) -> list[Alert]:
+    # Alignement strict (site_id, target_at == timestamp) : `enervision_ml.score` produit une
+    # cible à l'heure pile suivant la dernière lecture, sur la même grille horaire que `reading`.
+    predictions_par_cle = {
+        (prediction.site_id, prediction.target_at): prediction
+        for prediction in predictions
+        if prediction.target_metric == ANOMALY_METRIC
+    }
+    alertes = []
+    for lecture in lectures:
+        prediction = predictions_par_cle.get((lecture.site_id, lecture.timestamp))
+        reel = lecture.consumption_kwh
+        if prediction is None or reel is None or prediction.predicted_value is None:
+            continue
+        predite = prediction.predicted_value
+        if abs(predite) < ANOMALY_MINIMUM_PREDICTED_VALUE:
+            continue
+        ecart = abs(reel - predite) / abs(predite)
+        if ecart < ANOMALY_RELATIVE_THRESHOLD:
+            continue
+        alertes.append(
+            Alert(
+                source_alert_id=f"anomaly:{ANOMALY_METRIC}:{lecture.timestamp.isoformat()}",
+                site_id=lecture.site_id,
+                source="enervision",
+                timestamp=lecture.timestamp,
+                type="anomaly",
+                severity=_severity_from_ratio(ecart / ANOMALY_RELATIVE_THRESHOLD),
+                message=(
+                    f"Écart de {ecart * 100:.0f}% entre la consommation mesurée ({reel:.1f} kWh) "
+                    f"et la prévision ({predite:.1f} kWh)"
+                ),
+                value=reel,
+                threshold=predite,
+                metric=ANOMALY_METRIC,
+                prediction_id=prediction.prediction_id,
+                raw_data={},
+            )
+        )
+    return alertes
+
+
+def _detect_outage(
+    sites: Sequence[Site], dernieres_lectures: dict[str, Reading], now: datetime
+) -> list[Alert]:
+    alertes = []
+    for site in sites:
+        derniere = dernieres_lectures.get(site.site_id)
+        if derniere is None:
+            alertes.append(
+                _outage_alert(
+                    site.site_id,
+                    now,
+                    reference=None,
+                    message="Aucune lecture n'a jamais été reçue pour ce site",
+                    severity="critical",
+                )
+            )
+            continue
+        absence = now - derniere.timestamp
+        if absence < OUTAGE_THRESHOLD:
+            continue
+        alertes.append(
+            _outage_alert(
+                site.site_id,
+                now,
+                reference=derniere.timestamp,
+                message=(
+                    f"Aucune lecture depuis {absence} (dernière lecture : "
+                    f"{derniere.timestamp.isoformat()})"
+                ),
+                severity=_severity_from_ratio(absence / OUTAGE_THRESHOLD),
+            )
+        )
+    return alertes
+
+
+def _outage_alert(
+    site_id: str, now: datetime, *, reference: datetime | None, message: str, severity: str
+) -> Alert:
+    return Alert(
+        source_alert_id=f"outage:{reference.isoformat() if reference is not None else 'jamais'}",
+        site_id=site_id,
+        source="enervision",
+        timestamp=now,
+        type="outage",
+        severity=severity,
+        message=message,
+        value=None,
+        threshold=None,
+        metric=None,
+        prediction_id=None,
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+
+
+def _detect_sensor(lectures: Sequence[Reading]) -> list[Alert]:
+    alertes = []
+    for lecture in lectures:
+        severite = QUALITE_VERS_SEVERITE.get(lecture.data_quality or "")
+        if severite is None:
+            continue
+        raisons = ", ".join(lecture.null_reasons or []) or "raison non précisée"
+        alertes.append(
+            Alert(
+                source_alert_id=f"sensor:{lecture.timestamp.isoformat()}",
+                site_id=lecture.site_id,
+                source="enervision",
+                timestamp=lecture.timestamp,
+                type="sensor",
+                severity=severite,
+                message=f"Qualité de mesure {lecture.data_quality} ({raisons})",
+                value=None,
+                threshold=None,
+                metric=None,
+                prediction_id=None,
+                raw_data={},
+            )
+        )
+    return alertes

apps/backend/app/services/auth.py

@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@ from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
 from typing import NoReturn, Protocol
 from uuid import UUID, uuid4
 
+from fastapi import BackgroundTasks
+
 from app.core.hashing import Argon2Hasher
+from app.core.logging import get_logger
+from app.core.mailer import Mailer
 from app.core.principal import Principal
 from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
 from app.core.security import (
@@ -28,9 +32,13 @@ from app.models.login_attempt import LoginOutcome
 from app.models.refresh_token import RevocationReason
 from app.repositories.audit_log import AuditLogRepository
 from app.repositories.login_attempt import LoginAttemptRepository
+from app.repositories.password_reset_attempt import PasswordResetAttemptRepository
+from app.repositories.password_reset_token import PasswordResetTokenRepository
 from app.repositories.refresh_token import RefreshTokenRepository
 from app.repositories.user import UserRepository
 
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
 
 class Transaction(Protocol):
     async def commit(self) -> None: ...
@@ -54,6 +62,10 @@ class RateLimitedError(AuthError):
         self.retry_after = retry_after
 
 
+class InvalidOrExpiredResetTokenError(AuthError):
+    pass
+
+
 @dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
 class LoginPolicy:
     window_seconds: int
@@ -62,6 +74,15 @@ class LoginPolicy:
     max_failures_per_identifier: int
 
 
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class PasswordResetPolicy:
+    window_seconds: int
+    max_requests_per_identifier: int
+    max_requests_per_ip: int
+    token_ttl: timedelta
+    frontend_reset_url: str
+
+
 @dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
 class AuthenticatedSession:
     principal: Principal
@@ -83,6 +104,10 @@ class AuthService:
         token_policy: TokenPolicy,
         login_policy: LoginPolicy,
         refresh_ttl: timedelta,
+        reset_tokens: PasswordResetTokenRepository,
+        reset_attempts: PasswordResetAttemptRepository,
+        reset_policy: PasswordResetPolicy,
+        mailer: Mailer,
     ) -> None:
         self._users = users
         self._attempts = attempts
@@ -93,6 +118,10 @@ class AuthService:
         self._token_policy = token_policy
         self._login_policy = login_policy
         self._refresh_ttl = refresh_ttl
+        self._reset_tokens = reset_tokens
+        self._reset_attempts = reset_attempts
+        self._reset_policy = reset_policy
+        self._mailer = mailer
 
     async def authenticate(
         self, *, email: str, password: str, client_ip: str | None, user_agent: str | None
@@ -200,6 +229,102 @@ class AuthService:
         rafraichi = await self._users.get_by_id(principal.id)
         return self._session(self._en_principal(rafraichi or compte), secret)
 
+    async def request_password_reset(
+        self,
+        *,
+        email: str,
+        client_ip: str | None,
+        user_agent: str | None,
+        background_tasks: BackgroundTasks,
+    ) -> None:
+        await self._refuse_si_limite_reset(email=email, client_ip=client_ip)
+
+        compte = await self._users.get_by_email(email)
+        # Piège : le hachage factice équilibre le temps de réponse sur un compte inconnu, comme
+        # `authenticate()`. La réponse et sa forme restent identiques dans tous les cas : compte
+        # inconnu, compte inactif, ou email envoyé avec succès. L'envoi SMTP lui-même est différé
+        # en tâche de fond : le laisser dans le chemin de réponse rouvrirait le même oracle par le
+        # temps (aller-retour réseau) et par la forme (500 si le relais SMTP échoue, contre 202).
+        if compte is None or not compte.is_active or compte.kind != AccountKind.HUMAIN.value:
+            await self._hasher.verify_dummy()
+            await self._reset_attempts.record(email=email, client_ip=client_ip)
+            await self._transaction.commit()
+            return
+
+        await self._reset_tokens.invalidate_all_for_user(compte.id)
+        secret = generate_refresh_secret()
+        await self._reset_tokens.create(
+            user_id=compte.id,
+            token_hash=fingerprint_refresh(secret),
+            expires_at=datetime.now(UTC) + self._reset_policy.token_ttl,
+            client_ip=client_ip,
+            user_agent=user_agent,
+        )
+        await self._reset_attempts.record(email=email, client_ip=client_ip)
+        await self._audit.record(
+            action=AuditAction.MOT_DE_PASSE_OUBLIE_DEMANDE,
+            actor_label=compte.email,
+            target_type="app_user",
+            target_id=str(compte.id),
+            client_ip=client_ip,
+            user_agent=user_agent,
+        )
+        await self._transaction.commit()
+
+        lien = f"{self._reset_policy.frontend_reset_url}?token={secret}"
+        background_tasks.add_task(self._envoie_email_reset, compte.email, lien)
+
+    async def _envoie_email_reset(self, email: str, reset_url: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            await self._mailer.send_password_reset_email(to=email, reset_url=reset_url)
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception("auth.password_reset.mail_failed")
+
+    # Piège : lecture seule, pas d'appel à `consume()`. Aucune limitation de débit n'est
+    # nécessaire ici : le jeton est un secret de 256 bits (`generate_refresh_secret`), donc
+    # non brute-forçable, et cette route n'apprend rien sur l'existence d'un compte ou d'un
+    # email, seulement si le lien déjà en main du visiteur est encore valide.
+    async def is_reset_token_valid(self, token: str) -> bool:
+        return await self._reset_tokens.exists_valid(fingerprint_refresh(token))
+
+    async def confirm_password_reset(
+        self, *, token: str, new_password: str, client_ip: str | None, user_agent: str | None
+    ) -> AuthenticatedSession:
+        revendique = await self._reset_tokens.consume(fingerprint_refresh(token))
+        if revendique is None:
+            raise InvalidOrExpiredResetTokenError("Lien invalide ou expiré")
+
+        # Piège : le jeton peut avoir été émis avant une désactivation du compte. Sans cette
+        # relecture, un lien encore valide (15 min) changerait quand même le mot de passe d'un
+        # compte désactivé, réutilisable dès sa réactivation.
+        compte = await self._users.get_by_id(revendique.user_id)
+        if compte is None or not compte.is_active or compte.kind != AccountKind.HUMAIN.value:
+            raise InvalidOrExpiredResetTokenError("Lien invalide ou expiré")
+
+        await self._users.update_password(
+            revendique.user_id, await self._hasher.hash(new_password), must_change_password=False
+        )
+        revoquees = await self._refresh.revoke_all_for_user(
+            revendique.user_id, RevocationReason.CHANGEMENT_MOT_DE_PASSE
+        )
+        secret = await self._ouvre_une_famille(
+            user_id=revendique.user_id, client_ip=client_ip, user_agent=user_agent
+        )
+        await self._audit.record(
+            action=AuditAction.MOT_DE_PASSE_REINITIALISE_PAR_SOI,
+            target_type="app_user",
+            target_id=str(revendique.user_id),
+            client_ip=client_ip,
+            user_agent=user_agent,
+            detail={"sessions_revoquees": revoquees},
+        )
+        await self._transaction.commit()
+
+        compte = await self._users.get_by_id(revendique.user_id)
+        if compte is None:
+            raise SessionRejectedError("Compte introuvable")
+        return self._session(self._en_principal(compte), secret)
+
     async def logout_all(self, principal: Principal) -> int:
         revoquees = await self._refresh.revoke_all_for_user(
             principal.id, RevocationReason.DECONNEXION
@@ -307,6 +432,23 @@ class AuthService:
         await self._transaction.commit()
         raise RateLimitedError(politique.window_seconds)
 
+    async def _refuse_si_limite_reset(self, *, email: str, client_ip: str | None) -> None:
+        politique = self._reset_policy
+        compteurs = await self._reset_attempts.count_recent(
+            email=email, client_ip=client_ip, window_seconds=politique.window_seconds
+        )
+
+        depasse = (
+            compteurs.per_identifier >= politique.max_requests_per_identifier
+            or compteurs.per_ip >= politique.max_requests_per_ip
+        )
+        if not depasse:
+            return
+
+        await self._reset_attempts.record(email=email, client_ip=client_ip)
+        await self._transaction.commit()
+        raise RateLimitedError(politique.window_seconds)
+
     async def _echoue(
         self,
         email: str,

apps/backend/app/services/data_quality.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Contrainte : `ck_reading_quality` accepte NULL et quatre valeurs seulement, alors que le contrat
+# frontend n'a aucune valeur pour l'absence de qualité. `qualite_ou_critique()` replie donc sur
+# `critical`, la seule des quatre qui n'induise pas une confiance qu'on n'a pas. `QUALITES_CONNUES`
+# reste exposé pour les appelants qui doivent distinguer un `critical` stocké d'un repli.
+
+from typing import Literal, get_args
+
+DataQuality = Literal["good", "partial", "degraded", "critical"]
+
+QUALITES_CONNUES: frozenset[str] = frozenset(get_args(DataQuality))
+
+_PAR_VALEUR: dict[str, DataQuality] = {valeur: valeur for valeur in get_args(DataQuality)}
+
+
+def qualite_ou_critique(valeur: str | None) -> DataQuality:
+    if valeur is None:
+        return "critical"
+    return _PAR_VALEUR.get(valeur, "critical")

apps/backend/app/services/prediction.py

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+from app.models.energy import Prediction, Site
+from app.repositories.prediction import PredictionRepository
+from app.repositories.site import SiteRepository
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class SitePrediction:
+    target_at: datetime
+    target_metric: str
+    period_minutes: int | None
+    predicted_value: float | None
+    status: str
+    failure_reason: str | None
+    model_reference: str
+    created_at: datetime
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class SitePredictionSummary:
+    site_id: str
+    site_name: str
+    prediction: SitePrediction | None
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class PredictionSummary:
+    timestamp: datetime
+    sites: list[SitePredictionSummary]
+
+
+class PredictionService:
+    def __init__(self, sites: SiteRepository, predictions: PredictionRepository) -> None:
+        self._sites = sites
+        self._predictions = predictions
+
+    async def summary(self) -> PredictionSummary:
+        sites = await self._sites.list_all()
+        dernieres = {p.site_id: p for p in await self._predictions.latest_by_site()}
+
+        return PredictionSummary(
+            timestamp=datetime.now(UTC),
+            sites=[_resume_site(site, dernieres.get(site.site_id)) for site in sites],
+        )
+
+
+def _resume_site(site: Site, derniere: Prediction | None) -> SitePredictionSummary:
+    # Piège : l'absence de ligne signifie « jamais scoré », pas une valeur pseudo-statut, qui
+    # n'existe pas dans la contrainte de la table. `prediction` reste `None` plutôt que de
+    # fabriquer un statut absent du domaine `available`/`insufficient_data`/`error`.
+    prediction = None
+    if derniere is not None:
+        prediction = SitePrediction(
+            target_at=derniere.target_at,
+            target_metric=derniere.target_metric,
+            period_minutes=derniere.period_minutes,
+            predicted_value=derniere.predicted_value,
+            status=derniere.status,
+            failure_reason=derniere.failure_reason,
+            model_reference=derniere.model_reference,
+            created_at=derniere.created_at,
+        )
+
+    return SitePredictionSummary(
+        site_id=site.site_id, site_name=site.site_name, prediction=prediction
+    )

apps/backend/app/services/reading.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+
+from app.models.energy import Reading
+from app.repositories.reading import ReadingRepository
+
+FENETRE_PAR_DEFAUT = timedelta(hours=24)
+FENETRE_MAXIMALE = timedelta(days=90)
+
+
+class FenetreInverseeError(Exception):
+    """`start` est postérieur ou égal à `end`."""
+
+
+class FenetreTropLargeError(Exception):
+    """L'écart entre `start` et `end` dépasse `FENETRE_MAXIMALE`."""
+
+
+class ReadingService:
+    def __init__(self, *, readings: ReadingRepository) -> None:
+        self._readings = readings
+
+    async def list_history(
+        self,
+        *,
+        site_id: str | None = None,
+        start: datetime | None = None,
+        end: datetime | None = None,
+        limit: int,
+        offset: int,
+    ) -> Sequence[Reading]:
+        debut, fin = self._resoudre_fenetre(start, end)
+        return await self._readings.list_history(
+            site_id=site_id, start=debut, end=fin, limit=limit, offset=offset
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _resoudre_fenetre(
+        start: datetime | None, end: datetime | None
+    ) -> tuple[datetime, datetime]:
+        # Piège : un datetime naïf (sans fuseau dans la chaîne ISO reçue) fait échouer la
+        # comparaison à `reading.timestamp` (`timestamptz`) au niveau du pilote, en 500 plutôt
+        # qu'un refus propre. On le traite comme de l'UTC plutôt que de le rejeter.
+        debut = _vers_utc(start)
+        fin = _vers_utc(end) or datetime.now(UTC)
+        if debut is None:
+            debut = fin - FENETRE_PAR_DEFAUT
+
+        if debut >= fin:
+            raise FenetreInverseeError
+        if fin - debut > FENETRE_MAXIMALE:
+            raise FenetreTropLargeError
+        return debut, fin
+
+
+def _vers_utc(instant: datetime | None) -> datetime | None:
+    if instant is None:
+        return None
+    return instant if instant.tzinfo is not None else instant.replace(tzinfo=UTC)

apps/backend/app/services/recommendation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Protocol
+
+from app.models.energy import Recommendation
+from app.repositories.alert import AlertRepository
+from app.repositories.recommendation import RecommendationRepository
+from app.services.recommendation_rules import applique_les_regles
+
+
+class Transaction(Protocol):
+    async def commit(self) -> None: ...
+
+
+class RecommendationError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class RecommendationNotFoundError(RecommendationError):
+    pass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class RapportGeneration:
+    alertes_examinees: int
+    recommandations_creees: int
+    deja_presentes: int
+
+
+class RecommendationService:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        recommendations: RecommendationRepository,
+        alerts: AlertRepository,
+        transaction: Transaction,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._recommendations = recommendations
+        self._alerts = alerts
+        self._transaction = transaction
+
+    async def list_all(self) -> Sequence[Recommendation]:
+        return await self._recommendations.list_all()
+
+    async def get_by_id(self, recommendation_id: int) -> Recommendation:
+        recommendation = await self._recommendations.get_by_id(recommendation_id)
+        if recommendation is None:
+            raise RecommendationNotFoundError(recommendation_id)
+        return recommendation
+
+    async def generate(self, *, site_id: str | None = None) -> RapportGeneration:
+        alertes = await self._alerts.list_all(site_id=site_id)
+        nouvelles = [nouvelle for alerte in alertes for nouvelle in applique_les_regles(alerte)]
+
+        creees = await self._recommendations.create_missing(nouvelles)
+        await self._transaction.commit()
+
+        return RapportGeneration(
+            alertes_examinees=len(alertes),
+            recommandations_creees=creees,
+            deja_presentes=len(nouvelles) - creees,
+        )

apps/backend/app/services/recommendation_rules.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+# Piège : `rule_reference` est la clé d'idempotence en base, portée par la contrainte
+# `uq_recommendation_alert_rule`. Renommer une référence déjà livrée ne remplace pas les
+# recommandations existantes, il en crée de nouvelles à côté. Une règle qui change de sens
+# prend donc une référence suffixée `-v2` - REGLES.
+
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Final
+
+from app.models.energy import Alert
+from app.repositories.recommendation import NouvelleRecommandation
+from app.schemas.alert import AlertSeverity, AlertType
+
+FACTEUR_DEPASSEMENT_MAJEUR: Final = 1.2
+POURCENTAGE_DEPASSEMENT_MAJEUR: Final = round((FACTEUR_DEPASSEMENT_MAJEUR - 1) * 100)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class Regle:
+    reference: str
+    action: str
+    declencheur: Callable[[Alert], bool]
+    motif: Callable[[Alert], str]
+
+
+def _du_type(attendu: AlertType) -> Callable[[Alert], bool]:
+    return lambda alerte: alerte.type == attendu
+
+
+def _de_severite(attendue: AlertSeverity) -> Callable[[Alert], bool]:
+    return lambda alerte: alerte.severity == attendue
+
+
+# Un seuil nul ou négatif rendrait le rapport `value / threshold` arbitraire : l'alerte ne
+# renseigne alors aucun dépassement exploitable, et la règle ne se déclenche pas.
+def _depasse_largement_le_seuil(alerte: Alert) -> bool:
+    if alerte.value is None or alerte.threshold is None or alerte.threshold <= 0:
+        return False
+    return alerte.value >= alerte.threshold * FACTEUR_DEPASSEMENT_MAJEUR
+
+
+REGLES: Final[tuple[Regle, ...]] = (
+    Regle(
+        reference="spike-delestage-v1",
+        action="Délester les équipements non prioritaires sur le créneau du pic",
+        declencheur=_du_type(AlertType.SPIKE),
+        motif=lambda alerte: f"Pic de consommation signalé sur le site {alerte.site_id}",
+    ),
+    Regle(
+        reference="threshold-reduction-v1",
+        action="Ramener la puissance appelée sous le seuil contractuel",
+        declencheur=_du_type(AlertType.THRESHOLD),
+        motif=lambda alerte: f"Seuil de consommation dépassé sur le site {alerte.site_id}",
+    ),
+    Regle(
+        reference="outage-secours-v1",
+        action="Basculer sur l'alimentation de secours et prévenir l'exploitant",
+        declencheur=_du_type(AlertType.OUTAGE),
+        motif=lambda alerte: (
+            f"Risque de surcharge ou de coupure imminente sur le site {alerte.site_id}"
+        ),
+    ),
+    Regle(
+        reference="sensor-maintenance-v1",
+        action="Planifier une intervention de maintenance sur le capteur",
+        declencheur=_du_type(AlertType.SENSOR),
+        motif=lambda alerte: (
+            f"Capteur défaillant sur le site {alerte.site_id}, les mesures ne sont plus fiables"
+        ),
+    ),
+    Regle(
+        reference="anomaly-verification-v1",
+        action="Confronter la mesure à la prévision et vérifier le paramétrage du site",
+        declencheur=_du_type(AlertType.ANOMALY),
+        motif=lambda alerte: (
+            f"Écart anormal entre la mesure et le comportement attendu du site {alerte.site_id}"
+        ),
+    ),
+    Regle(
+        reference="escalade-astreinte-v1",
+        action="Escalader à l'astreinte sous une heure",
+        declencheur=_de_severite(AlertSeverity.CRITICAL),
+        motif=lambda alerte: f"Alerte de sévérité critique sur le site {alerte.site_id}",
+    ),
+    Regle(
+        reference="contrat-puissance-v1",
+        action="Réévaluer la puissance souscrite au contrat",
+        declencheur=_depasse_largement_le_seuil,
+        motif=lambda alerte: (
+            f"Dépassement d'au moins {POURCENTAGE_DEPASSEMENT_MAJEUR} % du seuil "
+            f"sur le site {alerte.site_id}"
+        ),
+    ),
+)
+
+
+def applique_les_regles(alerte: Alert) -> list[NouvelleRecommandation]:
+    contexte = _contexte_de_mesure(alerte)
+    return [
+        NouvelleRecommandation(
+            alert_id=alerte.alert_id,
+            action=regle.action,
+            explanation=f"{regle.motif(alerte)}{contexte}.",
+            rule_reference=regle.reference,
+        )
+        for regle in REGLES
+        if regle.declencheur(alerte)
+    ]
+
+
+def _contexte_de_mesure(alerte: Alert) -> str:
+    if alerte.value is None:
+        return ""
+    grandeur = alerte.metric or "valeur"
+    if alerte.threshold is None:
+        return f" ({grandeur} mesurée à {alerte.value})"
+    return f" ({grandeur} mesurée à {alerte.value}, seuil {alerte.threshold})"

apps/backend/app/services/sensor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from typing import Literal
+
+from app.models.energy import Reading, Site
+from app.repositories.reading import ReadingRepository
+from app.repositories.site import SiteRepository
+from app.services.data_quality import qualite_ou_critique
+
+CapteurStatus = Literal["ok", "failing"]
+OverallStatus = Literal["ok", "degraded", "critical"]
+
+RAISON_VERS_CAPTEUR: dict[str, str] = {
+    "consumption_sensor_failure": "consumption",
+    "electrical_sensor_failure": "electrical",
+    "temperature_sensor_failure": "temperature",
+    "humidity_sensor_failure": "humidity",
+    "network_loss": "network",
+}
+
+CHAMPS_PAR_CAPTEUR: dict[str, tuple[str, ...]] = {
+    "consumption": ("consumption_kw",),
+    "electrical": ("voltage_v", "current_a", "power_factor"),
+    "temperature": ("temperature_celsius",),
+    "humidity": ("humidity_percent",),
+}
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class DiagnosticCapteur:
+    status: CapteurStatus
+    since: datetime | None
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class SanteCapteurs:
+    consumption: DiagnosticCapteur
+    electrical: DiagnosticCapteur
+    temperature: DiagnosticCapteur
+    humidity: DiagnosticCapteur
+    network: DiagnosticCapteur
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class SanteSite:
+    site_id: str
+    site_name: str
+    sensors: SanteCapteurs
+    overall: OverallStatus
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class EtatCapteurs:
+    timestamp: datetime
+    sites: list[SanteSite]
+
+
+class SensorService:
+    def __init__(self, sites: SiteRepository, readings: ReadingRepository) -> None:
+        self._sites = sites
+        self._readings = readings
+
+    async def status(self) -> EtatCapteurs:
+        sites = await self._sites.list_all()
+        dernieres = {lecture.site_id: lecture for lecture in await self._readings.latest_by_site()}
+
+        return EtatCapteurs(
+            timestamp=datetime.now(UTC),
+            sites=[_sante_site(site, dernieres.get(site.site_id)) for site in sites],
+        )
+
+
+def _sante_site(site: Site, derniere: Reading | None) -> SanteSite:
+    if derniere is None:
+        return SanteSite(
+            site_id=site.site_id,
+            site_name=site.site_name,
+            sensors=_tout_en_echec(since=None),
+            overall="critical",
+        )
+
+    qualite = qualite_ou_critique(derniere.data_quality)
+    overall = _overall_depuis_qualite(qualite)
+
+    if overall == "critical":
+        return SanteSite(
+            site_id=site.site_id,
+            site_name=site.site_name,
+            sensors=_tout_en_echec(since=derniere.timestamp),
+            overall="critical",
+        )
+
+    raisons_signalees = {
+        RAISON_VERS_CAPTEUR[raison]
+        for raison in (derniere.null_reasons or [])
+        if raison in RAISON_VERS_CAPTEUR
+    }
+
+    return SanteSite(
+        site_id=site.site_id,
+        site_name=site.site_name,
+        sensors=SanteCapteurs(
+            consumption=_diagnostic("consumption", derniere, raisons_signalees),
+            electrical=_diagnostic("electrical", derniere, raisons_signalees),
+            temperature=_diagnostic("temperature", derniere, raisons_signalees),
+            humidity=_diagnostic("humidity", derniere, raisons_signalees),
+            network=_diagnostic("network", derniere, raisons_signalees),
+        ),
+        overall=overall,
+    )
+
+
+def _overall_depuis_qualite(qualite: str) -> OverallStatus:
+    if qualite == "good":
+        return "ok"
+    if qualite in ("partial", "degraded"):
+        return "degraded"
+    return "critical"
+
+
+def _diagnostic(capteur: str, derniere: Reading, raisons_signalees: set[str]) -> DiagnosticCapteur:
+    champs = CHAMPS_PAR_CAPTEUR.get(capteur, ())
+    en_echec = capteur in raisons_signalees or any(
+        getattr(derniere, champ) is None for champ in champs
+    )
+    return DiagnosticCapteur(
+        status="failing" if en_echec else "ok",
+        since=derniere.timestamp if en_echec else None,
+    )
+
+
+def _tout_en_echec(since: datetime | None) -> SanteCapteurs:
+    echec = DiagnosticCapteur(status="failing", since=since)
+    return SanteCapteurs(
+        consumption=echec, electrical=echec, temperature=echec, humidity=echec, network=echec
+    )

apps/backend/app/services/site.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from app.models.energy import Site
+from app.repositories.reading import ReadingRepository
+from app.repositories.site import SiteRepository
+from app.services.data_quality import DataQuality, qualite_ou_critique
+
+
+class SiteError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class SiteNotFoundError(SiteError):
+    pass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class SiteCurrentReading:
+    timestamp: datetime | None
+    site_id: str
+    site_type: str
+    consumption_kw: float | None
+    consumption_kwh: float | None
+    voltage_v: float | None
+    current_a: float | None
+    power_factor: float | None
+    temperature_celsius: float | None
+    humidity_percent: float | None
+    null_reasons: list[str]
+    data_quality: DataQuality
+
+
+class SiteService:
+    def __init__(self, *, sites: SiteRepository, readings: ReadingRepository) -> None:
+        self._sites = sites
+        self._readings = readings
+
+    async def list_all(self) -> Sequence[Site]:
+        return await self._sites.list_all()
+
+    async def get_by_id(self, site_id: str) -> Site:
+        site = await self._sites.get_by_id(site_id)
+        if site is None:
+            raise SiteNotFoundError(site_id)
+        return site
+
+    async def current(self, site_id: str) -> SiteCurrentReading:
+        site = await self.get_by_id(site_id)
+        derniere = await self._readings.latest_for_site(site_id)
+
+        if derniere is None:
+            return SiteCurrentReading(
+                timestamp=None,
+                site_id=site.site_id,
+                site_type=site.site_type,
+                consumption_kw=None,
+                consumption_kwh=None,
+                voltage_v=None,
+                current_a=None,
+                power_factor=None,
+                temperature_celsius=None,
+                humidity_percent=None,
+                null_reasons=[],
+                data_quality="critical",
+            )
+
+        return SiteCurrentReading(
+            timestamp=derniere.timestamp,
+            site_id=site.site_id,
+            site_type=site.site_type,
+            consumption_kw=derniere.consumption_kw,
+            consumption_kwh=derniere.consumption_kwh,
+            voltage_v=derniere.voltage_v,
+            current_a=derniere.current_a,
+            power_factor=derniere.power_factor,
+            temperature_celsius=derniere.temperature_celsius,
+            humidity_percent=derniere.humidity_percent,
+            null_reasons=derniere.null_reasons or [],
+            data_quality=qualite_ou_critique(derniere.data_quality),
+        )

apps/backend/app/services/stats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+from app.models.energy import Reading, Site
+from app.repositories.reading import ReadingRepository
+from app.repositories.site import SiteRepository
+from app.services.data_quality import QUALITES_CONNUES, DataQuality, qualite_ou_critique
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class SiteConsumption:
+    site_id: str
+    site_name: str
+    current_consumption_kw: float | None
+    capacity_kw: float
+    load_percent: float | None
+    data_quality: DataQuality
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class ConsumptionSummary:
+    timestamp: datetime
+    total_sites: int
+    total_consumption_kw: float
+    total_capacity_kw: float
+    average_load_percent: float
+    sites: list[SiteConsumption]
+
+
+class StatsService:
+    def __init__(self, sites: SiteRepository, readings: ReadingRepository) -> None:
+        self._sites = sites
+        self._readings = readings
+
+    async def summary(self) -> ConsumptionSummary:
+        sites = await self._sites.list_all()
+        dernieres = {lecture.site_id: lecture for lecture in await self._readings.latest_by_site()}
+
+        resumes = [self._resume_site(site, dernieres.get(site.site_id)) for site in sites]
+        consommation_totale = sum(r.current_consumption_kw or 0 for r in resumes)
+        capacite_totale = sum(r.capacity_kw for r in resumes)
+
+        return ConsumptionSummary(
+            timestamp=datetime.now(UTC),
+            total_sites=len(resumes),
+            total_consumption_kw=consommation_totale,
+            total_capacity_kw=capacite_totale,
+            average_load_percent=(
+                consommation_totale / capacite_totale * 100 if capacite_totale > 0 else 0
+            ),
+            sites=resumes,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _resume_site(site: Site, derniere: Reading | None) -> SiteConsumption:
+        capacite = site.capacity_kw or 0
+        qualite: DataQuality = "critical"
+        consommation = None
+        if derniere is not None and derniere.data_quality in QUALITES_CONNUES:
+            qualite = qualite_ou_critique(derniere.data_quality)
+            consommation = derniere.consumption_kw
+
+        charge = (
+            consommation / capacite * 100 if consommation is not None and capacite > 0 else None
+        )
+
+        return SiteConsumption(
+            site_id=site.site_id,
+            site_name=site.site_name,
+            current_consumption_kw=consommation,
+            capacity_kw=capacite,
+            load_percent=charge,
+            data_quality=qualite,
+        )

apps/backend/pyproject.toml

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ dependencies = [
     "pyjwt>=2.10",
     "argon2-cffi>=23.1",
     "anyio>=4.0",
+    "aiosmtplib>=5.1.3",
+    "httpx>=0.28.1",
+    "pandas>=3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [dependency-groups]
@@ -25,7 +28,7 @@ dev = [
     "pytest>=9.1.1",
     "pytest-asyncio>=1.4.0",
     "pytest-cov>=7.1.0",
-    "httpx>=0.28.1",
+    "pandas-stubs>=3.0.5.260914",
 ]
 
 [build-system]

apps/backend/tests/api/acces.py

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# Pourquoi : classification unique des routes du contrat, lue par test_route_protection.py,
+# test_openapi.py et test_matrice_acces.py. Trois listes séparées dérivaient auparavant chacune
+# de leur côté, et deux entrées de ROUTES_A_ROLE ne correspondaient plus à aucune route sans que
+# rien ne le signale.
+# Piège : les trois ensembles doivent rester disjoints et couvrir tout le schéma. C'est
+# `test_every_declared_route_is_classified` qui le vérifie, pas la relecture.
+
+from typing import Final
+
+from app.core.roles import Role
+
+Route = tuple[str, str]
+
+ROUTES_PUBLIQUES: Final[frozenset[Route]] = frozenset(
+    {
+        ("GET", "/api/v1/health/live"),
+        ("GET", "/api/v1/health/ready"),
+        ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/login"),
+        # Sans cookie, la déconnexion ne fait rien et répond 204 : elle est idempotente.
+        ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/logout"),
+        ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/forgot-password"),
+        # Protégée par le jeton dans le corps de la requête, pas par un `Principal` : aucune
+        # authentification préalable ne s'applique, c'est la validité du jeton qui tranche.
+        ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/reset-password"),
+        # Même raison : lecture seule, protégée par le jeton passé en paramètre, pas par un
+        # `Principal`. Le jeton est un secret de 256 bits, non brute-forçable.
+        ("GET", "/api/v1/auth/reset-password/validate"),
+        ("GET", "/metrics"),
+    }
+)
+
+# Le cookie opaque porte seul l'autorisation : sans lui la route rend 401, mais aucun `Principal`
+# n'est construit et `require_role` n'entre jamais en jeu.
+ROUTE_COOKIE: Final[frozenset[Route]] = frozenset({("POST", "/api/v1/auth/refresh")})
+
+# Authentifiées par `CurrentPrincipalDep` nu, donc hors de `require_role` et, avec lui, hors du
+# refus `password_change_required`. Volontaire pour `/auth/password`, qui est la sortie de l'état
+# provisoire ; subi pour `/auth/logout-all`, cf. test_matrice_acces.py.
+ROUTES_SANS_ROLE: Final[frozenset[Route]] = frozenset(
+    {
+        ("GET", "/api/v1/auth/me"),
+        ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/password"),
+        ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/logout-all"),
+    }
+)
+
+ROLE_MINIMUM: Final[dict[Route, Role]] = {
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/sites"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/sites/{site_id}"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/sites/{site_id}/current"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/alerts"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/recommendations"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/recommendations/{recommendation_id}"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("POST", "/api/v1/recommendations/generate"): Role.ADMIN,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/stats/summary"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/readings"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/predictions"): Role.LECTEUR,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/sensors/status"): Role.ADMIN,
+    ("GET", "/api/v1/users"): Role.ADMIN,
+    ("POST", "/api/v1/users"): Role.ADMIN,
+    ("PATCH", "/api/v1/users/{user_id}"): Role.ADMIN,
+    ("POST", "/api/v1/users/{user_id}/password-reset"): Role.ADMIN,
+}
+
+# Piège : `{recommendation_id}` est typé `int` et `{user_id}` est un UUID. Une substitution
+# uniforme par une chaîne quelconque rendrait 422 avant d'atteindre la garde de rôle, et le test
+# passerait en prouvant autre chose que ce qu'il annonce.
+SUBSTITUTIONS: Final[dict[str, str]] = {
+    "{user_id}": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000",
+    "{site_id}": "site-absent-du-jeu-de-donnees",
+    "{recommendation_id}": "999999999",
+}
+
+
+def chemin_concret(chemin: str) -> str:
+    for gabarit, valeur in SUBSTITUTIONS.items():
+        chemin = chemin.replace(gabarit, valeur)
+    return chemin
+
+
+def routes_du_schema(schema: dict[str, object]) -> list[Route]:
+    chemins: dict[str, dict[str, object]] = schema["paths"]  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    return [
+        (methode.upper(), chemin)
+        for chemin, operations in chemins.items()
+        for methode in operations
+        if methode.upper() in {"GET", "POST", "PATCH", "PUT", "DELETE"}
+    ]

apps/backend/tests/api/test_alerts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from app.api.deps import get_alert_service, get_current_principal
+from app.core.principal import Principal
+from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
+from app.models.energy import Alert
+from app.schemas.alert import AlertSeverity
+
+
+def principal(role: Role = Role.LECTEUR) -> Principal:
+    return Principal(
+        id=uuid4(),
+        email=f"{role.value}@enervision.fr",
+        role=role,
+        kind=AccountKind.HUMAIN,
+        must_change_password=False,
+    )
+
+
+def alert(alert_id: int = 1, site_id: str = "site-1", severity: str = "high") -> Alert:
+    return Alert(
+        alert_id=alert_id,
+        source_alert_id=f"ALR-{alert_id}",
+        site_id=site_id,
+        source="enervision",
+        timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC),
+        type="threshold",
+        severity=severity,
+        message="Dépassement du seuil configuré",
+        value=812.5,
+        threshold=720.0,
+        metric="consumption_kw",
+        prediction_id=None,
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+
+
+class FauxService:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.alert = alert()
+        self.appels: list[tuple[str | None, str | None]] = []
+
+    async def list_all(
+        self, *, site_id: str | None = None, severity: str | None = None
+    ) -> list[Alert]:
+        self.appels.append((site_id, severity))
+        return [self.alert]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def lecteur_connecte(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[None]:
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: principal()
+    yield
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def servi(app: FastAPI, lecteur_connecte: None) -> Iterator[Callable[[], FauxService]]:
+    def installe() -> FauxService:
+        service = FauxService()
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_alert_service] = lambda: service
+        return service
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_alert_service, None)
+
+
+async def test_list_alerts_returns_the_alerts(
+    servi: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/alerts")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    corps = response.json()
+    assert corps == [
+        {
+            "alert_id": 1,
+            "site_id": "site-1",
+            "timestamp": "2026-09-16T00:00:00Z",
+            "type": "threshold",
+            "severity": "high",
+            "message": "Dépassement du seuil configuré",
+            "value": 812.5,
+            "threshold": 720.0,
+            "metric": "consumption_kw",
+            "prediction_id": None,
+        }
+    ]
+
+
+async def test_list_alerts_transmits_the_site_id_filter(
+    servi: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    service = servi()
+
+    await client.get("/api/v1/alerts?site_id=site-1")
+
+    assert service.appels == [("site-1", None)]
+
+
+async def test_list_alerts_transmits_the_severity_filter(
+    servi: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    service = servi()
+
+    await client.get("/api/v1/alerts?severity=critical")
+
+    assert service.appels == [(None, AlertSeverity.CRITICAL)]
+
+
+async def test_list_alerts_returns_422_for_an_unknown_severity(
+    servi: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/alerts?severity=invalide")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 422
+
+
+async def test_list_alerts_returns_an_empty_list_when_there_is_nothing(
+    lecteur_connecte: None, fake_session: Callable[..., None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_session(result=[])
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/alerts")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == []

apps/backend/tests/api/test_auth.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
 from app.services.auth import (
     AuthenticatedSession,
     InvalidCredentialsError,
+    InvalidOrExpiredResetTokenError,
     RateLimitedError,
     SessionRejectedError,
 )
@@ -27,15 +28,27 @@ PRINCIPAL = Principal(
 
 
 class FauxService:
-    def __init__(self, erreur: Exception | None = None) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, erreur: Exception | None = None, *, jeton_valide: bool = True) -> None:
         self._erreur = erreur
+        self._jeton_valide = jeton_valide
 
     async def refresh(self, **_: object) -> AuthenticatedSession:
         return await self.authenticate()
 
+    async def is_reset_token_valid(self, **_: object) -> bool:
+        return self._jeton_valide
+
     async def logout(self, **_: object) -> None:
         return None
 
+    async def request_password_reset(self, **_: object) -> None:
+        if self._erreur is not None:
+            raise self._erreur
+        return None
+
+    async def confirm_password_reset(self, **_: object) -> AuthenticatedSession:
+        return await self.authenticate()
+
     async def authenticate(self, **_: object) -> AuthenticatedSession:
         if self._erreur is not None:
             raise self._erreur
@@ -206,3 +219,126 @@ async def test_a_cookie_bearing_route_accepts_a_request_without_origin(
     response = await client.post("/api/v1/auth/logout")
 
     assert response.status_code != 403
+
+
+async def test_forgot_password_answers_202_when_the_account_exists(
+    fake_auth_service: list[Exception | None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    response = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/auth/forgot-password", json={"email": "operateur@enervision.fr"}
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 202
+    assert response.headers["cache-control"] == "no-store"
+
+
+async def test_forgot_password_answers_202_identically_when_the_account_is_unknown(
+    fake_auth_service: list[Exception | None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    response = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/auth/forgot-password", json={"email": "inconnu@enervision.fr"}
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 202
+
+
+async def test_forgot_password_returns_429_with_a_retry_after_when_the_rate_limit_is_reached(
+    fake_auth_service: list[Exception | None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_auth_service[0] = RateLimitedError(900)
+
+    response = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/auth/forgot-password", json={"email": "operateur@enervision.fr"}
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 429
+    assert response.headers["retry-after"] == "900"
+
+
+async def test_forgot_password_rejects_a_malformed_email(
+    fake_auth_service: list[Exception | None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    response = await client.post("/api/v1/auth/forgot-password", json={"email": "pas-un-email"})
+
+    assert response.status_code == 422
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fake_auth_service_reset_validity(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[list[bool]]:
+    programme = [True]
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_auth_service] = lambda: FauxService(jeton_valide=programme[0])
+    yield programme
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_auth_service, None)
+
+
+async def test_validate_reset_token_reports_a_living_token(
+    fake_auth_service_reset_validity: list[bool], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    response = await client.get(
+        "/api/v1/auth/reset-password/validate", params={"token": "un-secret-opaque"}
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {"valid": True}
+
+
+async def test_validate_reset_token_reports_an_invalid_or_expired_token(
+    fake_auth_service_reset_validity: list[bool], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_auth_service_reset_validity[0] = False
+
+    response = await client.get(
+        "/api/v1/auth/reset-password/validate", params={"token": "un-secret-perime"}
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {"valid": False}
+
+
+async def test_reset_password_returns_the_token_and_the_cookie_on_success(
+    fake_auth_service: list[Exception | None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    response = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/auth/reset-password",
+        json={"token": "un-secret-opaque", "new_password": "Un-nouveau-mot-de-passe1!"},
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.cookies.get("ev_refresh") is not None
+    assert "refresh_secret" not in response.text
+
+
+async def test_reset_password_rejects_an_invalid_or_expired_token(
+    fake_auth_service: list[Exception | None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_auth_service[0] = InvalidOrExpiredResetTokenError("Lien invalide ou expiré")
+
+    response = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/auth/reset-password",
+        json={"token": "un-secret-perime", "new_password": "Un-nouveau-mot-de-passe1!"},
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+
+
+async def test_reset_password_rejects_a_weak_password(
+    fake_auth_service: list[Exception | None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    response = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/auth/reset-password",
+        json={"token": "un-secret-opaque", "new_password": "trop-simple"},
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 422
+
+
+async def test_reset_password_refuses_a_foreign_origin(
+    fake_auth_service: list[Exception | None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    response = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/auth/reset-password",
+        json={"token": "un-secret-opaque", "new_password": "Un-nouveau-mot-de-passe1!"},
+        headers={"Origin": "https://malveillant.example"},
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 403

apps/backend/tests/api/test_matrice_acces.py

@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+# Pourquoi : la matrice rôle x route sur les routes réelles. `test_authorization.py` la joue déjà,
+# mais contre une route jetable montée par une fixture, ce qui ne dit rien du niveau effectivement
+# posé sur `/sites` ou `/users`. `ROLE_MINIMUM` (tests/api/acces.py) est la référence, et ce
+# fichier est ce qui la confronte au comportement observé.
+# Piège : l'assertion porte sur le refus de la garde, pas sur un 200. Un rôle suffisant peut
+# légitimement recevoir 404 ou 422 selon les données ; ce qui compte est qu'il ne reçoive pas le
+# 403 `Droits insuffisants`. Sans cette nuance, le test dépendrait du contenu de la base.
+# Les tests `integration` en fin de fichier rejouent la même matrice avec de vrais jetons, donc en
+# traversant le décodage du JWT et la relecture du compte, ce que l'override court-circuite.
+
+import uuid
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Callable, Iterator
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from httpx import AsyncClient, Response
+from sqlalchemy import text
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_principal
+from app.core.hashing import build_hasher
+from app.core.principal import Principal
+from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role, has_at_least
+from app.db.session import get_session, get_session_factory
+from app.repositories.user import UserRepository
+from tests.api.acces import ROLE_MINIMUM, chemin_concret
+
+ROLES = [Role.LECTEUR, Role.OPERATEUR, Role.ADMIN]
+IDS_DE_ROLE = ["lecteur", "operateur", "admin"]
+REFUS_DE_DROITS = "Droits insuffisants"
+REFUS_DE_MOT_DE_PASSE = "password_change_required"
+MOT_DE_PASSE = "un-mot-de-passe-de-recette"
+
+
+# `FakeSession` de tests/factories.py rend un unique objet pour les trois formes d'appel, ce qui
+# suffit à un test d'endpoint ciblé mais pas à balayer 13 routes qui interrogent chacune la base
+# à sa façon. Ce double rend un résultat vide quelle que soit la forme demandée, pour que la
+# réponse observée vienne de la garde de rôle et jamais d'un double mal ajusté.
+class ResultatVide:
+    def scalars(self) -> ResultatVide:
+        return self
+
+    def all(self) -> list[object]:
+        return []
+
+    def first(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    def one_or_none(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    def scalar_one_or_none(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    def mappings(self) -> ResultatVide:
+        return self
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[object]:
+        return iter(())
+
+
+class SessionMuette:
+    async def scalar(self, *_: object, **__: object) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    async def execute(self, *_: object, **__: object) -> ResultatVide:
+        return ResultatVide()
+
+    async def scalars(self, *_: object, **__: object) -> ResultatVide:
+        return ResultatVide()
+
+    async def get(self, *_: object, **__: object) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    async def flush(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    async def commit(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    async def rollback(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    def add(self, *_: object, **__: object) -> None:
+        return None
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def base_muette(app: FastAPI) -> None:
+    async def override() -> AsyncIterator[SessionMuette]:
+        yield SessionMuette()
+
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_session] = override
+
+
+def principal(role: Role, *, must_change_password: bool = False) -> Principal:
+    return Principal(
+        id=uuid.uuid4(),
+        email=f"matrice-{role.value}@enervision.fr",
+        role=role,
+        kind=AccountKind.HUMAIN,
+        must_change_password=must_change_password,
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def connecte(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[Callable[[Principal], None]]:
+    def installe(acteur: Principal) -> None:
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: acteur
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+async def appelle(client: AsyncClient, methode: str, chemin: str, **kwargs: object) -> Response:
+    return await client.request(methode, chemin_concret(chemin), json={}, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+
+def motif_du_refus(response: Response) -> str | None:
+    if response.status_code != 403:
+        return None
+    detail = response.json().get("detail")
+    return detail if isinstance(detail, str) else None
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("role", ROLES, ids=IDS_DE_ROLE)
+async def test_a_role_below_the_minimum_is_refused_on_every_guarded_route(
+    connecte: Callable[[Principal], None],
+    client: AsyncClient,
+    base_muette: None,
+    role: Role,
+) -> None:
+    connecte(principal(role))
+    laissees_passer: list[tuple[str, str, int]] = []
+
+    for (methode, chemin), minimum in ROLE_MINIMUM.items():
+        if has_at_least(role, minimum):
+            continue
+        response = await appelle(client, methode, chemin)
+        if motif_du_refus(response) != REFUS_DE_DROITS:
+            laissees_passer.append((methode, chemin, response.status_code))
+
+    assert laissees_passer == []
+
+
+# Le pendant du test précédent : sans lui, une garde posée trop haut, par exemple `AdminDep` sur
+# `/sites`, ne ferait échouer aucun test du dépôt.
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("role", ROLES, ids=IDS_DE_ROLE)
+async def test_a_role_at_or_above_the_minimum_is_never_refused_by_the_guard(
+    connecte: Callable[[Principal], None],
+    client: AsyncClient,
+    base_muette: None,
+    role: Role,
+) -> None:
+    connecte(principal(role))
+    refusees: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
+
+    for (methode, chemin), minimum in ROLE_MINIMUM.items():
+        if not has_at_least(role, minimum):
+            continue
+        response = await appelle(client, methode, chemin)
+        if motif_du_refus(response) == REFUS_DE_DROITS:
+            refusees.append((methode, chemin))
+
+    assert refusees == []
+
+
+async def test_a_pending_password_change_is_refused_on_every_guarded_route(
+    connecte: Callable[[Principal], None],
+    client: AsyncClient,
+    base_muette: None,
+) -> None:
+    connecte(principal(Role.ADMIN, must_change_password=True))
+    laissees_passer: list[tuple[str, str, int]] = []
+
+    for methode, chemin in ROLE_MINIMUM:
+        response = await appelle(client, methode, chemin)
+        if motif_du_refus(response) != REFUS_DE_MOT_DE_PASSE:
+            laissees_passer.append((methode, chemin, response.status_code))
+
+    assert laissees_passer == []
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+async def comptes_par_role() -> AsyncIterator[dict[Role, str]]:
+    marque = uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]
+    hacheur = build_hasher(time_cost=1, memory_cost_kib=8192, parallelism=1, max_concurrency=2)
+    empreinte = await hacheur.hash(MOT_DE_PASSE)
+    adresses = {role: f"matrice-{marque}-{role.value}@enervision.fr" for role in ROLES}
+
+    async with get_session_factory()() as session:
+        depot = UserRepository(session)
+        for role, email in adresses.items():
+            await depot.create(email=email, password_hash=empreinte, role=role)
+        await session.commit()
+
+    yield adresses
+
+    async with get_session_factory()() as session:
+        await session.execute(
+            text("delete from app_user where email like :motif"), {"motif": f"matrice-{marque}-%"}
+        )
+        await session.commit()
+
+
+async def authentifie(client: AsyncClient, email: str) -> dict[str, str]:
+    reponse = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/auth/login", json={"email": email, "password": MOT_DE_PASSE}
+    )
+    assert reponse.status_code == 200, reponse.text
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {reponse.json()['access_token']}"}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("role", ROLES, ids=IDS_DE_ROLE)
+async def test_a_real_token_reaches_exactly_the_routes_of_its_rank(
+    comptes_par_role: dict[Role, str], client: AsyncClient, role: Role
+) -> None:
+    entetes = await authentifie(client, comptes_par_role[role])
+    ecarts: list[tuple[str, str, int, str]] = []
+
+    for (methode, chemin), minimum in ROLE_MINIMUM.items():
+        response = await appelle(client, methode, chemin, headers=entetes)
+        refuse = motif_du_refus(response) == REFUS_DE_DROITS
+        if refuse is has_at_least(role, minimum):
+            ecarts.append((methode, chemin, response.status_code, response.text[:120]))
+
+    assert ecarts == []
+
+
+# Contrainte : `operateur` n'ouvre aujourd'hui aucune route de plus que `lecteur`, faute d'écriture
+# métier dans l'API. Figer l'égalité rend la régression visible le jour où une route d'opérateur
+# arrive sans que `ROLE_MINIMUM` soit mis à jour.
+@pytest.mark.integration
+async def test_the_operator_rank_opens_nothing_more_than_the_reader_rank(
+    comptes_par_role: dict[Role, str], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    lecteur = await authentifie(client, comptes_par_role[Role.LECTEUR])
+    operateur = await authentifie(client, comptes_par_role[Role.OPERATEUR])
+    divergences: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
+
+    for methode, chemin in ROLE_MINIMUM:
+        cote_lecteur = await appelle(client, methode, chemin, headers=lecteur)
+        cote_operateur = await appelle(client, methode, chemin, headers=operateur)
+        if cote_lecteur.status_code != cote_operateur.status_code:
+            divergences.append((methode, chemin))
+
+    assert divergences == []
+
+
+# Piège : `/auth/logout-all` prend un `CurrentPrincipalDep` nu, donc elle échappe au gate
+# `must_change_password` que seul `require_role` applique. Comportement figé ici, pas corrigé.
+@pytest.mark.integration
+async def test_a_temporary_password_blocks_the_business_routes_but_not_logout_all(
+    client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    marque = uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]
+    email = f"matrice-{marque}-provisoire@enervision.fr"
+    hacheur = build_hasher(time_cost=1, memory_cost_kib=8192, parallelism=1, max_concurrency=2)
+    empreinte = await hacheur.hash(MOT_DE_PASSE)
+
+    async with get_session_factory()() as session:
+        await UserRepository(session).create(
+            email=email, password_hash=empreinte, role=Role.ADMIN, must_change_password=True
+        )
+        await session.commit()
+
+    try:
+        entetes = await authentifie(client, email)
+        sites = await client.get("/api/v1/sites", headers=entetes)
+        identite = await client.get("/api/v1/auth/me", headers=entetes)
+        fermeture = await client.post("/api/v1/auth/logout-all", headers=entetes)
+
+        assert motif_du_refus(sites) == REFUS_DE_MOT_DE_PASSE
+        assert identite.status_code == 200
+        assert fermeture.status_code == 204
+    finally:
+        async with get_session_factory()() as session:
+            await session.execute(text("delete from app_user where email = :e"), {"e": email})
+            await session.commit()

apps/backend/tests/api/test_openapi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+# Pourquoi : `openapi.json` est versionné, donc une route qui change son contrat public le montre
+# dans la diff d'une pull request. `test_the_committed_contract_matches_the_generated_one` est ce
+# qui empêche le fichier de dériver du code sans que personne ne le voie.
+
+import json
+from typing import Any
+
+import pytest
+
+from app import cli
+from tests.api.acces import ROLE_MINIMUM
+
+METHODES = {"get", "post", "patch", "put", "delete"}
+
+# `/auth/logout` lit le cookie mais ne le réclame pas : sans session elle répond 204, et un 401
+# documenté y serait faux.
+SANS_REFUS = {("POST", "/api/v1/auth/logout")}
+
+ORIGINE_VERIFIEE = {
+    ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/refresh"),
+    ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/logout"),
+    ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/logout-all"),
+    ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/password"),
+}
+
+# Toute route derrière `require_role` (LecteurDep, OperateurDep, AdminDep) peut rendre 403 pour
+# `password_change_required`, pas seulement les routes `admin`.
+# Piège : cette liste était recopiée ici, et deux de ses entrées portaient `{id}` là où le contrat
+# expose `{user_id}`. Elles ne correspondaient donc à aucune opération, et le test ci-dessous
+# passait au vert sans rien vérifier sur ces deux routes. Elle est maintenant dérivée, et
+# `test_every_declared_route_is_classified` interdit l'entrée morte.
+ROUTES_A_ROLE = frozenset(ROLE_MINIMUM)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def schema() -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return cli.schema_du_contrat()
+
+
+def operations(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> list[tuple[str, str, dict[str, Any]]]:
+    return [
+        (methode.upper(), chemin, operation)
+        for chemin, operations_du_chemin in schema["paths"].items()
+        for methode, operation in operations_du_chemin.items()
+        if methode in METHODES
+    ]
+
+
+def test_the_committed_contract_matches_the_generated_one(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    publie = json.loads(cli.CHEMIN_CONTRAT.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+
+    assert publie == schema, "lancer `make openapi` et versionner le fichier obtenu"
+
+
+def test_every_route_demanding_an_identity_says_how_it_refuses(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    muettes = [
+        (methode, chemin)
+        for methode, chemin, operation in operations(schema)
+        if operation.get("security")
+        and (methode, chemin) not in SANS_REFUS
+        and "401" not in operation["responses"]
+    ]
+
+    assert muettes == []
+
+
+def test_every_role_guarded_route_documents_the_role_refusal(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    sans_403 = [
+        (methode, chemin)
+        for methode, chemin, operation in operations(schema)
+        if (methode, chemin) in ROUTES_A_ROLE and "403" not in operation["responses"]
+    ]
+
+    assert sans_403 == []
+
+
+def test_every_origin_checked_route_documents_the_csrf_refusal(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    sans_403 = [
+        (methode, chemin)
+        for methode, chemin, operation in operations(schema)
+        if (methode, chemin) in ORIGINE_VERIFIEE and "403" not in operation["responses"]
+    ]
+
+    assert sans_403 == []
+
+
+def test_the_validation_model_matches_what_the_handler_returns(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    modeles = {
+        operation["responses"]["422"]["content"]["application/json"]["schema"]["$ref"]
+        for _, _, operation in operations(schema)
+        if "422" in operation["responses"]
+    }
+
+    assert modeles == {"#/components/schemas/ValidationErrorResponse"}
+    assert "HTTPValidationError" not in schema["components"]["schemas"]
+
+
+def test_the_rate_limit_documents_the_delay_header(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    trop_de_tentatives = schema["paths"]["/api/v1/auth/login"]["post"]["responses"]["429"]
+
+    assert "Retry-After" in trop_de_tentatives["headers"]
+
+
+def test_the_refresh_cookie_appears_in_the_security_schemes(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    schemes = schema["components"]["securitySchemes"]
+
+    assert schemes["Cookie de rafraîchissement"]["in"] == "cookie"
+    assert schemes["Cookie de rafraîchissement"]["name"] == "ev_refresh"
+
+
+def test_each_tag_used_by_a_route_is_described(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    decrits = {tag["name"] for tag in schema["tags"]}
+
+    for methode, chemin, operation in operations(schema):
+        poses = operation.get("tags", [])
+        assert len(poses) == len(set(poses)), f"tag en double sur {methode} {chemin}"
+        assert set(poses) <= decrits, f"tag non décrit sur {methode} {chemin}"

apps/backend/tests/api/test_predictions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_principal, get_prediction_service
+from app.core.principal import Principal
+from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
+from app.services.prediction import PredictionSummary, SitePrediction, SitePredictionSummary
+
+TARGET_AT = datetime(2026, 9, 16, 13, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+CREATED_AT = datetime(2026, 9, 16, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+def lecteur() -> Principal:
+    # Le garde-fou de rôle (`lecteur` minimum) est déjà couvert par l'ensemble `ROUTES_A_ROLE`
+    # de `tests/api/test_openapi.py` : pas besoin ici d'un paramètre de rôle jamais appelé avec
+    # autre chose que sa valeur par défaut.
+    return Principal(
+        id=uuid4(),
+        email="lecteur@enervision.fr",
+        role=Role.LECTEUR,
+        kind=AccountKind.HUMAIN,
+        must_change_password=False,
+    )
+
+
+class FauxService:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.resume = PredictionSummary(
+            timestamp=datetime.now(UTC),
+            sites=[
+                SitePredictionSummary(
+                    site_id="SITE001",
+                    site_name="Bureau Paris La Défense",
+                    prediction=SitePrediction(
+                        target_at=TARGET_AT,
+                        target_metric="consumption_kwh",
+                        period_minutes=60,
+                        predicted_value=812.5,
+                        status="available",
+                        failure_reason=None,
+                        model_reference="lightgbm-abc123",
+                        created_at=CREATED_AT,
+                    ),
+                ),
+                SitePredictionSummary(site_id="SITE002", site_name="Usine Lyon", prediction=None),
+            ],
+        )
+
+    async def summary(self) -> PredictionSummary:
+        return self.resume
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def servi(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[Callable[[], FauxService]]:
+    def installe() -> FauxService:
+        service = FauxService()
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_prediction_service] = lambda: service
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: lecteur()
+        return service
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_prediction_service, None)
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+async def test_get_predictions_returns_the_service_result(
+    servi: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/predictions")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    corps = response.json()
+    premier, second = corps["sites"]
+    assert premier["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+    assert premier["prediction"]["predicted_value"] == 812.5
+    assert premier["prediction"]["status"] == "available"
+    assert second["site_id"] == "SITE002"
+    assert second["prediction"] is None

apps/backend/tests/api/test_readings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_principal, get_reading_service
+from app.core.principal import Principal
+from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
+from app.models.energy import Reading
+from app.services.reading import FenetreInverseeError, FenetreTropLargeError
+
+
+def principal(role: Role = Role.LECTEUR) -> Principal:
+    return Principal(
+        id=uuid4(),
+        email=f"{role.value}@enervision.fr",
+        role=role,
+        kind=AccountKind.HUMAIN,
+        must_change_password=False,
+    )
+
+
+def reading(reading_id: int = 1, site_id: str = "site-1") -> Reading:
+    return Reading(
+        reading_id=reading_id,
+        site_id=site_id,
+        timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC),
+        source="api_current",
+        consumption_kw=42.5,
+        consumption_kwh=None,
+        consumption_euros=None,
+        voltage_v=230.0,
+        current_a=None,
+        power_factor=None,
+        temperature_celsius=None,
+        humidity_percent=None,
+        solar_irradiance_wm2=None,
+        is_working_hours=True,
+        data_quality="good",
+        null_reasons=None,
+        imputed_values=None,
+        imputation_method=None,
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+
+
+class FauxService:
+    def __init__(self, leve: Exception | None = None) -> None:
+        self.reading = reading()
+        self.leve = leve
+        self.appels: list[tuple[str | None, str | None, str | None, int, int]] = []
+
+    async def list_history(
+        self,
+        *,
+        site_id: str | None = None,
+        start: datetime | None = None,
+        end: datetime | None = None,
+        limit: int,
+        offset: int,
+    ) -> list[Reading]:
+        self.appels.append((site_id, start, end, limit, offset))
+        if self.leve is not None:
+            raise self.leve
+        return [self.reading]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def lecteur_connecte(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[None]:
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: principal()
+    yield
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def servi(app: FastAPI, lecteur_connecte: None) -> Iterator[Callable[..., FauxService]]:
+    def installe(*, leve: Exception | None = None) -> FauxService:
+        service = FauxService(leve=leve)
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_reading_service] = lambda: service
+        return service
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_reading_service, None)
+
+
+async def test_list_readings_returns_the_readings(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/readings")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    corps = response.json()
+    assert corps == [
+        {
+            "reading_id": 1,
+            "site_id": "site-1",
+            "timestamp": "2026-09-16T00:00:00Z",
+            "source": "api_current",
+            "consumption_kw": 42.5,
+            "consumption_kwh": None,
+            "consumption_euros": None,
+            "voltage_v": 230.0,
+            "current_a": None,
+            "power_factor": None,
+            "temperature_celsius": None,
+            "humidity_percent": None,
+            "solar_irradiance_wm2": None,
+            "is_working_hours": True,
+            "data_quality": "good",
+            "null_reasons": None,
+            "imputed_values": None,
+            "imputation_method": None,
+        }
+    ]
+
+
+async def test_list_readings_transmits_the_filters_and_pagination(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    service = servi()
+
+    response = await client.get(
+        "/api/v1/readings",
+        params={
+            "site_id": "site-1",
+            "start": "2026-09-01T00:00:00Z",
+            "end": "2026-09-02T00:00:00Z",
+            "limit": 50,
+            "offset": 10,
+        },
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert service.appels == [
+        (
+            "site-1",
+            datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+            datetime(2026, 9, 2, tzinfo=UTC),
+            50,
+            10,
+        )
+    ]
+
+
+async def test_list_readings_returns_400_when_the_window_is_inverted(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi(leve=FenetreInverseeError())
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/readings")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+
+
+async def test_list_readings_returns_400_when_the_window_is_too_large(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi(leve=FenetreTropLargeError())
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/readings")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+
+
+async def test_list_readings_returns_422_for_a_limit_above_the_maximum(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/readings", params={"limit": 5000})
+
+    assert response.status_code == 422
+
+
+async def test_list_readings_returns_422_for_a_negative_offset(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/readings", params={"offset": -1})
+
+    assert response.status_code == 422
+
+
+async def test_list_readings_returns_an_empty_list_when_there_is_nothing(
+    lecteur_connecte: None, fake_session: Callable[..., None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_session(result=[])
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/readings")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == []

apps/backend/tests/api/test_recommendations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_principal, get_recommendation_service
+from app.core.principal import Principal
+from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
+from app.models.energy import Recommendation
+from app.services.recommendation import RapportGeneration, RecommendationNotFoundError
+
+MOMENT = datetime(2024, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+def principal(role: Role = Role.LECTEUR) -> Principal:
+    return Principal(
+        id=uuid4(),
+        email=f"{role.value}@enervision.fr",
+        role=role,
+        kind=AccountKind.HUMAIN,
+        must_change_password=False,
+    )
+
+
+def recommendation(recommendation_id: int = 1) -> Recommendation:
+    return Recommendation(
+        recommendation_id=recommendation_id,
+        alert_id=1,
+        action="Vérifier la consommation",
+        explanation="Pic détecté",
+        rule_reference="spike-v1",
+        created_at=MOMENT,
+    )
+
+
+class FauxService:
+    def __init__(self, erreur: Exception | None = None) -> None:
+        self._erreur = erreur
+        self.recommendation = recommendation()
+        self.site_demande: str | None = None
+
+    async def list_all(self) -> list[Recommendation]:
+        return [self.recommendation]
+
+    async def get_by_id(self, recommendation_id: int) -> Recommendation:
+        if self._erreur is not None:
+            raise self._erreur
+        return self.recommendation
+
+    async def generate(self, *, site_id: str | None = None) -> RapportGeneration:
+        self.site_demande = site_id
+        return RapportGeneration(alertes_examinees=2, recommandations_creees=3, deja_presentes=1)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def lecteur_connecte(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[None]:
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: principal()
+    yield
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def servi(
+    app: FastAPI, lecteur_connecte: None
+) -> Iterator[Callable[[Exception | None], FauxService]]:
+    def installe(erreur: Exception | None = None) -> FauxService:
+        service = FauxService(erreur)
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_recommendation_service] = lambda: service
+        return service
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_recommendation_service, None)
+
+
+async def test_list_recommendations_returns_the_recommendations(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/recommendations")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    corps = response.json()
+    assert corps == [
+        {
+            "recommendation_id": 1,
+            "alert_id": 1,
+            "action": "Vérifier la consommation",
+            "explanation": "Pic détecté",
+            "rule_reference": "spike-v1",
+            "created_at": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+        }
+    ]
+
+
+async def test_get_recommendation_returns_the_matching_recommendation(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/recommendations/1")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json()["recommendation_id"] == 1
+
+
+async def test_get_recommendation_returns_404_for_an_unknown_recommendation(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi(RecommendationNotFoundError(404))
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/recommendations/404")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+
+
+async def test_list_recommendations_reaches_the_repository_through_the_session(
+    lecteur_connecte: None, fake_session: Callable[..., None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_session(result=[recommendation(1), recommendation(2)])
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/recommendations")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert [r["recommendation_id"] for r in response.json()] == [1, 2]
+
+
+async def test_get_recommendation_reaches_the_repository_through_the_session(
+    lecteur_connecte: None, fake_session: Callable[..., None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_session(result=recommendation(1))
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/recommendations/1")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json()["recommendation_id"] == 1
+
+
+async def test_get_recommendation_returns_404_when_the_session_finds_nothing(
+    lecteur_connecte: None, fake_session: Callable[..., None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_session(result=None)
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/recommendations/404")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def admin_connecte(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[None]:
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: principal(Role.ADMIN)
+    yield
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def servi_en_admin(app: FastAPI, admin_connecte: None) -> Iterator[Callable[[], FauxService]]:
+    def installe() -> FauxService:
+        service = FauxService()
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_recommendation_service] = lambda: service
+        return service
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_recommendation_service, None)
+
+
+async def test_generate_recommendations_returns_the_generation_report(
+    servi_en_admin: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi_en_admin()
+
+    response = await client.post("/api/v1/recommendations/generate")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {
+        "alerts_examined": 2,
+        "recommendations_created": 3,
+        "already_present": 1,
+    }
+
+
+async def test_generate_recommendations_forwards_the_requested_site(
+    servi_en_admin: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    service = servi_en_admin()
+
+    await client.post("/api/v1/recommendations/generate", params={"site_id": "SITE002"})
+
+    assert service.site_demande == "SITE002"
+
+
+async def test_generate_recommendations_refuses_a_reader(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.post("/api/v1/recommendations/generate")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 403

apps/backend/tests/api/test_route_protection.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Ce test est le garde-fou de l'autorisation : rendre une route publique oblige à modifier
-# `ROUTES_PUBLIQUES` ci-dessous, ce qui apparaît en clair dans la diff d'une pull request et
+# `ROUTES_PUBLIQUES` dans `tests/api/acces.py`, ce qui apparaît en clair dans la diff d'une pull
-# demande une justification au relecteur.
+# request et demande une justification au relecteur.
 # Pourquoi : il interroge réellement chaque route sans jeton au lieu d'inspecter l'arbre de
 # dépendances. L'arbre n'est accessible que par l'API privée de FastAPI, et surtout une route
 # peut porter la bonne dépendance tout en répondant quand même.
@@ -11,51 +11,64 @@ import pytest
 from fastapi import FastAPI
 from httpx import AsyncClient
 
-ROUTES_PUBLIQUES = frozenset(
+from tests.api.acces import (
-    {
+    ROLE_MINIMUM,
-        ("GET", "/api/v1/health/live"),
+    ROUTE_COOKIE,
-        ("GET", "/api/v1/health/ready"),
+    ROUTES_PUBLIQUES,
-        ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/login"),
+    ROUTES_SANS_ROLE,
-        # Sans cookie, la déconnexion ne fait rien et répond 204 : elle est idempotente.
+    Route,
-        ("POST", "/api/v1/auth/logout"),
+    chemin_concret,
-        ("GET", "/metrics"),
+    routes_du_schema,
-    }
 )
 
-VALEURS_DE_SUBSTITUTION = "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000"
 STATUTS_DE_REFUS = {401, 403}
+HORS_SCHEMA = {("GET", "/metrics")}
 
 
-def routes_declarees(app: FastAPI) -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
+def routes_declarees(app: FastAPI) -> list[Route]:
     schema: dict[str, Any] = app.openapi()
-    return [
+    return routes_du_schema(schema)
-        (methode.upper(), chemin)
-        for chemin, operations in schema["paths"].items()
-        for methode in operations
-        if methode.upper() in {"GET", "POST", "PATCH", "PUT", "DELETE"}
-    ]
 
 
-def routes_protegees(app: FastAPI) -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
+def routes_protegees(app: FastAPI) -> list[Route]:
     return [route for route in routes_declarees(app) if route not in ROUTES_PUBLIQUES]
 
 
 def test_the_public_allow_list_has_no_stale_entry(app: FastAPI) -> None:
-    declarees = set(routes_declarees(app)) | {("GET", "/metrics")}
+    declarees = set(routes_declarees(app)) | HORS_SCHEMA
 
     inconnues = ROUTES_PUBLIQUES - declarees
 
     assert inconnues == set()
 
 
+# Sans lui, une route ajoutée sans être classée n'est vue par aucun test de rôle : elle hérite
+# du seul contrôle anonyme, et une garde posée au mauvais niveau passe inaperçue.
+def test_every_declared_route_is_classified(app: FastAPI) -> None:
+    classees = ROUTES_PUBLIQUES | ROUTE_COOKIE | ROUTES_SANS_ROLE | set(ROLE_MINIMUM)
+
+    non_classees = set(routes_declarees(app)) - classees
+    fantomes = classees - set(routes_declarees(app)) - HORS_SCHEMA
+
+    assert non_classees == set(), "classer la route dans tests/api/acces.py"
+    assert fantomes == set(), "entrée morte : la route n'existe plus sous ce chemin"
+
+
+def test_the_four_classes_of_routes_stay_disjoint() -> None:
+    classes = [ROUTES_PUBLIQUES, ROUTE_COOKIE, ROUTES_SANS_ROLE, frozenset(ROLE_MINIMUM)]
+
+    for rang, classe in enumerate(classes):
+        for autre in classes[rang + 1 :]:
+            assert classe & autre == frozenset()
+
+
 async def test_every_route_rejects_an_anonymous_caller_unless_explicitly_public(
     app: FastAPI, client: AsyncClient
 ) -> None:
     ouvertes: list[tuple[str, str, int]] = []
 
     for methode, chemin in routes_protegees(app):
-        concret = chemin.replace("{user_id}", VALEURS_DE_SUBSTITUTION)
+        response = await client.request(methode, chemin_concret(chemin), json={})
-        response = await client.request(methode, concret, json={})
         if response.status_code not in STATUTS_DE_REFUS:
             ouvertes.append((methode, chemin, response.status_code))
 
@@ -74,3 +87,19 @@ async def test_the_declared_routes_are_actually_reachable(app: FastAPI) -> None:
 )
 def test_the_health_probes_stay_public(app: FastAPI, chemin: str) -> None:
     assert ("GET", chemin) in ROUTES_PUBLIQUES
+
+
+# Piège : ni les routes `include_in_schema=False` (/docs, /redoc) ni un `Mount` Starlette
+# (/static) n'apparaissent dans `app.openapi()["paths"]`. `routes_declarees()` ne les voit
+# donc jamais, et elles échapperaient silencieusement au garde-fou ci-dessus.
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "chemin",
+    ["/docs", "/redoc", "/static/logo-icon.png"],
+    ids=["swagger_ui", "redoc", "logo_statique"],
+)
+async def test_the_documentation_routes_are_public_by_design(
+    app: FastAPI, client: AsyncClient, chemin: str
+) -> None:
+    response = await client.get(chemin)
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200

apps/backend/tests/api/test_sensors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_principal, get_sensor_service
+from app.core.principal import Principal
+from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
+from app.services.sensor import DiagnosticCapteur, EtatCapteurs, SanteCapteurs, SanteSite
+
+TIMESTAMP = datetime(2026, 9, 16, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+def principal(role: Role = Role.ADMIN) -> Principal:
+    return Principal(
+        id=uuid4(),
+        email=f"{role.value}@enervision.fr",
+        role=role,
+        kind=AccountKind.HUMAIN,
+        must_change_password=False,
+    )
+
+
+class FauxService:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        ok = DiagnosticCapteur(status="ok", since=None)
+        en_echec = DiagnosticCapteur(status="failing", since=TIMESTAMP)
+        self.etat = EtatCapteurs(
+            timestamp=TIMESTAMP,
+            sites=[
+                SanteSite(
+                    site_id="SITE001",
+                    site_name="Bureau Paris La Défense",
+                    sensors=SanteCapteurs(
+                        consumption=ok,
+                        electrical=ok,
+                        temperature=en_echec,
+                        humidity=ok,
+                        network=ok,
+                    ),
+                    overall="degraded",
+                )
+            ],
+        )
+
+    async def status(self) -> EtatCapteurs:
+        return self.etat
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def admin_connecte(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[None]:
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: principal()
+    yield
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def servi(app: FastAPI, admin_connecte: None) -> Iterator[Callable[[], FauxService]]:
+    def installe() -> FauxService:
+        service = FauxService()
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_sensor_service] = lambda: service
+        return service
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_sensor_service, None)
+
+
+async def test_get_status_returns_the_service_result(
+    servi: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sensors/status")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    corps = response.json()
+    assert corps["sites"][0]["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+    assert corps["sites"][0]["overall"] == "degraded"
+    assert corps["sites"][0]["sensors"]["temperature"]["status"] == "failing"
+    assert corps["sites"][0]["sensors"]["consumption"]["status"] == "ok"
+
+
+async def test_get_status_refuses_a_reader(app: FastAPI, client: AsyncClient) -> None:
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: principal(Role.LECTEUR)
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sensors/status")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 403

apps/backend/tests/api/test_sites.py

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_principal, get_site_service
+from app.core.principal import Principal
+from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
+from app.models.energy import Site
+from app.services.site import SiteCurrentReading, SiteNotFoundError
+
+TIMESTAMP = datetime(2026, 9, 16, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+def principal(role: Role = Role.LECTEUR) -> Principal:
+    return Principal(
+        id=uuid4(),
+        email=f"{role.value}@enervision.fr",
+        role=role,
+        kind=AccountKind.HUMAIN,
+        must_change_password=False,
+    )
+
+
+def site(site_id: str = "site-1") -> Site:
+    return Site(
+        site_id=site_id,
+        site_name="Site de test",
+        site_type="industriel",
+        location="Toulouse",
+        capacity_kw=42.0,
+        status="actif",
+    )
+
+
+def lecture_actuelle(site_id: str = "site-1") -> SiteCurrentReading:
+    return SiteCurrentReading(
+        timestamp=TIMESTAMP,
+        site_id=site_id,
+        site_type="industriel",
+        consumption_kw=87.34,
+        consumption_kwh=87.34,
+        voltage_v=401.2,
+        current_a=132.5,
+        power_factor=0.923,
+        temperature_celsius=22.1,
+        humidity_percent=58.4,
+        null_reasons=[],
+        data_quality="good",
+    )
+
+
+class FauxService:
+    def __init__(self, erreur: Exception | None = None) -> None:
+        self._erreur = erreur
+        self.site = site()
+        self.actuel = lecture_actuelle()
+
+    async def list_all(self) -> list[Site]:
+        return [self.site]
+
+    async def get_by_id(self, site_id: str) -> Site:
+        if self._erreur is not None:
+            raise self._erreur
+        return self.site
+
+    async def current(self, site_id: str) -> SiteCurrentReading:
+        if self._erreur is not None:
+            raise self._erreur
+        return self.actuel
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def lecteur_connecte(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[None]:
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: principal()
+    yield
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def servi(
+    app: FastAPI, lecteur_connecte: None
+) -> Iterator[Callable[[Exception | None], FauxService]]:
+    def installe(erreur: Exception | None = None) -> FauxService:
+        service = FauxService(erreur)
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_site_service] = lambda: service
+        return service
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_site_service, None)
+
+
+async def test_list_sites_returns_the_sites(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    corps = response.json()
+    assert corps == [
+        {
+            "site_id": "site-1",
+            "site_name": "Site de test",
+            "site_type": "industriel",
+            "location": "Toulouse",
+            "capacity_kw": 42.0,
+            "status": "actif",
+        }
+    ]
+
+
+async def test_get_site_returns_the_matching_site(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites/site-1")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json()["site_id"] == "site-1"
+
+
+async def test_get_site_returns_404_for_an_unknown_site(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi(SiteNotFoundError("site-inconnu"))
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites/site-inconnu")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+
+
+async def test_get_current_returns_the_latest_reading(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites/site-1/current")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    corps = response.json()
+    assert corps["site_id"] == "site-1"
+    assert corps["data_quality"] == "good"
+    assert corps["consumption_kw"] == 87.34
+
+
+async def test_get_current_returns_404_for_an_unknown_site(
+    servi: Callable[..., FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi(SiteNotFoundError("site-inconnu"))
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites/site-inconnu/current")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+
+
+async def test_list_sites_reaches_the_repository_through_the_session(
+    lecteur_connecte: None, fake_session: Callable[..., None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_session(result=[site("a"), site("b")])
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert [s["site_id"] for s in response.json()] == ["a", "b"]
+
+
+async def test_get_site_reaches_the_repository_through_the_session(
+    lecteur_connecte: None, fake_session: Callable[..., None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_session(result=site("a"))
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites/a")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json()["site_id"] == "a"
+
+
+async def test_get_site_returns_404_when_the_session_finds_nothing(
+    lecteur_connecte: None, fake_session: Callable[..., None], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    fake_session(result=None)
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/sites/inconnu")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 404

apps/backend/tests/api/test_stats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_principal, get_stats_service
+from app.core.principal import Principal
+from app.core.roles import AccountKind, Role
+from app.services.stats import ConsumptionSummary, SiteConsumption
+
+
+def principal(role: Role = Role.LECTEUR) -> Principal:
+    return Principal(
+        id=uuid4(),
+        email=f"{role.value}@enervision.fr",
+        role=role,
+        kind=AccountKind.HUMAIN,
+        must_change_password=False,
+    )
+
+
+class FauxService:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.resume = ConsumptionSummary(
+            timestamp=datetime.now(UTC),
+            total_sites=1,
+            total_consumption_kw=87.34,
+            total_capacity_kw=200,
+            average_load_percent=43.7,
+            sites=[
+                SiteConsumption(
+                    site_id="SITE001",
+                    site_name="Bureau Paris La Défense",
+                    current_consumption_kw=87.34,
+                    capacity_kw=200,
+                    load_percent=43.7,
+                    data_quality="good",
+                )
+            ],
+        )
+
+    async def summary(self) -> ConsumptionSummary:
+        return self.resume
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def servi(app: FastAPI) -> Iterator[Callable[[], FauxService]]:
+    def installe() -> FauxService:
+        service = FauxService()
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_stats_service] = lambda: service
+        app.dependency_overrides[get_current_principal] = lambda: principal()
+        return service
+
+    yield installe
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_stats_service, None)
+    app.dependency_overrides.pop(get_current_principal, None)
+
+
+async def test_get_summary_returns_the_service_result(
+    servi: Callable[[], FauxService], client: AsyncClient
+) -> None:
+    servi()
+
+    response = await client.get("/api/v1/stats/summary")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    corps = response.json()
+    assert corps["total_sites"] == 1
+    assert corps["sites"][0]["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+    assert corps["sites"][0]["data_quality"] == "good"

apps/backend/tests/db/test_data_schema.py

@@ -112,8 +112,10 @@ async def test_duplicate_reading_is_rejected_when_key_matches(
     )
     await data_connection.execute(statement)
 
+    savepoint = data_connection.begin_nested()
+
     with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
-        async with data_connection.begin_nested():
+        async with savepoint:
             await data_connection.execute(statement)
 
 
@@ -147,9 +149,12 @@ async def test_invalid_reading_is_rejected_when_constraints_fail(
     }
     values.update(changes)
 
+    statement = insert(Reading).values(**values)
+    savepoint = data_connection.begin_nested()
+
     with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
-        async with data_connection.begin_nested():
+        async with savepoint:
-            await data_connection.execute(insert(Reading).values(**values))
+            await data_connection.execute(statement)
 
 
 async def test_prediction_requires_period_when_energy_is_predicted(
@@ -164,8 +169,10 @@ async def test_prediction_requires_period_when_energy_is_predicted(
         model_reference="test-model/1",
     )
 
+    savepoint = data_connection.begin_nested()
+
     with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
-        async with data_connection.begin_nested():
+        async with savepoint:
             await data_connection.execute(statement)
 
 
@@ -212,21 +219,22 @@ async def test_alert_rejects_prediction_when_site_differs(
         )
     ).scalar_one()
 
+    statement = insert(Alert).values(
+        source_alert_id=str(uuid4()),
+        site_id=other_site,
+        source="enervision",
+        timestamp=MOMENT,
+        type="spike",
+        severity="high",
+        message="Test",
+        prediction_id=prediction_id,
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+    savepoint = data_connection.begin_nested()
+
     with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
-        async with data_connection.begin_nested():
+        async with savepoint:
-            await data_connection.execute(
+            await data_connection.execute(statement)
-                insert(Alert).values(
-                    source_alert_id=str(uuid4()),
-                    site_id=other_site,
-                    source="enervision",
-                    timestamp=MOMENT,
-                    type="spike",
-                    severity="high",
-                    message="Test",
-                    prediction_id=prediction_id,
-                    raw_data={},
-                )
-            )
 
 
 async def test_recommendation_is_unique_when_alert_and_rule_match(
@@ -256,6 +264,8 @@ async def test_recommendation_is_unique_when_alert_and_rule_match(
     )
     await data_connection.execute(statement)
 
+    savepoint = data_connection.begin_nested()
+
     with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
-        async with data_connection.begin_nested():
+        async with savepoint:
             await data_connection.execute(statement)

apps/backend/tests/etl/test_historical_import.py

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+import hashlib
+import json
+
+import pandas as pd
+import pytest
+
+from app.etl.historical_import import (
+    SOURCE_NAME,
+    build_reading_batch,
+    classify_quality,
+    compute_sha256,
+    load_metadata,
+    normalize_timestamps,
+    validate_source,
+)
+
+
+def make_metadata() -> dict:
+    return {
+        "total_records": 2,
+        "sites": {
+            "SITE001": {},
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def make_dataframe() -> pd.DataFrame:
+    return pd.DataFrame(
+        [
+            {
+                "timestamp": "2023-01-01 00:00:00",
+                "site_id": "SITE001",
+                "site_type": "office",
+                "site_name": "Site 1",
+                "consumption_kwh": 10.5,
+                "consumption_euros": 2.5,
+                "temperature_celsius": 20.0,
+                "humidity_percent": 50.0,
+                "solar_irradiance_wm2": 0.0,
+                "hour": 0,
+                "day_of_week": 6,
+                "day_name": "Sunday",
+                "month": 1,
+                "is_weekend": True,
+                "is_working_hours": False,
+            },
+            {
+                "timestamp": "2023-01-01 01:00:00",
+                "site_id": "SITE001",
+                "site_type": "office",
+                "site_name": "Site 1",
+                "consumption_kwh": 11.0,
+                "consumption_euros": 2.7,
+                "temperature_celsius": 19.5,
+                "humidity_percent": 52.0,
+                "solar_irradiance_wm2": 0.0,
+                "hour": 1,
+                "day_of_week": 6,
+                "day_name": "Sunday",
+                "month": 1,
+                "is_weekend": True,
+                "is_working_hours": False,
+            },
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+def test_compute_sha256(tmp_path):
+    file_path = tmp_path / "dataset.csv"
+    content = b"hello-enervision"
+
+    file_path.write_bytes(content)
+
+    expected = hashlib.sha256(content).hexdigest()
+
+    assert compute_sha256(file_path) == expected
+
+
+def test_load_metadata(tmp_path):
+    metadata_path = tmp_path / "metadata.json"
+
+    metadata = {
+        "total_records": 2,
+        "sites": {
+            "SITE001": {},
+        },
+    }
+
+    metadata_path.write_text(
+        json.dumps(metadata),
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+
+    assert load_metadata(metadata_path) == metadata
+
+
+def test_validate_source_accepts_valid_dataset():
+    frame = make_dataframe()
+
+    validate_source(
+        frame,
+        make_metadata(),
+    )
+
+
+def test_validate_source_rejects_missing_column():
+    frame = make_dataframe().drop(columns=["consumption_kwh"])
+
+    metadata = make_metadata()
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="Colonnes obligatoires absentes",
+    ):
+        validate_source(
+            frame,
+            metadata,
+        )
+
+
+def test_validate_source_rejects_duplicates():
+    frame = make_dataframe()
+
+    frame.loc[1, "timestamp"] = frame.loc[
+        0,
+        "timestamp",
+    ]
+
+    metadata = make_metadata()
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="doublons",
+    ):
+        validate_source(
+            frame,
+            metadata,
+        )
+
+
+def test_validate_source_rejects_unknown_site():
+    frame = make_dataframe()
+
+    frame.loc[1, "site_id"] = "SITE999"
+
+    metadata = make_metadata()
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="Sites incohérents",
+    ):
+        validate_source(
+            frame,
+            metadata,
+        )
+
+
+def test_normalize_timestamps_adds_timezone():
+    frame = make_dataframe()
+
+    normalized = normalize_timestamps(
+        frame,
+        "UTC",
+    )
+
+    assert normalized["timestamp"].dt.tz is not None
+
+    assert "_source_timestamp" in normalized.columns
+
+
+def test_classify_quality_good():
+    row = make_dataframe().iloc[0].to_dict()
+
+    quality, reasons = classify_quality(row)
+
+    assert quality == "good"
+    assert reasons == []
+
+
+def test_classify_quality_degraded_when_consumption_missing():
+    row = make_dataframe().iloc[0].to_dict()
+    row["consumption_kwh"] = None
+
+    quality, reasons = classify_quality(row)
+
+    assert quality == "degraded"
+
+    assert "missing:consumption_kwh" in reasons
+
+
+def test_build_reading_batch_respects_database_contract():
+    frame = normalize_timestamps(
+        make_dataframe(),
+        "UTC",
+    )
+
+    rows = build_reading_batch(
+        frame.iloc[:1],
+        dataset_id=3,
+    )
+
+    assert len(rows) == 1
+
+    row = rows[0]
+
+    assert row["dataset_id"] == 3
+
+    # Important :
+    # contrainte ck_reading_dataset_source.
+    assert row["source"] == "csv"
+    assert SOURCE_NAME == "csv"
+
+    # Important :
+    # contrainte ck_reading_imputation.
+    assert row["imputed_values"] is None
+    assert row["imputation_method"] is None
+
+    assert row["data_quality"] == "good"
+    assert row["null_reasons"] == []
+
+
+def test_build_reading_batch_keeps_missing_values():
+    frame = make_dataframe()
+
+    frame.loc[0, "temperature_celsius"] = None
+
+    frame = normalize_timestamps(
+        frame,
+        "UTC",
+    )
+
+    rows = build_reading_batch(
+        frame.iloc[:1],
+        dataset_id=3,
+    )
+
+    row = rows[0]
+
+    assert row["temperature_celsius"] is None
+
+    assert "missing:temperature_celsius" in row["null_reasons"]
+
+    # RAW ingestion : aucune imputation.
+    assert row["imputed_values"] is None
+    assert row["imputation_method"] is None

apps/backend/tests/etl/test_mock_api_import.py

@@ -0,0 +1,834 @@
+import json
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+from typing import Any
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
+
+import httpx
+import pytest
+from httpx import AsyncClient, MockTransport, Request, Response
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+import app.etl.mock_api_import as mock_api_import
+from app.etl.mock_api_import import (
+    MAX_SITES,
+    READING_INSERT,
+    SOURCE_HISTORY,
+    build_reading_batch,
+    build_reading_row,
+    build_site_row,
+    fetch_readings,
+    fetch_sites,
+    upsert_sites,
+)
+
+
+def make_site() -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "site_id": "SITE001",
+        "site_type": "office",
+        "site_name": "Bureau Paris La Défense",
+        "location": "Paris, France",
+        "capacity_kw": 200,
+        "status": "active",
+    }
+
+
+def make_reading() -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "timestamp": "2024-06-15T12:00:00Z",
+        "site_id": "SITE001",
+        "site_type": "office",
+        "consumption_kw": 87.34,
+        "consumption_kwh": 87.34,
+        "voltage_v": 401.2,
+        "current_a": 132.5,
+        "power_factor": 0.923,
+        "temperature_celsius": 22.1,
+        "humidity_percent": 58.4,
+        "null_reasons": [],
+        "data_quality": "good",
+    }
+
+
+async def test_fetch_sites_returns_sites() -> None:
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        assert request.url.path == "/api/v1/sites"
+
+        return Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            json=[make_site()],
+        )
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    async with AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    ) as client:
+        sites = await fetch_sites(client)
+
+    assert len(sites) == 1
+    assert sites[0]["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+    assert sites[0]["site_type"] == "office"
+
+
+async def test_fetch_sites_rejects_non_list_response() -> None:
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        return Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            json={"unexpected": "payload"},
+        )
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    async with AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    ) as client:
+        with pytest.raises(
+            ValueError,
+            match="La réponse /api/v1/sites doit être une liste",
+        ):
+            await fetch_sites(client)
+
+
+async def test_fetch_readings_sends_expected_query_parameters() -> None:
+    captured_params: dict[str, str] = {}
+
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        nonlocal captured_params
+
+        captured_params = dict(request.url.params)
+
+        return Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            json=[make_reading()],
+        )
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    start_time = datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T12:00:00")
+    end_time = datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T13:00:00")
+
+    async with AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    ) as client:
+        readings = await fetch_readings(
+            client=client,
+            site_id="SITE001",
+            start_time=start_time,
+            end_time=end_time,
+            limit=60,
+        )
+
+    assert len(readings) == 1
+    assert captured_params["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+    assert captured_params["start_time"] == "2024-06-15T12:00:00"
+    assert captured_params["end_time"] == "2024-06-15T13:00:00"
+    assert captured_params["limit"] == "60"
+
+
+async def test_fetch_readings_rejects_non_list_response() -> None:
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        return Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            json={"unexpected": "payload"},
+        )
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    async with AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    ) as client:
+        with pytest.raises(
+            ValueError,
+            match="La réponse /api/v1/readings doit être une liste",
+        ):
+            await fetch_readings(
+                client=client,
+                site_id="SITE001",
+                start_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T12:00:00"),
+                end_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T13:00:00"),
+                limit=60,
+            )
+
+
+async def test_fetch_readings_raises_on_http_error() -> None:
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        return Response(
+            status_code=404,
+            json={"detail": "Site non trouvé"},
+        )
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    async with AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    ) as client:
+        with pytest.raises(httpx.HTTPStatusError):
+            await fetch_readings(
+                client=client,
+                site_id="SITE999",
+                start_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T12:00:00"),
+                end_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T13:00:00"),
+                limit=60,
+            )
+
+
+def test_build_reading_row_respects_database_contract() -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+
+    row = build_reading_row(reading)
+
+    assert row["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+    assert row["source"] == SOURCE_HISTORY
+    assert row["source"] == "api_history"
+    assert row["dataset_id"] is None
+
+    assert row["timestamp"] == datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T12:00:00+00:00")
+
+    assert row["consumption_kw"] == 87.34
+    assert row["consumption_kwh"] == 87.34
+    assert row["data_quality"] == "good"
+    assert row["null_reasons"] == []
+
+    assert row["imputed_values"] is None
+    assert row["imputation_method"] is None
+
+
+def test_build_reading_row_keeps_null_values_and_quality() -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+
+    reading["consumption_kw"] = None
+    reading["consumption_kwh"] = None
+    reading["voltage_v"] = None
+    reading["current_a"] = None
+    reading["power_factor"] = None
+    reading["data_quality"] = "degraded"
+    reading["null_reasons"] = [
+        "consumption_sensor_failure",
+        "electrical_sensor_failure",
+    ]
+
+    row = build_reading_row(reading)
+
+    assert row["consumption_kw"] is None
+    assert row["consumption_kwh"] is None
+    assert row["voltage_v"] is None
+    assert row["current_a"] is None
+    assert row["power_factor"] is None
+
+    assert row["data_quality"] == "degraded"
+    assert row["null_reasons"] == [
+        "consumption_sensor_failure",
+        "electrical_sensor_failure",
+    ]
+
+    assert row["imputed_values"] is None
+    assert row["imputation_method"] is None
+
+
+def test_build_reading_row_keeps_raw_source_data() -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+
+    row = build_reading_row(reading)
+
+    raw_data = json.loads(row["raw_data"])
+
+    assert raw_data == reading
+
+
+def test_build_reading_batch_transforms_all_readings() -> None:
+    first = make_reading()
+
+    second = make_reading()
+    second["timestamp"] = "2024-06-15T12:01:00Z"
+    second["consumption_kw"] = 90.5
+
+    rows = build_reading_batch([first, second])
+
+    assert len(rows) == 2
+
+    assert rows[0]["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+    assert rows[0]["consumption_kw"] == 87.34
+
+    assert rows[1]["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+    assert rows[1]["consumption_kw"] == 90.5
+
+
+def test_create_mock_api_client_requires_credentials(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    settings = SimpleNamespace(
+        mock_api_username=None,
+        mock_api_password=None,
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "get_settings",
+        lambda: settings,
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="Les identifiants de l'API Mock ne sont pas configurés",
+    ):
+        mock_api_import.create_mock_api_client()
+
+
+async def test_create_mock_api_client_uses_configuration(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    password = MagicMock()
+    password.get_secret_value.return_value = "test-password"
+
+    settings = SimpleNamespace(
+        mock_api_base_url="https://mock.test/",
+        mock_api_username="test-user",
+        mock_api_password=password,
+        mock_api_timeout_seconds=10.0,
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "get_settings",
+        lambda: settings,
+    )
+
+    client = mock_api_import.create_mock_api_client()
+
+    try:
+        assert str(client.base_url) == "https://mock.test"
+        assert client.timeout.connect == 10.0
+    finally:
+        await client.aclose()
+
+
+async def test_upsert_sites_with_empty_list_does_nothing() -> None:
+    connection = AsyncMock()
+
+    await upsert_sites(
+        connection,
+        [],
+    )
+
+    connection.execute.assert_not_awaited()
+
+
+async def test_import_mock_api_history_dry_run_does_not_write(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        if request.url.path == "/api/v1/sites":
+            return Response(
+                status_code=200,
+                json=[make_site()],
+            )
+
+        if request.url.path == "/api/v1/readings":
+            return Response(
+                status_code=200,
+                json=[make_reading()],
+            )
+
+        return Response(status_code=404)
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    client = AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "create_mock_api_client",
+        lambda: client,
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "get_settings",
+        lambda: SimpleNamespace(
+            database_url="postgresql+asyncpg://unused",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    create_engine_mock = MagicMock()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "create_async_engine",
+        create_engine_mock,
+    )
+
+    await mock_api_import.import_mock_api_history(
+        start_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T12:00:00"),
+        end_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T13:00:00"),
+        limit=60,
+        dry_run=True,
+    )
+
+    create_engine_mock.assert_not_called()
+
+
+async def test_import_mock_api_history_loads_data(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        if request.url.path == "/api/v1/sites":
+            return Response(
+                status_code=200,
+                json=[make_site()],
+            )
+
+        if request.url.path == "/api/v1/readings":
+            return Response(
+                status_code=200,
+                json=[make_reading()],
+            )
+
+        return Response(status_code=404)
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    client = AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "create_mock_api_client",
+        lambda: client,
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "get_settings",
+        lambda: SimpleNamespace(
+            database_url="postgresql+asyncpg://test:test@localhost/test",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    connection = AsyncMock()
+
+    transaction_context = MagicMock()
+    transaction_context.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=connection,
+    )
+    transaction_context.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=None,
+    )
+
+    engine = MagicMock()
+    engine.begin.return_value = transaction_context
+    engine.dispose = AsyncMock()
+
+    create_engine_mock = MagicMock(
+        return_value=engine,
+    )
+
+    upsert_sites_mock = AsyncMock()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "create_async_engine",
+        create_engine_mock,
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "upsert_sites",
+        upsert_sites_mock,
+    )
+
+    await mock_api_import.import_mock_api_history(
+        start_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T12:00:00"),
+        end_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T13:00:00"),
+        limit=60,
+        dry_run=False,
+    )
+
+    create_engine_mock.assert_called_once_with(
+        "postgresql+asyncpg://test:test@localhost/test",
+        pool_pre_ping=True,
+    )
+
+    upsert_sites_mock.assert_awaited_once_with(
+        connection,
+        [make_site()],
+    )
+
+    connection.execute.assert_awaited_once()
+    engine.dispose.assert_awaited_once()
+
+
+def test_parse_datetime_accepts_z_suffix() -> None:
+    result = mock_api_import.parse_datetime(
+        "2024-06-15T12:00:00Z",
+    )
+
+    assert result == datetime.fromisoformat(
+        "2024-06-15T12:00:00+00:00",
+    )
+
+
+def test_parse_args_reads_cli_parameters(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        sys,
+        "argv",
+        [
+            "mock_api_import",
+            "--start-time",
+            "2024-06-15T12:00:00Z",
+            "--end-time",
+            "2024-06-15T13:00:00Z",
+            "--limit",
+            "60",
+            "--dry-run",
+        ],
+    )
+
+    args = mock_api_import.parse_args()
+
+    assert args.start_time == datetime.fromisoformat(
+        "2024-06-15T12:00:00+00:00",
+    )
+    assert args.end_time == datetime.fromisoformat(
+        "2024-06-15T13:00:00+00:00",
+    )
+    assert args.limit == 60
+    assert args.dry_run is True
+
+
+def test_main_rejects_limit_out_of_bounds(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        sys,
+        "argv",
+        [
+            "mock_api_import",
+            "--start-time",
+            "2024-06-15T12:00:00Z",
+            "--end-time",
+            "2024-06-15T13:00:00Z",
+            "--limit",
+            "0",
+        ],
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="--limit doit être compris entre 1 et 1000",
+    ):
+        mock_api_import.main()
+
+
+def test_main_rejects_invalid_period(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        sys,
+        "argv",
+        [
+            "mock_api_import",
+            "--start-time",
+            "2024-06-15T14:00:00Z",
+            "--end-time",
+            "2024-06-15T13:00:00Z",
+            "--limit",
+            "60",
+        ],
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="--start-time doit être antérieur à --end-time",
+    ):
+        mock_api_import.main()
+
+
+def test_main_runs_import(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    start_time = datetime.fromisoformat(
+        "2024-06-15T12:00:00+00:00",
+    )
+    end_time = datetime.fromisoformat(
+        "2024-06-15T13:00:00+00:00",
+    )
+
+    import_mock = AsyncMock()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "parse_args",
+        lambda: SimpleNamespace(
+            start_time=start_time,
+            end_time=end_time,
+            limit=60,
+            dry_run=True,
+        ),
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mock_api_import,
+        "import_mock_api_history",
+        import_mock,
+    )
+
+    mock_api_import.main()
+
+    import_mock.assert_awaited_once_with(
+        start_time=start_time,
+        end_time=end_time,
+        limit=60,
+        dry_run=True,
+    )
+
+
+async def test_fetch_sites_rejects_a_response_above_the_cap() -> None:
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        return Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            json=[make_site() for _ in range(MAX_SITES + 1)],
+        )
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    async with AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    ) as client:
+        with pytest.raises(
+            ValueError,
+            match=f"dépasse le plafond de {MAX_SITES} sites",
+        ):
+            await fetch_sites(client)
+
+
+async def test_fetch_readings_rejects_a_response_above_the_requested_limit() -> None:
+    def handler(request: Request) -> Response:
+        return Response(
+            status_code=200,
+            json=[make_reading(), make_reading(), make_reading()],
+        )
+
+    transport = MockTransport(handler)
+
+    async with AsyncClient(
+        transport=transport,
+        base_url="https://mock.test",
+    ) as client:
+        with pytest.raises(
+            ValueError,
+            match="dépasse la limite demandée de 2",
+        ):
+            await fetch_readings(
+                client=client,
+                site_id="SITE001",
+                start_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T12:00:00"),
+                end_time=datetime.fromisoformat("2024-06-15T13:00:00"),
+                limit=2,
+            )
+
+
+def test_build_reading_row_neutralises_values_outside_physical_bounds() -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+
+    reading["power_factor"] = 42.0
+    reading["temperature_celsius"] = 1e30
+    reading["humidity_percent"] = -1.0
+
+    row = build_reading_row(reading)
+
+    assert row["power_factor"] is None
+    assert row["temperature_celsius"] is None
+    assert row["humidity_percent"] is None
+
+    assert row["null_reasons"] == [
+        "out_of_physical_bounds:power_factor",
+        "out_of_physical_bounds:temperature_celsius",
+        "out_of_physical_bounds:humidity_percent",
+    ]
+
+    assert row["data_quality"] == "degraded"
+
+    assert json.loads(row["raw_data"])["power_factor"] == 42.0
+
+
+def test_build_reading_row_rejects_a_measure_that_is_not_a_number() -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+
+    reading["consumption_kw"] = "87.34"
+
+    row = build_reading_row(reading)
+
+    assert row["consumption_kw"] is None
+    assert "out_of_physical_bounds:consumption_kw" in row["null_reasons"]
+
+
+def test_build_reading_row_drops_a_quality_the_database_refuses() -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+
+    reading["data_quality"] = "unknown"
+
+    row = build_reading_row(reading)
+
+    assert row["data_quality"] is None
+
+
+def test_build_reading_row_requires_an_identifier() -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+
+    del reading["site_id"]
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="Champ site_id absent ou invalide",
+    ):
+        build_reading_row(reading)
+
+
+def test_build_site_row_keeps_only_the_expected_columns() -> None:
+    site = make_site()
+
+    site["unexpected"] = "valeur hostile"
+    site["capacity_kw"] = -5.0
+    site["status"] = 12
+
+    row = build_site_row(site)
+
+    assert set(row) == {
+        "site_id",
+        "site_type",
+        "site_name",
+        "location",
+        "capacity_kw",
+        "status",
+    }
+
+    assert row["capacity_kw"] is None
+    assert row["status"] is None
+
+
+async def test_upsert_sites_sends_only_the_expected_columns() -> None:
+    connection = AsyncMock()
+
+    site = make_site()
+    site["unexpected"] = "valeur hostile"
+
+    await upsert_sites(
+        connection,
+        [site],
+    )
+
+    rows = connection.execute.await_args.args[1]
+
+    assert "unexpected" not in rows[0]
+    assert rows[0]["site_id"] == "SITE001"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+async def test_reading_insert_is_idempotent(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+    row = build_reading_row(reading)
+
+    connection = await session.connection()
+
+    await upsert_sites(
+        connection,
+        [make_site()],
+    )
+
+    await session.execute(
+        READING_INSERT,
+        [row],
+    )
+
+    await session.execute(
+        READING_INSERT,
+        [row],
+    )
+
+    result = await session.execute(
+        text(
+            """
+            SELECT COUNT(*)
+            FROM reading
+            WHERE site_id = :site_id
+              AND timestamp = :timestamp
+              AND source = :source
+            """
+        ),
+        {
+            "site_id": row["site_id"],
+            "timestamp": row["timestamp"],
+            "source": row["source"],
+        },
+    )
+
+    assert result.scalar_one() == 1
+
+    await session.rollback()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+async def test_out_of_bounds_reading_is_stored_neutralised(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    reading = make_reading()
+    reading["power_factor"] = 42.0
+
+    row = build_reading_row(reading)
+
+    connection = await session.connection()
+
+    await upsert_sites(
+        connection,
+        [make_site()],
+    )
+
+    await session.execute(
+        READING_INSERT,
+        [row],
+    )
+
+    result = await session.execute(
+        text(
+            """
+            SELECT power_factor, data_quality, null_reasons, raw_data ->> 'power_factor'
+            FROM reading
+            WHERE site_id = :site_id
+              AND timestamp = :timestamp
+              AND source = :source
+            """
+        ),
+        {
+            "site_id": row["site_id"],
+            "timestamp": row["timestamp"],
+            "source": row["source"],
+        },
+    )
+
+    stored = result.one()
+
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert stored[0] is None
+    assert stored[1] == "degraded"
+    assert stored[2] == ["out_of_physical_bounds:power_factor"]
+    assert stored[3] == "42.0"

apps/backend/tests/factories.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 from typing import Any
 
 from app.core.config import Settings
@@ -12,6 +13,16 @@ SETTINGS_DE_TEST: dict[str, Any] = {
 }
 
 
+class FakeScalars:
+    """Resultat factice pour `.scalars()` : `.all()` renvoie les lignes fournies."""
+
+    def __init__(self, rows: Sequence[object]) -> None:
+        self._rows = rows
+
+    def all(self) -> Sequence[object]:
+        return self._rows
+
+
 class FakeSession:
     """Session factice : renvoie `result`, ou leve `failure` si elle est fournie."""
 
@@ -25,6 +36,9 @@ class FakeSession:
     async def execute(self, *_: object, **__: object) -> object:
         return self._repondre()
 
+    async def scalars(self, *_: object, **__: object) -> FakeScalars:
+        return FakeScalars(self._repondre() or [])
+
     def _repondre(self) -> object:
         if self._failure is not None:
             raise self._failure

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_alert.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Alert
+from app.repositories.alert import AlertRepository
+from app.schemas.alert import AlertSeverity
+from tests.repositories.test_site import creer as creer_site
+from tests.repositories.test_site import identifiant as identifiant_site
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+
+async def creer_alerte(session: AsyncSession, *, site_id: str, **overrides: object) -> Alert:
+    alerte = Alert(
+        source_alert_id=overrides.get("source_alert_id", f"ALR-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]}"),
+        site_id=site_id,
+        source=overrides.get("source", "enervision"),
+        timestamp=overrides.get("timestamp", datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC)),
+        type=overrides.get("type", "threshold"),
+        severity=overrides.get("severity", "high"),
+        message=overrides.get("message", "Dépassement du seuil configuré"),
+        value=overrides.get("value", 812.5),
+        threshold=overrides.get("threshold", 720.0),
+        metric=overrides.get("metric", "consumption_kw"),
+        prediction_id=overrides.get("prediction_id"),
+        raw_data=overrides.get("raw_data", {}),
+    )
+    session.add(alerte)
+    await session.flush()
+    return alerte
+
+
+async def test_list_all_returns_the_alerts_sorted_by_timestamp_descending(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = AlertRepository(session)
+    ancienne = await creer_alerte(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+    recente = await creer_alerte(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 15, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+
+    alertes = await depot.list_all()
+    identifiants = [
+        a.alert_id for a in alertes if a.alert_id in (ancienne.alert_id, recente.alert_id)
+    ]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [recente.alert_id, ancienne.alert_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_all_filters_by_site_id(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    premier = await creer_site(session)
+    second = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = AlertRepository(session)
+    voulue = await creer_alerte(session, site_id=premier.site_id)
+    await creer_alerte(session, site_id=second.site_id)
+
+    alertes = await depot.list_all(site_id=premier.site_id)
+    identifiants = [a.alert_id for a in alertes]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [voulue.alert_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_all_filters_by_severity(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = AlertRepository(session)
+    voulue = await creer_alerte(session, site_id=site.site_id, severity="critical")
+    await creer_alerte(session, site_id=site.site_id, severity="low")
+
+    alertes = await depot.list_all(severity=AlertSeverity.CRITICAL)
+    identifiants = [a.alert_id for a in alertes]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [voulue.alert_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_all_returns_an_empty_list_when_there_is_nothing(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    depot = AlertRepository(session)
+
+    alertes = await depot.list_all(site_id=identifiant_site())
+
+    assert list(alertes) == []
+
+
+def _alerte_a_inserer(*, site_id: str, source_alert_id: str) -> Alert:
+    return Alert(
+        source_alert_id=source_alert_id,
+        site_id=site_id,
+        source="enervision",
+        timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC),
+        type="threshold",
+        severity="high",
+        message="Dépassement du seuil configuré",
+        value=812.5,
+        threshold=720.0,
+        metric="consumption_kw",
+        prediction_id=None,
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+
+
+async def test_create_many_inserts_every_alert(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = AlertRepository(session)
+
+    creees = await depot.create_many(
+        [
+            _alerte_a_inserer(site_id=site.site_id, source_alert_id="threshold:a"),
+            _alerte_a_inserer(site_id=site.site_id, source_alert_id="threshold:b"),
+        ]
+    )
+    identifiants = [a.alert_id for a in creees]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert len(identifiants) == 2
+    assert all(identifiant is not None for identifiant in identifiants)
+
+
+async def test_create_many_skips_a_duplicate_source_alert_id(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = AlertRepository(session)
+    await depot.create_many(
+        [_alerte_a_inserer(site_id=site.site_id, source_alert_id="threshold:rejouee")]
+    )
+
+    rejouees = await depot.create_many(
+        [_alerte_a_inserer(site_id=site.site_id, source_alert_id="threshold:rejouee")]
+    )
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert rejouees == []
+
+
+async def test_create_many_does_nothing_for_an_empty_list(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = AlertRepository(session)
+
+    creees = await depot.create_many([])
+
+    assert creees == []

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_audit_log.py

@@ -49,8 +49,10 @@ async def test_the_database_refuses_to_mutate_the_audit_log(
 ) -> None:
     await une_ligne(session)
 
+    requete = text(instruction)
+
     with pytest.raises(DBAPIError, match="ajout seul"):
-        await session.execute(text(instruction))
+        await session.execute(requete)
     await session.rollback()
 
 

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_password_reset_token.py

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+# Le premier test démontre l'atomicité de `consume()` : sur un double, deux soumissions
+# concurrentes du même lien réussiraient toutes les deux.
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.roles import Role
+from app.core.security import fingerprint_refresh, generate_refresh_secret
+from app.repositories.password_reset_token import PasswordResetTokenRepository
+from app.repositories.user import UserRepository
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+DUREE = timedelta(minutes=15)
+
+
+async def un_compte(session: AsyncSession) -> uuid.UUID:
+    compte = await UserRepository(session).create(
+        email=f"reset-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]}@enervision.fr",
+        password_hash="$argon2id$x",
+        role=Role.LECTEUR,
+    )
+    return compte.id
+
+
+async def un_jeton(
+    depot: PasswordResetTokenRepository, user_id: uuid.UUID, *, duree: timedelta = DUREE
+) -> str:
+    secret = generate_refresh_secret()
+    await depot.create(
+        user_id=user_id,
+        token_hash=fingerprint_refresh(secret),
+        expires_at=datetime.now(UTC) + duree,
+        client_ip="203.0.113.10",
+        user_agent="pytest",
+    )
+    return secret
+
+
+async def test_consume_only_succeeds_once(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = PasswordResetTokenRepository(session)
+    secret = await un_jeton(depot, await un_compte(session))
+
+    premier = await depot.consume(fingerprint_refresh(secret))
+    second = await depot.consume(fingerprint_refresh(secret))
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert premier is not None
+    assert second is None
+
+
+async def test_consume_refuses_an_expired_token(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = PasswordResetTokenRepository(session)
+    secret = await un_jeton(depot, await un_compte(session), duree=-timedelta(minutes=1))
+
+    revendique = await depot.consume(fingerprint_refresh(secret))
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert revendique is None
+
+
+async def test_consume_returns_nothing_for_an_unknown_fingerprint(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    revendique = await PasswordResetTokenRepository(session).consume(
+        fingerprint_refresh(generate_refresh_secret())
+    )
+
+    assert revendique is None
+
+
+async def test_invalidate_all_for_user_only_touches_living_tokens(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    depot = PasswordResetTokenRepository(session)
+    compte = await un_compte(session)
+    await un_jeton(depot, compte)
+    await un_jeton(depot, compte)
+
+    invalides = await depot.invalidate_all_for_user(compte)
+    second_passage = await depot.invalidate_all_for_user(compte)
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert invalides == 2
+    assert second_passage == 0
+
+
+async def test_exists_valid_is_true_for_a_living_token(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = PasswordResetTokenRepository(session)
+    secret = await un_jeton(depot, await un_compte(session))
+
+    assert await depot.exists_valid(fingerprint_refresh(secret)) is True
+
+
+async def test_exists_valid_is_false_for_an_expired_token(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = PasswordResetTokenRepository(session)
+    secret = await un_jeton(depot, await un_compte(session), duree=-timedelta(minutes=1))
+
+    assert await depot.exists_valid(fingerprint_refresh(secret)) is False
+
+
+async def test_exists_valid_is_false_once_the_token_is_consumed(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = PasswordResetTokenRepository(session)
+    secret = await un_jeton(depot, await un_compte(session))
+    await depot.consume(fingerprint_refresh(secret))
+
+    assert await depot.exists_valid(fingerprint_refresh(secret)) is False
+
+
+async def test_exists_valid_is_false_for_an_unknown_fingerprint(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = PasswordResetTokenRepository(session)
+
+    assert await depot.exists_valid(fingerprint_refresh(generate_refresh_secret())) is False
+
+
+async def test_the_database_refuses_two_tokens_sharing_a_fingerprint(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    depot = PasswordResetTokenRepository(session)
+    compte = await un_compte(session)
+    secret = generate_refresh_secret()
+    await depot.create(
+        user_id=compte,
+        token_hash=fingerprint_refresh(secret),
+        expires_at=datetime.now(UTC) + DUREE,
+        client_ip=None,
+        user_agent=None,
+    )
+
+    empreinte = fingerprint_refresh(secret)
+    expiration = datetime.now(UTC) + DUREE
+
+    with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
+        await depot.create(
+            user_id=compte,
+            token_hash=empreinte,
+            expires_at=expiration,
+            client_ip=None,
+            user_agent=None,
+        )
+    await session.rollback()

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_prediction.py

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Prediction
+from app.repositories.prediction import PredictionRepository
+from tests.repositories.test_site import creer as creer_site
+from tests.repositories.test_site import identifiant as identifiant_site
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+
+async def creer_prediction(
+    session: AsyncSession, *, site_id: str, **overrides: object
+) -> Prediction:
+    prediction = Prediction(
+        site_id=site_id,
+        target_at=overrides.get("target_at", datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC)),
+        target_metric=overrides.get("target_metric", "consumption_kwh"),
+        period_minutes=overrides.get("period_minutes", 60),
+        predicted_value=overrides.get("predicted_value", 42.0),
+        model_reference=overrides.get("model_reference", "lightgbm-test"),
+        status=overrides.get("status", "available"),
+        failure_reason=overrides.get("failure_reason"),
+    )
+    session.add(prediction)
+    await session.flush()
+    return prediction
+
+
+async def test_list_since_excludes_predictions_before_the_cutoff(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = PredictionRepository(session)
+    dedans = await creer_prediction(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, target_at=datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+    await creer_prediction(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, target_at=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_since(
+        since=datetime(2026, 9, 10, tzinfo=UTC), site_id=site.site_id
+    )
+    identifiants = [p.prediction_id for p in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [dedans.prediction_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_since_excludes_predictions_that_are_not_available(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = PredictionRepository(session)
+    await creer_prediction(
+        session,
+        site_id=site.site_id,
+        target_at=datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC),
+        status="insufficient_data",
+        predicted_value=None,
+        failure_reason="pas assez d'historique",
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_since(since=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC), site_id=site.site_id)
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert list(resultats) == []
+
+
+async def test_list_since_breaks_a_target_at_tie_by_ascending_prediction_id(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    # `prediction` n'a pas d'unicité sur `(site_id, target_at)` : deux runs de scoring sans
+    # nouvelle lecture entre-temps produisent deux lignes `available` à la même cible. Sans ce
+    # départage, `_detect_anomaly` retiendrait une ligne au hasard plutôt que le run le plus
+    # récent.
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = PredictionRepository(session)
+    cible = datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC)
+    premier_run = await creer_prediction(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, target_at=cible, predicted_value=10.0
+    )
+    second_run = await creer_prediction(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, target_at=cible, predicted_value=20.0
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_since(since=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC), site_id=site.site_id)
+    identifiants = [p.prediction_id for p in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [premier_run.prediction_id, second_run.prediction_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_since_filters_by_site_id(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    premier = await creer_site(session)
+    second = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = PredictionRepository(session)
+    voulue = await creer_prediction(session, site_id=premier.site_id)
+    await creer_prediction(session, site_id=second.site_id)
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_since(
+        since=datetime(2026, 8, 1, tzinfo=UTC), site_id=premier.site_id
+    )
+    identifiants = [p.prediction_id for p in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [voulue.prediction_id]
+
+
+async def test_latest_by_site_keeps_only_the_most_recent_target(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = PredictionRepository(session)
+    ancienne = await creer_prediction(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, target_at=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+    recente = await creer_prediction(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, target_at=datetime(2026, 9, 15, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.latest_by_site()
+    identifiants = [
+        p.prediction_id
+        for p in resultats
+        if p.prediction_id in (ancienne.prediction_id, recente.prediction_id)
+    ]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [recente.prediction_id]
+
+
+async def test_latest_by_site_returns_one_row_per_site(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    premier = await creer_site(session)
+    second = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = PredictionRepository(session)
+    voulue_premier = await creer_prediction(session, site_id=premier.site_id)
+    voulue_second = await creer_prediction(session, site_id=second.site_id)
+
+    resultats = await depot.latest_by_site()
+    identifiants = {p.site_id for p in resultats if p.site_id in (premier.site_id, second.site_id)}
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == {voulue_premier.site_id, voulue_second.site_id}
+
+
+async def test_latest_by_site_keeps_an_insufficient_data_prediction(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = PredictionRepository(session)
+    voulue = await creer_prediction(
+        session,
+        site_id=site.site_id,
+        status="insufficient_data",
+        predicted_value=None,
+        failure_reason="pas assez d'historique",
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.latest_by_site()
+    identifiants = [p.prediction_id for p in resultats if p.site_id == site.site_id]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [voulue.prediction_id]
+
+
+async def test_latest_by_site_returns_an_empty_list_when_there_is_nothing(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    depot = PredictionRepository(session)
+
+    resultats = [p for p in await depot.latest_by_site() if p.site_id == identifiant_site()]
+
+    assert resultats == []

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_reading.py

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Reading, Site
+from app.repositories.reading import ReadingRepository
+from tests.repositories.test_site import creer as creer_site
+from tests.repositories.test_site import identifiant as identifiant_site
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+
+def identifiant() -> str:
+    return f"SITE-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+
+
+def lecture(site_id: str, *, timestamp: datetime, consumption_kw: float) -> Reading:
+    return Reading(
+        site_id=site_id,
+        timestamp=timestamp,
+        source="api_current",
+        consumption_kw=consumption_kw,
+        data_quality="good",
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+
+
+async def creer_lecture(session: AsyncSession, *, site_id: str, **overrides: object) -> Reading:
+    reading = Reading(
+        site_id=site_id,
+        timestamp=overrides.get("timestamp", datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC)),
+        source=overrides.get("source", "api_current"),
+        consumption_kw=overrides.get("consumption_kw", 10.0),
+        data_quality=overrides.get("data_quality", "good"),
+        raw_data=overrides.get("raw_data", {}),
+    )
+    session.add(reading)
+    await session.flush()
+    return reading
+
+
+async def test_latest_by_site_keeps_only_the_most_recent_reading(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site_id = identifiant()
+    maintenant = datetime.now(UTC)
+    session.add(Site(site_id=site_id, site_name="Site", site_type="bureau", capacity_kw=100))
+    await session.flush()
+    session.add_all(
+        [
+            lecture(site_id, timestamp=maintenant - timedelta(hours=1), consumption_kw=10),
+            lecture(site_id, timestamp=maintenant, consumption_kw=42),
+        ]
+    )
+    await session.flush()
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+
+    resultats = await depot.latest_by_site()
+    consommations = [r.consumption_kw for r in resultats if r.site_id == site_id]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert consommations == [42]
+
+
+async def test_latest_by_site_returns_one_row_per_site(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    premier, second = identifiant(), identifiant()
+    maintenant = datetime.now(UTC)
+    session.add_all(
+        [
+            Site(site_id=premier, site_name="A", site_type="bureau", capacity_kw=100),
+            Site(site_id=second, site_name="B", site_type="bureau", capacity_kw=200),
+        ]
+    )
+    await session.flush()
+    session.add_all(
+        [
+            lecture(premier, timestamp=maintenant, consumption_kw=10),
+            lecture(second, timestamp=maintenant, consumption_kw=20),
+        ]
+    )
+    await session.flush()
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+
+    resultats = await depot.latest_by_site()
+    identifiants = {r.site_id for r in resultats if r.site_id in (premier, second)}
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == {premier, second}
+
+
+async def test_latest_by_site_breaks_a_timestamp_tie_on_the_last_written_reading(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    horodatage = datetime(2026, 9, 15, tzinfo=UTC)
+    await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=horodatage, source="api_history", consumption_kw=10
+    )
+    derniere = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=horodatage, source="api_current", consumption_kw=42
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.latest_by_site()
+    retenues = [r.reading_id for r in resultats if r.site_id == site.site_id]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert retenues == [derniere.reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_latest_for_site_returns_the_most_recent_reading(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    await creer_lecture(session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+    recente = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 15, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+
+    trouvee = await depot.latest_for_site(site.site_id)
+    reading_id = trouvee.reading_id if trouvee else None
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert reading_id == recente.reading_id
+
+
+async def test_latest_for_site_breaks_a_timestamp_tie_on_the_last_written_reading(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    horodatage = datetime(2026, 9, 15, tzinfo=UTC)
+    await creer_lecture(session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=horodatage, source="api_history")
+    derniere = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=horodatage, source="api_current"
+    )
+
+    trouvee = await depot.latest_for_site(site.site_id)
+    reading_id = trouvee.reading_id if trouvee else None
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert reading_id == derniere.reading_id
+
+
+async def test_latest_for_site_ignores_the_readings_of_the_other_sites(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    sans_lecture = await creer_site(session)
+    autre = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    await creer_lecture(session, site_id=autre.site_id)
+
+    trouvee = await depot.latest_for_site(sans_lecture.site_id)
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert trouvee is None
+
+
+async def test_list_since_orders_by_site_then_by_time_ascending(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    plus_recente = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+    plus_ancienne = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 15, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_since(since=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC), site_id=site.site_id)
+    identifiants = [r.reading_id for r in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [plus_ancienne.reading_id, plus_recente.reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_since_excludes_readings_before_the_cutoff(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    dedans = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+    await creer_lecture(session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_since(
+        since=datetime(2026, 9, 10, tzinfo=UTC), site_id=site.site_id
+    )
+    identifiants = [r.reading_id for r in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [dedans.reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_since_breaks_a_timestamp_tie_by_ascending_reading_id(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    # `uq_reading_source` autorise deux lignes au même `site_id`+`timestamp` quand la `source`
+    # diffère (même piège que `latest_for_site`). Sans ce départage, `_detect_spike` traiterait
+    # cette paire comme une variation réelle selon un ordre non garanti par le plan d'exécution.
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    horodatage = datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC)
+    premiere = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=horodatage, source="api_history", consumption_kw=10
+    )
+    seconde = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=horodatage, source="api_current", consumption_kw=42
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_since(since=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC), site_id=site.site_id)
+    identifiants = [r.reading_id for r in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [premiere.reading_id, seconde.reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_since_filters_by_site_id(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    premier = await creer_site(session)
+    second = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    voulue = await creer_lecture(session, site_id=premier.site_id)
+    await creer_lecture(session, site_id=second.site_id)
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_since(
+        since=datetime(2026, 8, 1, tzinfo=UTC), site_id=premier.site_id
+    )
+    identifiants = [r.reading_id for r in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [voulue.reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_history_orders_the_readings_by_timestamp_descending(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    ancienne = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+    recente = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 15, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_history(
+        start=datetime(2026, 8, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        end=datetime(2026, 10, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        limit=100,
+        offset=0,
+    )
+    identifiants = [
+        r.reading_id for r in resultats if r.reading_id in (ancienne.reading_id, recente.reading_id)
+    ]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [recente.reading_id, ancienne.reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_history_filters_by_site_id(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    premier = await creer_site(session)
+    second = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    voulue = await creer_lecture(session, site_id=premier.site_id)
+    await creer_lecture(session, site_id=second.site_id)
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_history(
+        site_id=premier.site_id,
+        start=datetime(2026, 8, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        end=datetime(2026, 10, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        limit=100,
+        offset=0,
+    )
+    identifiants = [r.reading_id for r in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [voulue.reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_history_excludes_readings_outside_the_window(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    dedans = await creer_lecture(
+        session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 10, tzinfo=UTC)
+    )
+    await creer_lecture(session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 8, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+    await creer_lecture(session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 10, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_history(
+        site_id=site.site_id,
+        start=datetime(2026, 9, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        end=datetime(2026, 9, 30, tzinfo=UTC),
+        limit=100,
+        offset=0,
+    )
+    identifiants = [r.reading_id for r in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [dedans.reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_history_respects_limit_and_offset(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    site = await creer_site(session)
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+    lectures = [
+        await creer_lecture(
+            session, site_id=site.site_id, timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, jour, tzinfo=UTC)
+        )
+        for jour in (1, 2, 3)
+    ]
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_history(
+        site_id=site.site_id,
+        start=datetime(2026, 8, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        end=datetime(2026, 10, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        limit=1,
+        offset=1,
+    )
+    identifiants = [r.reading_id for r in resultats]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [lectures[1].reading_id]
+
+
+async def test_list_history_returns_an_empty_list_when_there_is_nothing(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    depot = ReadingRepository(session)
+
+    resultats = await depot.list_history(
+        site_id=identifiant_site(),
+        start=datetime(2026, 8, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        end=datetime(2026, 10, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+        limit=100,
+        offset=0,
+    )
+
+    assert list(resultats) == []

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_recommendation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Alert, Recommendation, Site
+from app.repositories import recommendation as module_recommendation
+from app.repositories.recommendation import NouvelleRecommandation, RecommendationRepository
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+MOMENT = datetime(2024, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+async def creer_site(session: AsyncSession) -> str:
+    site_id = f"TEST-{uuid.uuid4()}"
+    session.add(Site(site_id=site_id, site_name="Site de test", site_type="office"))
+    await session.flush()
+    return site_id
+
+
+async def creer_alerte(session: AsyncSession) -> int:
+    site_id = await creer_site(session)
+    alerte = Alert(
+        source_alert_id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
+        site_id=site_id,
+        source="api_mock",
+        timestamp=MOMENT,
+        type="spike",
+        severity="high",
+        message="Test",
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+    session.add(alerte)
+    await session.flush()
+    return alerte.alert_id
+
+
+async def creer(session: AsyncSession, **overrides: object) -> Recommendation:
+    recommendation = Recommendation(
+        alert_id=overrides.get("alert_id") or await creer_alerte(session),
+        action=overrides.get("action", "Vérifier la consommation"),
+        explanation=overrides.get("explanation", "Pic détecté"),
+        rule_reference=overrides.get("rule_reference", f"spike-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"),
+    )
+    session.add(recommendation)
+    await session.flush()
+    return recommendation
+
+
+async def test_get_by_id_returns_the_matching_recommendation(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = RecommendationRepository(session)
+    cree = await creer(session)
+
+    trouve = await depot.get_by_id(cree.recommendation_id)
+    action = trouve.action if trouve else None
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert action == "Vérifier la consommation"
+
+
+async def test_get_by_id_returns_nothing_for_an_unknown_identifier(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    trouve = await RecommendationRepository(session).get_by_id(0)
+
+    assert trouve is None
+
+
+async def test_list_all_returns_the_recommendations_sorted_by_identifier(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    depot = RecommendationRepository(session)
+    premiere = await creer(session)
+    seconde = await creer(session)
+
+    recommendations = await depot.list_all()
+    identifiants = [
+        r.recommendation_id
+        for r in recommendations
+        if r.recommendation_id in (premiere.recommendation_id, seconde.recommendation_id)
+    ]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == sorted(identifiants)
+
+
+def nouvelle(alert_id: int, reference: str = "spike-delestage-v1") -> NouvelleRecommandation:
+    return NouvelleRecommandation(
+        alert_id=alert_id,
+        action="Délester les équipements non prioritaires",
+        explanation="Pic de consommation signalé.",
+        rule_reference=reference,
+    )
+
+
+async def test_create_missing_inserts_the_proposals(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = RecommendationRepository(session)
+    alert_id = await creer_alerte(session)
+
+    creees = await depot.create_missing(
+        [nouvelle(alert_id), nouvelle(alert_id, "escalade-astreinte-v1")]
+    )
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert creees == 2
+
+
+async def test_create_missing_ignores_a_rule_already_held_for_the_alert(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    depot = RecommendationRepository(session)
+    alert_id = await creer_alerte(session)
+    await depot.create_missing([nouvelle(alert_id)])
+
+    creees = await depot.create_missing([nouvelle(alert_id)])
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert creees == 0
+
+
+async def test_create_missing_returns_zero_without_any_proposal(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    creees = await RecommendationRepository(session).create_missing([])
+
+    assert creees == 0
+
+
+async def test_create_missing_inserts_every_proposal_across_several_batches(
+    session: AsyncSession, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(module_recommendation, "TAILLE_DE_LOT", 2)
+    depot = RecommendationRepository(session)
+    alert_id = await creer_alerte(session)
+    propositions = [nouvelle(alert_id, f"regle-{index}-v1") for index in range(5)]
+
+    creees = await depot.create_missing(propositions)
+    enregistrees = [r for r in await depot.list_all() if r.alert_id == alert_id]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert creees == 5
+    assert len(enregistrees) == 5

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_refresh_token.py

@@ -178,12 +178,16 @@ async def test_the_database_refuses_two_tokens_sharing_a_fingerprint(
         user_agent=None,
     )
 
+    famille = uuid.uuid4()
+    empreinte = fingerprint_refresh(secret)
+    expiration = datetime.now(UTC) + DUREE
+
     with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
         await depot.create(
             user_id=compte,
-            family_id=uuid.uuid4(),
+            family_id=famille,
-            token_hash=fingerprint_refresh(secret),
+            token_hash=empreinte,
-            expires_at=datetime.now(UTC) + DUREE,
+            expires_at=expiration,
             client_ip=None,
             user_agent=None,
         )

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_site.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.energy import Site
+from app.repositories.site import SiteRepository
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+
+def identifiant() -> str:
+    return f"site-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]}"
+
+
+async def creer(session: AsyncSession, **overrides: object) -> Site:
+    site = Site(
+        site_id=overrides.get("site_id", identifiant()),
+        site_name=overrides.get("site_name", "Site de test"),
+        site_type=overrides.get("site_type", "industriel"),
+        location=overrides.get("location", "Toulouse"),
+        capacity_kw=overrides.get("capacity_kw", 42.0),
+        status=overrides.get("status", "actif"),
+    )
+    session.add(site)
+    await session.flush()
+    return site
+
+
+async def test_get_by_id_returns_the_matching_site(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = SiteRepository(session)
+    cree = await creer(session)
+
+    trouve = await depot.get_by_id(cree.site_id)
+    nom = trouve.site_name if trouve else None
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert nom == "Site de test"
+
+
+async def test_get_by_id_returns_nothing_for_an_unknown_identifier(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    trouve = await SiteRepository(session).get_by_id(identifiant())
+
+    assert trouve is None
+
+
+async def test_list_all_returns_the_sites_sorted_by_identifier(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    depot = SiteRepository(session)
+    premier, second = sorted([f"zz-{identifiant()}", f"aa-{identifiant()}"])
+    await creer(session, site_id=second)
+    await creer(session, site_id=premier)
+
+    sites = await depot.list_all()
+    identifiants = [site.site_id for site in sites if site.site_id in (premier, second)]
+    await session.rollback()
+
+    assert identifiants == [premier, second]

apps/backend/tests/repositories/test_user.py

@@ -31,14 +31,12 @@ async def test_the_database_refuses_an_email_written_in_upper_case(
 ) -> None:
     saisie = adresse().upper()
 
+    requete = text(
+        "insert into app_user (email, password_hash, role) values (:e, '$argon2id$x', 'lecteur')"
+    )
+
     with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
-        await session.execute(
+        await session.execute(requete, {"e": saisie})
-            text(
-                "insert into app_user (email, password_hash, role) "
-                "values (:e, '$argon2id$x', 'lecteur')"
-            ),
-            {"e": saisie},
-        )
     await session.rollback()
 
 

apps/backend/tests/schemas/test_auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import pytest
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+from app.schemas.auth import PasswordChangeRequest, valide_complexite
+
+MOT_DE_PASSE_VALIDE = "Un-mot-de-passe1!"
+
+
+def test_password_change_request_accepts_a_password_covering_the_four_classes() -> None:
+    requete = PasswordChangeRequest(
+        current_password="peu-importe", new_password=MOT_DE_PASSE_VALIDE
+    )
+
+    assert requete.new_password == MOT_DE_PASSE_VALIDE
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "new_password",
+    [
+        "un-mot-de-passe1!",
+        "UN-MOT-DE-PASSE1!",
+        "Un-mot-de-passe!",
+        "Un mot de passe 1",
+    ],
+    ids=["sans_majuscule", "sans_minuscule", "sans_chiffre", "sans_caractere_special"],
+)
+def test_password_change_request_rejects_a_password_missing_a_character_class(
+    new_password: str,
+) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        PasswordChangeRequest(current_password="peu-importe", new_password=new_password)
+
+
+def test_password_change_request_rejects_a_password_below_the_minimum_length() -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        PasswordChangeRequest(current_password="peu-importe", new_password="Ab1!")
+
+
+def test_valide_complexite_names_every_missing_class_in_the_error() -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"majuscule.*chiffre|chiffre.*majuscule"):
+        valide_complexite("minuscules-seulement")
+
+
+def test_valide_complexite_accepts_an_accented_password() -> None:
+    assert valide_complexite("Sécurité1!") == "Sécurité1!"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("mot_de_passe", ["abcdefg1×", "abcdefg1÷"])  # noqa: RUF001
+def test_valide_complexite_rejects_a_password_without_uppercase_despite_times_or_divide(
+    mot_de_passe: str,
+) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="majuscule"):
+        valide_complexite(mot_de_passe)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("mot_de_passe", ["ABCDEFG1×", "ABCDEFG1÷"])  # noqa: RUF001
+def test_valide_complexite_rejects_a_password_without_lowercase_despite_times_or_divide(
+    mot_de_passe: str,
+) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="minuscule"):
+        valide_complexite(mot_de_passe)

apps/backend/tests/services/test_alert.py

@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+
+from app.models.energy import Alert
+from app.services.alert import OUTAGE_THRESHOLD, AlertService, _severity_from_ratio
+
+NOW = datetime(2026, 9, 16, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+def alert(
+    alert_id: int = 1,
+    site_id: str = "site-1",
+    severity: str = "high",
+) -> Alert:
+    return Alert(
+        alert_id=alert_id,
+        source_alert_id=f"ALR-{alert_id}",
+        site_id=site_id,
+        source="enervision",
+        timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 16, tzinfo=UTC),
+        type="threshold",
+        severity=severity,
+        message="Dépassement du seuil configuré",
+        value=812.5,
+        threshold=720.0,
+        metric="consumption_kw",
+        prediction_id=None,
+        raw_data={},
+    )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FauxSite:
+    site_id: str
+    capacity_kw: float | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FauxLecture:
+    site_id: str
+    timestamp: datetime
+    consumption_kw: float | None = None
+    consumption_kwh: float | None = None
+    data_quality: str | None = None
+    null_reasons: list[str] | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FauxPrediction:
+    site_id: str
+    target_at: datetime
+    predicted_value: float | None
+    target_metric: str = "consumption_kwh"
+    prediction_id: int = 1
+
+
+class FakeRepository:
+    def __init__(self, alerts: list[Alert]) -> None:
+        self._alerts = alerts
+        self.appels: list[tuple[str | None, str | None]] = []
+        self.crees: list[Alert] = []
+
+    async def list_all(
+        self, *, site_id: str | None = None, severity: str | None = None
+    ) -> list[Alert]:
+        self.appels.append((site_id, severity))
+        return self._alerts
+
+    async def create_many(self, alerts: list[Alert]) -> list[Alert]:
+        self.crees = list(alerts)
+        return self.crees
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FauxDepotLectures:
+    depuis: list[FauxLecture] = field(default_factory=list)
+    dernieres: list[FauxLecture] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    async def list_since(self, *, since: datetime, site_id: str | None = None) -> list[FauxLecture]:
+        return [lecture for lecture in self.depuis if site_id is None or lecture.site_id == site_id]
+
+    async def latest_by_site(self) -> list[FauxLecture]:
+        return self.dernieres
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FauxDepotPredictions:
+    predictions: list[FauxPrediction] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    async def list_since(
+        self, *, since: datetime, site_id: str | None = None
+    ) -> list[FauxPrediction]:
+        return [p for p in self.predictions if site_id is None or p.site_id == site_id]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FauxDepotSites:
+    sites: list[FauxSite]
+
+    async def list_all(self) -> list[FauxSite]:
+        return self.sites
+
+
+def service(
+    *,
+    sites: list[FauxSite],
+    lectures: list[FauxLecture] | None = None,
+    dernieres: list[FauxLecture] | None = None,
+    predictions: list[FauxPrediction] | None = None,
+    alerts: FakeRepository | None = None,
+) -> tuple[AlertService, FakeRepository]:
+    depot_alertes = alerts or FakeRepository([])
+    dernieres_lectures = dernieres if dernieres is not None else (lectures or [])
+    return (
+        AlertService(
+            alerts=depot_alertes,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            readings=FauxDepotLectures(depuis=lectures or [], dernieres=dernieres_lectures),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            predictions=FauxDepotPredictions(predictions or []),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            sites=FauxDepotSites(sites),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        ),
+        depot_alertes,
+    )
+
+
+async def test_list_all_returns_the_repository_alerts() -> None:
+    svc, _ = service(sites=[], alerts=FakeRepository([alert(1), alert(2)]))
+
+    alertes = await svc.list_all()
+
+    assert [a.alert_id for a in alertes] == [1, 2]
+
+
+async def test_list_all_relays_the_filters_to_the_repository() -> None:
+    depot = FakeRepository([])
+    svc, _ = service(sites=[], alerts=depot)
+
+    await svc.list_all(site_id="site-1", severity="critical")
+
+    assert depot.appels == [("site-1", "critical")]
+
+
+async def test_detect_raises_a_threshold_alert_above_site_capacity() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A", capacity_kw=100.0)],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=150.0)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    (candidate,) = depot.crees
+    assert candidate.type == "threshold"
+    assert candidate.severity == "high"
+    assert candidate.value == 150.0
+    assert candidate.threshold == 100.0
+    assert candidate.metric == "consumption_kw"
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_reading_within_capacity() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A", capacity_kw=100.0)],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=80.0)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert depot.crees == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_threshold_when_the_site_has_no_declared_capacity() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A", capacity_kw=None)],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=9999.0)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert depot.crees == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_raises_a_spike_alert_on_a_brutal_consecutive_variation() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW - timedelta(hours=1), consumption_kw=100.0),
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=160.0),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    (candidate,) = [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "spike"]
+    assert candidate.value == 160.0
+    assert candidate.threshold == 100.0
+    assert candidate.timestamp == NOW
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_moderate_consecutive_variation() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW - timedelta(hours=1), consumption_kw=100.0),
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=110.0),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "spike"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_never_compares_consecutive_readings_across_two_sites() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A"), FauxSite("B")],
+        lectures=[
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW - timedelta(hours=1), consumption_kw=10.0),
+            FauxLecture("B", NOW, consumption_kw=1000.0),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "spike"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_raises_an_anomaly_alert_far_from_the_matching_prediction() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kwh=100.0)],
+        predictions=[FauxPrediction("A", target_at=NOW, predicted_value=70.0)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    (candidate,) = [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "anomaly"]
+    assert candidate.value == 100.0
+    assert candidate.threshold == 70.0
+    assert candidate.metric == "consumption_kwh"
+    assert candidate.prediction_id == 1
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_reading_close_to_its_prediction() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kwh=100.0)],
+        predictions=[FauxPrediction("A", target_at=NOW, predicted_value=95.0)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "anomaly"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_prediction_whose_target_at_does_not_match_the_reading() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kwh=100.0)],
+        predictions=[FauxPrediction("A", target_at=NOW - timedelta(hours=1), predicted_value=1.0)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "anomaly"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_keeps_the_most_recent_run_when_two_predictions_share_the_same_target() -> (
+    None
+):
+    # `PredictionRepository.list_since` départage les égalités de `target_at` par `prediction_id`
+    # croissant : le repository fait donc déjà passer le run le plus récent en dernier dans la
+    # liste, et c'est ce dernier que le dict de `_detect_anomaly` doit retenir.
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kwh=100.0)],
+        predictions=[
+            FauxPrediction("A", target_at=NOW, predicted_value=100.0, prediction_id=1),
+            FauxPrediction("A", target_at=NOW, predicted_value=70.0, prediction_id=2),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    (candidate,) = [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "anomaly"]
+    assert candidate.threshold == 70.0
+    assert candidate.prediction_id == 2
+
+
+async def test_detect_raises_an_outage_alert_past_the_threshold() -> None:
+    derniere = NOW - OUTAGE_THRESHOLD - timedelta(minutes=1)
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[],
+        dernieres=[FauxLecture("A", derniere)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    (candidate,) = [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "outage"]
+    assert candidate.severity in {"low", "medium", "high", "critical"}
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_site_still_within_the_outage_threshold() -> None:
+    derniere = NOW - OUTAGE_THRESHOLD + timedelta(minutes=1)
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[],
+        dernieres=[FauxLecture("A", derniere)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "outage"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_raises_a_critical_outage_alert_for_a_site_never_read() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(sites=[FauxSite("A")], lectures=[], dernieres=[])
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    (candidate,) = [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "outage"]
+    assert candidate.severity == "critical"
+    assert candidate.source_alert_id == "outage:jamais"
+
+
+async def test_detect_raises_a_sensor_alert_on_a_degraded_reading() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, data_quality="critical", null_reasons=["missing:x"])],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    (candidate,) = [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "sensor"]
+    assert candidate.severity == "critical"
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_good_quality_reading_for_the_sensor_rule() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, data_quality="good")],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "sensor"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_scopes_to_a_single_site_when_asked() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A", capacity_kw=100.0), FauxSite("B", capacity_kw=100.0)],
+        lectures=[
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=150.0),
+            FauxLecture("B", NOW, consumption_kw=150.0),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW, site_id="A")
+
+    assert {a.site_id for a in depot.crees} == {"A"}
+
+
+async def test_detect_returns_early_when_there_is_no_site() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(sites=[])
+
+    resultat = await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert resultat == []
+    assert depot.crees == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_spike_pair_with_a_missing_measurement() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW - timedelta(hours=1), consumption_kw=None),
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=160.0),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "spike"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_reading_still_at_zero_after_a_previous_zero() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW - timedelta(hours=1), consumption_kw=0.0),
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=0.0),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "spike"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_raises_a_critical_spike_when_a_site_restarts_from_zero() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW - timedelta(hours=1), consumption_kw=0.0),
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=50.0),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    (candidate,) = [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "spike"]
+    assert candidate.severity == "critical"
+    assert candidate.value == 50.0
+    assert candidate.threshold == 0.0
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_a_spike_pair_sharing_the_same_timestamp() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=100.0),
+            FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=160.0),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "spike"] == []
+
+
+async def test_detect_ignores_an_anomaly_when_the_prediction_is_near_zero() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A")],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kwh=5.0)],
+        predictions=[FauxPrediction("A", target_at=NOW, predicted_value=0.0)],
+    )
+
+    await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert [a for a in depot.crees if a.type == "anomaly"] == []
+
+
+def test_severity_from_ratio_covers_every_band() -> None:
+    assert _severity_from_ratio(1.0) == "low"
+    assert _severity_from_ratio(1.2) == "medium"
+    assert _severity_from_ratio(1.5) == "high"
+    assert _severity_from_ratio(2.0) == "critical"
+
+
+async def test_detect_does_not_call_create_many_when_nothing_triggers() -> None:
+    svc, depot = service(
+        sites=[FauxSite("A", capacity_kw=100.0)],
+        lectures=[FauxLecture("A", NOW, consumption_kw=10.0, data_quality="good")],
+    )
+
+    resultat = await svc.detect(now=NOW)
+
+    assert resultat == []
+    assert depot.crees == []